Development and external validation of the SMASHERS risk prediction model for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in the general population: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (ASAH) is a severe stroke type, preventable by screening for intracranial aneurysms followed by treatment in high-risk individuals. We aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for ASAH in the general population to identify high-risk individuals.

Design: We used the population-based prospective cohort studies of the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank for model development and the Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study for model validation.

Insights into Chronic Low Back Pain Etiology: Population-based genome-wide Association Study Identifies 18 Risk Loci.

Study Design: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis with downstream analyses.

Objective: To explore the genetic architecture of chronic low back pain (cLBP) and identify underlying biological mechanisms that contribute to its development.

Summary Of Background Data: Chronic low back pain is prevalent and debilitating, with many cases having no identifiable biological cause.

Impact of individually tailored contrast medium on vascular attenuation in chest CT: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Individually tailored contrast medium (CM) may improve vascular image quality in chest computed tomography (CT).

Purpose: To evaluate vascular attenuation in chest CT by comparing CM dose calculations using lean body mass (LBM) and body surface area (BSA) with a fixed-dose protocol.

Material And Methods: Patients referred for contrast-enhanced chest CT were categorized as either normal, muscular, or overweight.

Image quality and radiation doses in abdominal CT: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To benchmark image quality and corresponding radiation doses for acute abdominal CT examination across different laboratories and CT manufacturers.

Method: An anthropomorphic phantom was scanned once with local abdominal CT protocols at 40 CT scanners, from four vendors, in thirty-three sites. Quantitative image quality was evaluated by CNR and SNR in the liver and kidney parenchyma.

Effectiveness of digital home rehabilitation and supervision for stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Stroke survivors often experience residual impairments and motor decline post-discharge. While digital home rehabilitation combined with supervision could be a promising approach for reducing human resources, increasing motor ability, and supporting rehabilitation persistence there is a lack of reviews synthesizing the effects. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the effect of digital home rehabilitation and supervision in improving motor ability of upper limb, static balance, stroke-related quality of life, and self-reported arm function among stroke survivors.

Virtual reality as a method of cognitive training of processing speed, working memory, and sustained attention in persons with acquired brain injury: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) often leads to persisting somatic, cognitive, and social impairments. Cognitive impairments of processing speed, sustained attention, and working memory are frequently reported and may negatively affect activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitation efforts aiming to retrain these cognitive functions have often consisted of computerized training programs.

The impact of body compositions on contrast medium enhancement in chest CT: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare a fixed-volume contrast medium (CM) protocol with a combined total body weight (TBW) and body composition-tailored protocol in chest CT.

Methods And Materials: Patients referred for routine contrast enhanced chest CT were prospectively categorised as normal, muscular or overweight. Patients were accordingly randomised into two groups; Group 1 received a fixed CM protocol.

Cluster Headache Genomewide Association Study and Meta-Analysis Identifies Eight Loci and Implicates Smoking as Causal Risk Factor.

Objective: The objective of this study was to aggregate data for the first genomewide association study meta-analysis of cluster headache, to identify genetic risk variants, and gain biological insights.

Methods: A total of 4,777 cases (3,348 men and 1,429 women) with clinically diagnosed cluster headache were recruited from 10 European and 1 East Asian cohorts. We first performed an inverse-variance genomewide association meta-analysis of 4,043 cases and 21,729 controls of European ancestry.

Demographic, Medical, and Clinical Characteristics of a Population-Based Sample of Patients With Long-lasting Locked-In Syndrome.

Background And Objectives: Patients with classic locked-in syndrome (LIS), typically caused by ventral pontine stroke, present with quadriplegia, mutism, intact consciousness, and communication skills limited to vertical gazing and/or blinking. Clinical presentations and definitions of differ, especially regarding incomplete LIS. In our study, we explored the functional diversity of LIS, its outcomes, and the complexity of its course along with variations in the location of lesions and their potential significance for outcomes.

The Influence of Genotype, DHA, and Flavanol Intervention on Brain DHA and Lipidomics Profile in Aged Transgenic Mice.

The apolipoprotein E4 () genotype is predictive of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain is highly enriched with the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA's metabolism is defective in carriers.

Individual supported work placements (ReISE) for improving sustained return to work in unemployed people with persistent pain: study protocol for a cohort randomised controlled trial with embedded economic and process evaluations.

