Pea Seed Priming with Pluronic P85-Grafted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Affects Photosynthetic Gas Exchange but Not Photosynthetic Light Reactions.

Nanotechnology is rapidly advancing towards the development of applications for sustainable plant growth and photosynthesis optimization. The nanomaterial/plant interaction has been intensively investigated; however, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding their effect on crop seed development and photosynthetic performance. In the present work, we apply a priming procedure with 10 and 50 mg/L Pluronic-P85-grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (P85-SWCNT) on garden pea seeds and examine the germination, development, and photosynthetic activity of young seedlings grown on soil substrate.

The Boston criteria version 2.0 for cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a multicentre, retrospective, MRI-neuropathology diagnostic accuracy study.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an age-related small vessel disease, characterised pathologically by progressive deposition of amyloid β in the cerebrovascular wall. The Boston criteria are used worldwide for the in-vivo diagnosis of CAA but have not been updated since 2010, before the emergence of additional MRI markers. We report an international collaborative study aiming to update and externally validate the Boston diagnostic criteria across the full spectrum of clinical CAA presentations.

Physical and Chemical Characterisation of the Pigments of a 17th-Century Mural Painting in the Spanish Caribbean.

The arrival of Spaniards in the Caribbean islands introduced to the region the practice of applying pigments onto buildings. The pigments that remain on these buildings may provide data on their historical evolution and essential information for tackling restoration tasks. In this study, a 17th-century mural painting located in the Cathedral of Santo Domingo on the Hispaniola island of the Caribbean is characterised via UV-VIS-NIR, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and SEM/EDX.

Reactivity of Binary Construction and Demolition Waste Mix as Supplementary Cementitious Materials.

Calcareous and siliceous CDW wastes from concrete and glass wastes when mixed in binary mixtures has been analyzed in this study. Fine CDW fractions (<5 mm) of different sorts are selected: siliceous waste (HsT), calcareous waste (HcG) and laminated glass waste. The binary mixtures HsT/glass and HcG/glass at mix-proportions of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2, respectively, are analyzed with a range of characterization techniques (XRD, TG/DTA, SEM-EDX, NMR, FT-IR) in the pure pozzolan/lime system over a reaction time of 90 days.

Magneto-Primed Triticale Seeds Studied by Micro-Raman Spectra.

The spectroscopy technique of Micro-Raman is an appropriate method to investigate the microscopic structure of internally heterogeneous (i.e., composed of multiple layers) agro-food products.

Behaviour and Properties of Eco-Cement Pastes Elaborated with Recycled Concrete Powder from Construction and Demolition Wastes.

This work analyses the influence of fine concrete fractions (<5 mm) of different natures -calcareous (HcG) and siliceous (HsT)-obtained from construction and demolition waste (C&DW) on the behaviour of blended cement pastes with partial replacements between 5 and 10%. The two C&DW fractions were characterised by different instrumental techniques. Subsequently, their lime-fixing capacity and the physico-mechanical properties of the blended cement pastes were analysed.

White matter atrophy in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Objective: We postulated that cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with white matter atrophy (WMA) and that WMA can be related to cognitive changes in CAA.

Methods: White matter volume expressed as percent of intracranial volume (pWMV) of prospectively enrolled patients without dementia diagnosed with probable CAA was compared to age-matched healthy controls (HC) and patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Cognitive scores were also sought to understand the potential effects of WMA on cognitive function.

Perivascular Spaces Volume in Sporadic and Hereditary (Dutch-Type) Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Background and Purpose- Magnetic resonance imaging visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale (CSO-PVS) have been associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).We aimed to further confirm this link by evaluating CSO-PVS volume in pathologically-demonstrated sporadic and genetically-demonstrated hereditary forms of the disease. Methods- We studied a retrospective hospital-based cohort consisting of 63 individuals aged >55 having brain magnetic resonance imaging and pathological assessment of CAA (mean age, 73.

Cortical superficial siderosis multifocality in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A prospective study.

Objective: In order to explore the mechanisms of cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) multifocality and its clinical implications for recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) risk in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), we used a new rating method that we developed specifically to evaluate cSS extent at spatially separated foci.

Methods: Consecutive patients with CAA-related ICH according to Boston criteria from a single-center prospective cohort were analyzed. The new score that assesses cSS multifocality (total range 0-4) showed excellent interrater reliability (k = 0.

Hemorrhage recurrence risk factors in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: Comparative analysis of the overall small vessel disease severity score versus individual neuroimaging markers.

Introduction: An MRI-based score of total small vessel disease burden (CAA-SVD-Score) in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has been demonstrated to correlate with severity of pathologic changes. Evidence suggests that CAA-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recurrence risk is associated with specific disease imaging manifestations rather than overall severity. We compared the correlation between the CAA-SVD-Score with the risk of recurrent CAA-related lobar ICH versus the predictive role of each of its components.

Relationship between white matter connectivity loss and cortical thinning in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) show loss of white matter connectivity and cortical thinning on MRI, primarily in posterior brain regions. Here we examined whether a potential causal relationship exists between these markers of subcortical and cortical brain injury by examining whether changes in cortical thickness progress in tandem with changes in their underlying connections. Thirty-one patients with probable CAA with brain MRI at two time points were included (follow-up time: 1.

Durability of anti-graffiti coatings on stone: natural vs accelerated weathering.

