Synergistic anticancer activity of resveratrol with cisplatin and carboplatin in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: This study looked at the efficacy of combining the phytochemical resveratrol with the anticancer drugs cisplatin and carboplatin on lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Materials And Methods: We used MTT assay and generation of Reactive Oxygen Species levels using molecular fluorogenic probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) to investigate the effects of resveratrol in combination with cisplatin and carboplatin on the proliferation and viability of cells and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Results: Resveratrol has an anti-proliferative effect on A549 lung cancer cells, inhibiting cell proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner.

Appraisal of malachite green biodegradation and detoxification potential of laccase from Trametes cubensis.

The laccase from the newly isolated Trametes cubensis was investigated for its potential to degrade malachite green (MG) dye. Optimized solid-substrate fermentation enhanced laccase production by 8.8-fold, reaching an activity of 6577.

Exploring Antimalarial and Cytotoxic Activities of Hibiscus cannabinus and Corchorus capsularis Extracts Through In-Vitro and In-Silico Approaches.

Malaria is an infectious disease, endemic to tropical and sub-tropical regions causing half a million people's deaths every year. Bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants are used to treat malaria disease and its complications. H.

Exploring the effect of epigallocatechin gallate on non small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Human epidemiological studies have shown that diets rich in plant polyphenols have beneficial effects on various diseases including cancer. Epigallocatechin Gallate, a flavonoid polyphenol molecule, has been shown to be both chemotherapeutic and chemo-preventive in the treatment of several forms of cancer, including lung cancer. 80% of cancers of the lungs are non-small cell lung cancers.

N-Hydroxyalkanamide Based Organo/hydrogels as Novel Scaffolds for pH-Dependent Metronidazole and Theophylline Release.

The traditional delivery of metronidazole and theophylline presents challenges like bitter taste, variable absorption, and side effects. However, gel-based systems offer advantages including enhanced targeted drug delivery, minimized side effects, and improved patient compliance, effectively addressing these challenges. Consequently, a cost-effective synthesis of N-hydroxyalkanamide gelators with varying alkyl chain lengths was achieved in a single-step reaction procedure.

A formal vinylic substitution reaction for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated enol esters and their anticancer potential.

Arylsulfonyl group-bearing α,β-unsaturated enol esters were readily assembled the CsCO-mediated union of 2-bromoallyl sulfones and cinnamic acids. The overall transformation is equivalent to an sp carbon-oxygen coupling reaction, and therefore constitutes a formal vinylic substitution. Several of the products display promising levels of antiproliferative activities higher than that of the anticancer drug carboplatin.

Supramolecular Organo/hydrogel-Fabricated Long Alkyl Chain α-Amidoamides as a Smart Soft Material for pH-Responsive Curcumin Release.

Low-molecular-mass gelators, due to their excellent biocompatibility, low toxicological profile, innate biodegradability and ease of fabrication have garnered significant interest as they self-assemble through non-covalent interactions. In this study, we have designed and synthesized a series of six α-amidoamides by varying the hydrophobic alkyl chain length (C-C), which were well characterized using different spectral techniques. These α-amidoamides formed self-assembled aggregates in a DMSO/water solvent system affording organo/hydrogels at 0.

Microbiome diversity and composition in Bemisia tabaci SSA1-SG1 whitefly are influenced by their host's life stage.

Within the Bemisia tabaci group of cryptic whitefly species, many are damaging agricultural pests and plant-virus vectors, conferring upon this group the status of one of the world's top 100 most invasive and destructive species, affecting farmers' income and threatening their livelihoods. Studies on the microbiome of whitefly life stages are scarce, although their composition and diversity greatly influence whitefly fitness and development. We used high-throughput sequencing to understand microbiome diversity in different developmental stages of the B.

Facile one-pot multicomponent synthesis of peptoid based gelators as novel scaffolds for drug incorporation and pH-sensitive release.

Infections caused by bacteria are the primary cause of illness and death globally, and antibiotics are the most commonly used medications to treat them. However, there are certain inherent problems in administering these drugs without any changes to their effectiveness. In order to sustain the targeted dosage over time, the use of a biocompatible local drug delivery system using low molecular mass gelators is preferred as a potential approach to reduce its side effects.

Biocompatible Drug Delivery System Based on a MOF Platform for a Sustained and Controlled Release of the Poorly Soluble Drug Norfloxacin.

Norfloxacin (NFX), an important antibacterial fluoroquinolone, is a class IV drug according to the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) and has low solubility and permeability issues. Such poor physicochemical properties of drug molecules lead to poor delivery and are of serious concern to the pharmaceutical industry for clinical development. We present here a conceptually new approach to deliver NFX, by loading the drug molecule on the porous platform of a biocompatible metal-organic framework (MOF), MIL-100(Fe).

