SUMO2 rescues neuronal and glial cells from the toxicity of P301L Tau mutant.

Introduction: Abnormal intracellular accumulation of Tau aggregates is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other Tauopathies, such as Frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Tau deposits primarily affect neurons, but evidence indicates that glial cells may also be affected and contribute distinctively to disease progression. Cells can respond to toxic insults by orchestrating global changes in posttranslational modifications of their proteome.

Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acute postoperative breast augmentation pain: study protocol.

The aim of this study is to describe a protocol for evaluating the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain following breast augmentation surgery. Fifty-four women will be randomly allocated into two groups: active TENS and placebo. Pain will be assessed at rest and during movement, before and immediately after TENS application.

Sol-Gel Pt-VO Films as Selective Chemoresistive and Optical H Gas Sensors.

In this work, VO (M1/R) thin films were exploited as H gas sensors. A flat film morphology, obtained by furnace annealing, was compared with a laser-induced nanostructured one. The combination of the environmentally friendly sol-gel approach with the ultrafast laser crystallization allows for significant reductions in energy consumption and related emissions during the fabrication of VO sensors.

SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Induces Tau Pathological Changes That Can Be Counteracted by SUMO2.

Neurologic manifestations are an immediate consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, which, however, may also trigger long-term neurological effects. Notably, COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms show elevated levels of biomarkers associated with brain injury, including Tau proteins linked to Alzheimer's pathology. Studies in brain organoids revealed that SARS-CoV-2 alters the phosphorylation and distribution of Tau in infected neurons, but the mechanisms are currently unknown.

Solvothermally Grown Oriented WO Nanoflakes for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceuticals in a Flow Reactor.

Contamination by pharmaceuticals adversely affects the quality of natural water, causing environmental and health concerns. In this study, target drugs (oxazepam, OZ, 17-α-ethinylestradiol, EE2, and drospirenone, DRO), which have been extensively detected in the effluents of WWTPs over the past decades, were selected. We report here a new photoactive system, operating under visible light, capable of degrading EE2, OZ and DRO in water.

Scallop shells as biosorbents for water remediation from heavy metals: Contributions and mechanism of shell components in the adsorption of cadmium from aqueous matrix.

To ascertain their potential for heavy metal pollution remedy, we studied the adsorption mechanism of cadmium onto scallop shells and the interactions between the heavy metal and the shell matrix. Intact shells were used to investigate the uptake and diffusion of the metal contaminant onto the shell carbonatic layers, as well as to evaluate the distribution of major and trace elements in the matrix. LA-ICPMS measurements demonstrate that Cd is adsorbed on a very thin layer on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell.

Correlation between cephalic screw positioning of Standard Gamma 3 Nail for intertrochanteric fractures and cut-out incidence.

Introduction: Lateral fractures of proximal femur are the most frequent fractures in elderly people. Internal fixation using medullary nails is the gold standard of treatment (Gamma 3 nail is the most implanted device) due to reduced incidence of complications than other devices. We report our experience in treating this kind of fractures with Gamma 3 nail, between January 2015 and December 2021.

Accurate prediction of the optical properties of nanoalloys with both plasmonic and magnetic elements.

The alloying process plays a pivotal role in the development of advanced multifunctional plasmonic materials within the realm of modern nanotechnology. However, accurate in silico predictions are only available for metal clusters of just a few nanometers, while the support of modelling is required to navigate the broad landscape of components, structures and stoichiometry of plasmonic nanoalloys regardless of their size. Here we report on the accurate calculation and conceptual understanding of the optical properties of metastable alloys of both plasmonic (Au) and magnetic (Co) elements obtained through a tailored laser synthesis procedure.

Composition Effect on the Formation of Oxide Phases by Thermal Decomposition of CuNiM(III) Layered Double Hydroxides with M(III) = Al, Fe.

The thermal decomposition processes of coprecipitated Cu-Ni-Al and Cu-Ni-Fe hydroxides and the formation of the mixed oxide phases were followed by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry analysis (TG - DTG) and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) in a temperature range from 25 to 800 °C. The as-prepared samples exhibited layered double hydroxide (LDH) with a rhombohedral structure for the Ni-richer Al- and Fe-bearing LDHs and a monoclinic structure for the CuAl LDH. Direct precipitation of CuO was also observed for the Cu-richest Fe-bearing samples.

Dark Personality Traits and Counterproductive Work Behavior: A PRISMA Systematic Review.

Nowadays it is important for companies to keep their profits and productivity high. This can be achieved by creating a good environment in which employees can perform at their best. Unfortunately, counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is widespread in the workplace and poses a serious threat to both organizational performance and employee well-being.

MRI and Clinical Biomarkers Overlap between Glaucoma and Alzheimer's Disease.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. It is classically associated with structural and functional changes in the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer, but the damage is not limited to the eye. The involvement of the central visual pathways and disruption of brain network organization have been reported using advanced neuroimaging techniques.

High temperature behaviour of Ag-exchanged Y zeolites used for PFAS sequestration from water.

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic compounds which have recently drawn great attention due to their high biological, chemical and physical stability and lipid/water repelling properties. The present work aims to provide for the first time insights on the thermal behaviour of Ag-exchanged Y zeolite loaded with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, CHFO) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, CHFOS) emphasizing the close link between crystal structure and desorption/dehydration processes. Elemental and isotopic abundance of carbon analysis, thermal analysis, and high-temperature synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction were used to evaluate critically if the thermal regeneration affects the initial zeolites structural features.