Extending the use of novel anti-graffiti coatings to built heritage could be of particular interest providing the treatments are efficient enough in facilitating graffiti removal and long-lasting to maintain their protective properties without interfering with the durability of the substrates. However, studies of the durability of these coatings are scarce and have been mainly carried out under accelerated weathering conditions, the most common practice for assessing the durability of materials but one that does not reproduce accurately natural working conditions. The present study aimed to assess the durability of the anti-graffiti protection afforded by two anti-graffiti treatments (a water dispersion of polyurethane with a perfluoropolyether backbone and a water based crystalline micro wax) on Portland limestone and Woodkirk sandstone after 1 year of outdoor exposure in the South of England with periodic painting and cleaning episodes taking place.

MRI-visible perivascular spaces in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive arteriopathy.

Objective: To assess MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) burden and different topographical patterns (in the centrum semiovale [CSO] and basal ganglia [BG]) in 2 common microangiopathies: cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertensive arteriopathy (HA).

Methods: Consecutive patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) from a prospective MRI cohort were included. Small vessel disease MRI markers, including cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), were rated.

Evolution of cerebral microbleeds after cranial irradiation in medulloblastoma patients.

Objective: To characterize the temporal and spatial pattern of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) after cranial irradiation in patients with medulloblastoma.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with medulloblastoma treated with craniospinal irradiation at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 1999 and 2015. Longitudinal MRI including T2*-weighted gradient-recalled echo (GRE) sequences were reviewed, and the prevalence, spatial pattern, and risk factors associated with CMBs were characterized.

Cortical superficial siderosis predicts early recurrent lobar hemorrhage.

Objective: To identify predictors of early lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recurrence, defined as a new ICH within 6 months of the index event, in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

Methods: Participants were consecutive survivors (age ≥55 years) of spontaneous symptomatic probable or possible CAA-related lobar ICH according to the Boston criteria, drawn from an ongoing single-center cohort study. Neuroimaging markers ascertained in CT or MRI included focal (≤3 sulci) or disseminated (>3 sulci) cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), acute convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH), cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities burden and location, and baseline ICH volume.

Intracranial atherosclerosis and cerebral small vessel disease in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.

Background: The association between cerebral small vessel diseases (cSVD) and intracranial atherosclerosis is debated and conflicting results have been reported. We sought to investigate this association in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), due to severe cSVD.

Methods: Consecutive ICH patients were divided into those meeting criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and those with deep hypertensive ICH consistent with hypertensive cSVD (HTN-SVD).

Microbleeds on MRI are associated with microinfarcts on autopsy in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Objectives: To identify in vivo MRI markers that might correlate with cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) on autopsy in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

Methods: We included patients with neuropathologic evidence of CAA on autopsy and available antemortem brain MRI. Clinical characteristics and in vivo MRI markers of CAA-related small vessel disease were recorded, including white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, cortical superficial siderosis, and centrum semiovale perivascular spaces.

Fine Particulate Matter, Residential Proximity to Major Roads, and Markers of Small Vessel Disease in a Memory Study Population.

Background: Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with impaired cognitive function and vascular disease in older adults, but little is known about these associations among people with concerns about memory loss.

Objective: To examine associations between exposures to fine particulate matter and residential proximity to major roads and markers of small vessel disease.

Methods: From 2004-2010, 236 participants in the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Longitudinal Cohort participated in neuroimaging studies.

Cortical atrophy in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a case-control study.

Background: Loss of cortical grey matter is a diagnostic marker of many neurodegenerative diseases, and is a key mediator of cognitive impairment. We postulated that cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterised by cortical vascular amyloid deposits, is associated with cortical tissue loss independent of parenchymal Alzheimer's disease pathology. We tested this hypothesis in patients with hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type (HCHWA-D), a monogenetic disease with minimal or no concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology, as well as in patients with sporadic CAA and healthy and Alzheimer's disease controls.

Sorption of indium (III) onto carbon nanotubes.

Indium has numerous applications in different industrial sectors and is not an abundant element. Therefore appropriate technology to recover this element from various process wastes is needed. This research reports high adsorption capacity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for In(III).

Cognitive Profile and its Association with Neuroimaging Markers of Non-Demented Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Patients in a Stroke Unit.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is increasingly recognized as a cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly, but the cognitive profile in patients with the disease has not been well characterized.

Objective: To characterize the neuropsychological profile of CAA patients without dementia and to determine the association between cognitive performance in different domains and neuroimaging lesions characteristic of CAA.

Methods: Fifty-eight non-demented CAA patients were compared to 138 cognitively normal subjects using a standard neuropsychological test battery.

Cortical Superficial Siderosis in Memory Clinic Patients: Further Evidence for Underlying Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with many cases of spontaneous symptomatic lobar intracerebral haemorrhage in older individuals and is emerging as an important contributor to cognitive impairment. Cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) is an increasingly recognized haemorrhagic neuroimaging manifestation of CAA. We sought to investigate its prevalence and its association with underlying CAA among memory clinic patients.

White matter hyperintensity patterns in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive arteriopathy.

Objective: To identify different white matter hyperintensity (WMH) patterns between 2 hemorrhage-prone cerebral small vessel diseases (SVD): cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertensive arteriopathy (HA).

Methods: Consecutive patients with SVD-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) from a single-center prospective cohort were analyzed. Four predefined subcortical WMH patterns were compared between the CAA and HA groups.