Metal-organic framework based drug delivery systems as smart carriers for release of poorly soluble drugs hydrochlorothiazide and dapsone.

Drug delivery systems (DDSs) that are derived from biocompatible carriers are attractive platforms for sustained release of drugs. In particular, sustained and controlled release of poorly soluble BCS (Biopharmaceutics Classification System) class IV drugs is important and this requires the development of new DDSs. In this work, we exploit two porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) MIL-100(Fe) and MIL-53(Fe) as carriers/DDSs for the release of two BCS class IV drugs hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and dapsone (DAP).

Comparative evolutionary analyses of eight whitefly Bemisia tabaci sensu lato genomes: cryptic species, agricultural pests and plant-virus vectors.

Background: The group of > 40 cryptic whitefly species called Bemisia tabaci sensu lato are amongst the world's worst agricultural pests and plant-virus vectors. Outbreaks of B. tabaci s.

Genetic diversity, distribution, and structure of Bemisia tabaci whitefly species in potential invasion and hybridization regions of East Africa.

Outbreaks of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci species in East and Central Africa, have become increasingly prevalent during the previous 25 years and are responsible for driving the spread of plant-virus diseases, such as cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown steak disease. Epidemics of these diseases have expanded their ranges over the same period, spreading from Uganda into other sub-Saharan African countries. It was hypothesised that a highly abundant 'invader' population of B.

Identifying Putative Resistance Genes for Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV in Wheat and Barley.

Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) are one of the most widespread and economically important plant viruses affecting many cereal crops. Growing resistant varieties remains the most promising approach to reduce the impact of BYDVs. A Recent RNA sequencing analysis has revealed potential genes that respond to BYDV infection in resistant barley genotypes.

Transcriptome Dynamics in Genotypes Associated with Resistance against the Wheat Dwarf Virus.

Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) is one of the most important pathogens of cereal crops worldwide. To understand the molecular mechanism of resistance, here we investigated the comparative transcriptome of wheat genotypes with different levels of resistance (Svitava and Fengyou 3) and susceptibility (Akteur) to WDV. We found a significantly higher number of differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in the susceptible genotype than in the resistant one (e.

Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods.

The incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [ (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV, genus ) in India.

Endocytosis of LXRs: Signaling in liver and disease.

Nuclear receptors are among one of the major transcriptional factors that induces gene regulation in the nucleus. Liver X receptor (LXR) is a transcription factor which regulates essential lipid homeostasis in the body including fatty acid, cholesterol and phospholipid synthesis. Liver X receptor-retinoid X receptor (LXR-RXR) heterodimer is activated by either of the ligand binding on LXR or RXR.

Spatio-temporal changes in endosymbiont diversity and composition in the African cassava whitefly, SSA1.

Sap-sucking insects, including whiteflies, are amongst the most devastating and widely distributed organisms on the planet. They are often highly invasive and endosymbiont communities within these insects help them adapt to new or changing environments. (Gennadius; Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) whitefly species are vectors of more than 500 known plant-viruses and harbour highly diverse endosymbionts communities.

Microbiome diversity and reproductive incompatibility induced by the prevalent endosymbiont in two species of African cassava whiteflies.

A minimum of 13 diverse whitefly species belonging to the () species complex are known to infest cassava crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), designated as SSA1-13. Of these, the SSA1 and SSA2 are the predominant species colonizing cassava crops in East Africa. The SSA species of harbor diverse bacterial endosymbionts, many of which are known to manipulate insect reproduction.

Oral mucositis: Current knowledge and future directions.

Oral mucositis secondary to head and neck chemoradiation displays a complex molecular pathogenesis involving epithelial and microvascular injury, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and host-microbiome communications. These processes lead to oxidative stress and the release of reactive oxygen species that stifle the structural integrity of the oral mucosa, with emergence of erosions and ulcers. The consequences are malnutrition, psychological/psychiatric symptoms, poor quality of life, and occurrence of opportunistic infections.

Advances in aggregation induced emission (AIE) materials in biosensing and imaging of bacteria.

With their ubiquitous nature, bacteria have had a significant impact on human health and evolution. Though as commensals residing in/on our bodies several bacterial communities support our health in many ways, bacteria remain one of the major causes of infectious diseases that plague the human world. Adding to this, emergence of antibiotic resistant strains limited the use of available antibiotics.

PAL1 gene of the phenylpropanoid pathway increases resistance to the Cassava brown streak virus in cassava.

Background: The phenylalanine ammonia lyase genes play crucial role in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we characterized the role of PAL genes in increasing resistance to the Cassava brown streak virus that causes the economically important cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) on cassava in Africa.

Methods: The whole transcriptomes of eight cassava varieties differing in resistance to CBSD were obtained at 1, 5 and 8 weeks after CBSV infection.