Biochemical-molecular-genetic biomarkers in the tear film, aqueous humor, and blood of primary open-angle glaucoma patients.

Introduction: Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, which is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. As a response to high intraocular pressure, the clinical and molecular glaucoma biomarkers indicate the biological state of the visual system. Classical and uncovering novel biomarkers of glaucoma development and progression, follow-up, and monitoring the response to treatment are key objectives to improve vision outcomes.

Effect of Carbonate Source on the Dehydrofluorination Process in Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Alkali Metal Carbonate Composites.

In this paper, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies were applied to analyze compositional and structural variations of the generated activated carbon (AC), as induced by changing carbonate source in three different types of systems, PVDF/MCO (M = Li, Na, and K). According to the variations of / and sp/sp ratios, a strong dependence of the AC structure on the type and content of the initial carbonate was found, determined by practical dehydrofluorination reactions associated with oxygen incorporation in AC and side reactions, because of the property variation induced by the difference in the cation of the carbonate sources. This procedure clarified the process of PVDF dehydrofluorination and the formation of activated carbon, which helps to optimize the material performance of the percolative composite for flexible energy storage applications.

Optical Hydrogen Sensing Properties of e-Beam WO Films Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles.

Tungsten oxide thin films with different thicknesses, crystallinity and morphology were synthesized by e-beam deposition followed by thermal treatment and acid boiling. The films with different surface morphologies were coated with gold nanoparticles and tested as optical sensing materials towards hydrogen. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ellipsometry and UV-VIS spectroscopy were employed to characterize the structural, morphological and optical properties of the film.

Ongoing Challenges of Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion Processing of Al Alloys and Potential Solutions from the Literature-A Review.

Their high strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance and excellent thermal and electrical conductivity have exponentially increased the interest in aluminium alloys in the context of laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) production. Although Al-based alloys are the third most investigated category of alloys in the literature and the second most used in industry, their processing by PBF-LB/M is often hampered by their considerable solidification shrinkage, tendency to oxidation, high laser reflectivity and poor powder flowability. For these reasons, high-strength Al-based alloys traditionally processed by conventional procedures have often proved to be unprintable with additive technology, so the design and development of new tailored Al-based alloys for PBF-LB/M production is necessary.

Combined use of coenzyme Q10 and citicoline: A new possibility for patients with glaucoma.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Several risk factors have been involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. By now, the main treatable risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure.

Enhancing Tungsten Oxide Gasochromism with Noble Metal Nanoparticles: The Importance of the Interface.

Crystalline tungsten trioxide (WO ) thin films covered by noble metal (gold and platinum) nanoparticles are synthesized via wet chemistry and used as optical sensors for gaseous hydrogen. Sensing performances are strongly influenced by the catalyst used, with platinum (Pt) resulting as best. Surprisingly, it is found that gold (Au) can provide remarkable sensing activity that tuned out to be strongly dependent on the nanoparticle size: devices sensitized with smaller nanoparticles display better H sensing performance.

Low-Power Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processing of Scalmalloy.

Among recently developed high-strength and lightweight alloys, the high-performance Scalmalloy certainly stands out for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) production. The primary goal of this study was to optimize the Scalmalloy LPBF process parameters by setting power values suitable for the use of lab-scale machines. Despite that these LPBF machines are commonly characterized by considerably lower maximum power values (around 100 W) compared to industrial-scale machines (up to 480 W), they are widely used when quick setup and short processing time are needed and a limited amount of powder is available.

Effects of Solvent and Electrospinning Parameters on the Morphology and Piezoelectric Properties of PVDF Nanofibrous Membrane.

PVDF electrospun membranes were prepared by employing different mixtures of solvents and diverse electrospinning parameters. A comprehensive investigation was carried out, including morphology, nanofiber diameter, crystallinity, β-phase fraction, and piezoelectric response under external mechanical strain. It was demonstrated that by using low-toxicity DMSO as the solvent, PVDF membranes with good morphology (bead-free, smooth surface, and uniform nanofiber) can be obtained.

Imaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma: Current and future practices.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Although intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma, several intraocular pressure independent factors have been associated with the risk of developing the disease and its progression. The diagnosis of glaucoma relies on clinical features of the optic nerve, visual field test, and optical coherence tomography.

Complex Rearrangement of the Entire Retinal Posterior Pole in Patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

There are consolidated data about multiple sclerosis (MS)-dependent retinal neurodegeneration occurring in the optic disk and the macula, although it is unclear whether other retinal regions are affected. Our objective is to evaluate, for the first time, the involvement of the entire retinal posterior pole in patients diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) unaffected by optic neuritis using Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). The study protocol was approved by Tor Vergata Hospital Institutional Ethics Committee (Approval number 107/16), and conforms to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

An Automatic on Top Analysis of Single Scan Tracks to Evaluate the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Building Parameters.

The production of dense samples produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is mainly determined by the choice of the best combination of construction parameters. Parameter optimization is the first step in the definition of an LPBF process for new alloys or systems. With this goal, much research uses the single scan track (SST) approach for a preliminary parameter screening.