Background: Around one-third of workdays lost in Norway are due to musculoskeletal conditions, with persistent (chronic) pain being the most frequent cause of sick leave and work disability. Increasing work participation for people with persistent pain improves their health, quality of life, and well-being and reduces poverty; however, it is not clear how to best help unemployed people who have persistent pain to return to work. The aim of this study is to examine if a matched work placement intervention featuring case manager support and work-focused healthcare improves return to work rates and quality of life for unemployed people in Norway with persistent pain who want to work.

Mortality and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in Patients With Suspected Sepsis: The Impact of Acute and Preexisting Organ Failures and Infection Likelihood.

Unlabelled: The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) was chosen in the definition of sepsis due to superior validity in predicting mortality. However, few studies have assessed the contributions of acute versus chronic organ failures to SOFA for mortality prediction.

Objectives: The main objective in this study was to assess the relative importance of chronic and acute organ failures in mortality prediction in patients with suspected sepsis at hospital admission.

Genetic Risk Score for Intracranial Aneurysms: Prediction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Role in Clinical Heterogeneity.

Background: Recently, common genetic risk factors for intracranial aneurysm (IA) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH) were found to explain a large amount of disease heritability and therefore have potential to be used for genetic risk prediction. We constructed a genetic risk score to (1) predict ASAH incidence and IA presence (combined set of unruptured IA and ASAH) and (2) assess its association with patient characteristics.

Methods: A genetic risk score incorporating genetic association data for IA and 17 traits related to IA (so-called metaGRS) was created using 1161 IA cases and 407 392 controls from the UK Biobank population study.

Improved image quality with deep learning reconstruction - a study on a semi-anthropomorphic upper-abdomen phantom.

Purpose: To assess image quality of a deep learning reconstruction (DLR) algorithm across dose levels using a semi-anthropomorphic upper-abdominal phantom, and compare with filtered back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR).

Material And Methods: CT scans obtained at five dose levels (CTDI 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mGy) were reconstructed with FBP, hybrid IR (IR50, IR70 and IR90) and DLR of low (DLL), medium (DLM) and high strength (DLH) in 0.625 mm and 2.

DHA-Enriched Fish Oil Ameliorates Deficits in Cognition Associated with Menopause and the Genotype in Rodents.

Female APOE4 carriers have a greater predisposition to developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to their male counterparts, which may partly be attributed to menopause. We previously reported that a combination of menopause and APOE4 led to an exacerbation of cognitive and neurological deficits, which were associated with reduced brain DHA and DHA:AA ratio. Here, we explored whether DHA-enriched fish oil (FO) supplementation mitigated the detrimental impact of these risk factors.

Iterative reconstruction improves image quality and reduces radiation dose in trauma protocols; A human cadaver study.

Background: Radiation-related cancer risk is an object of concern in CT of trauma patients, as these represent a young population. Different radiation reducing methods, including iterative reconstruction (IR), and spilt bolus techniques have been introduced in the recent years in different large scale trauma centers.

Purpose: To compare image quality in human cadaver exposed to thoracoabdominal computed tomography using IR and standard filtered back-projection (FBP) at different dose levels.

Genome-wide analysis identifies impaired axonogenesis in chronic overlapping pain conditions.

Chronic pain is often present at more than one anatomical location, leading to chronic overlapping pain conditions. Whether chronic overlapping pain conditions represent a distinct pathophysiology from the occurrence of pain at only one site is unknown. Using genome-wide approaches, we compared genetic determinants of chronic single-site versus multisite pain in the UK Biobank.

A genome-wide association study with 1,126,563 individuals identifies new risk loci for Alzheimer's disease.

Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent age-related polygenic disease that accounts for 50-70% of dementia cases. Currently, only a fraction of the genetic variants underlying Alzheimer's disease have been identified. Here we show that increased sample sizes allowed identification of seven previously unidentified genetic loci contributing to Alzheimer's disease.

Myelosuppression in patients treated with Lutetium-lilotomab satetraxetan can be predicted with absorbed dose to the red marrow as the only variable.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate dosimetry data and clinical variables to predict hematological toxicity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients treated with [Lutetium]Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan.

Material And Methods: A total of 17 patients treated with [Lu]Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan in a first-in-human phase 1/2a study were included. Absorbed dose to the red marrow was explored using SPECT/CT-imaging of the lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 over multiple time points.