The painful knee after total knee arthroplasty: evaluation and management.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the treatment of choice for end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. The aging of population and the need to maintain high quality of life have increased the demand for TKA. Although considered a successful procedure, 15-30% of patients presenting persistent pain.

Extensor mechanism realignment procedures in the treatment of patellofemoral instability.

Patellar instability is one of the most common conditions treated in the field of orthopedics. A diagnosis based on clinical and instrumental tests allows proper treatment planning. The techniques at the disposal of the surgeon - arthroscopic, arthroscopically-assisted and open - are numerous, and extensor mechanism realignment procedures are among the ones most frequently used.

Head-neck disassembly of an uncemented revision stem treated by addition of a proximal spacer.

A 67-year-old woman underwent revision total hip replacement with a long, distally fixed uncemented stem inserted through a transfemoral approach. Initial stability was not achieved and the stem subsided early. Probably due to a conflict with the minor trochanter, the prosthetic head detached from its neck.