Mismatch analysis of humeral nailing: antegrade versus retrograde insertion.

Background: Closed humeral nailing is now considered an alternative treatment for humeral-shaft fracture. The nail can be inserted with either the antegrade or retrograde method. We investigated and compared the problem of geometric mismatch of the humeral nail to the humerus between the two methods of insertion.

3D geometrical assessment of femoral curvature: a reverse engineering technique.

Objective: Investigate the 2D/3D geometry of femoral curvature and femoral length using the advanced technique of computerized tomography combined with reverse engineering techniques.

Material And Method: The present study was performed using reverse engineering technique based on CT data of 99 cadaveric femora. The femur was divided into three segments, proximal, mid-shaft, and distal regions by defining 35% and 65% of the femoral total length as a boundary of each region.