Gene expression dynamics during temperature-dependent sex determination in a sea turtle.

Fifty years ago, researchers discovered a link between ambient temperature and the sex of turtle embryos. More recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the influence of temperature on freshwater turtles. However, our understanding of the key genetic factors in other turtle groups, such as sea turtles, remains limited.

Blood Serum Stimulates the Virulence Potential of Mucorales through Enhancement in Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism and Rhizoferrin Production.

This study analyzed the role of blood serum in enhancing the mitochondrial metabolism and virulence of Mucorales through rhizoferrin secretion. We observed that the spores of clinically relevant Mucorales produced in the presence of serum exhibited higher virulence in a heterologous infection model of . Cell-free supernatants of the culture broth obtained from spores produced in serum showed increased toxicity against , which was linked with the enhanced secretion of rhizoferrin.

Analysis of High-Risk Neuroblastoma Transcriptome Reveals Gene Co-Expression Signatures and Functional Features.

Neuroblastoma represents a neoplastic expansion of neural crest cells in the developing sympathetic nervous system and is childhood's most common extracranial solid tumor. The heterogeneity of gene expression in different types of cancer is well-documented, and genetic features of neuroblastoma have been described by classification, development stage, malignancy, and progression of tumors. Here, we aim to analyze RNA sequencing datasets, publicly available in the GDC data portal, of neuroblastoma tumor samples from various patients and compare them with normal adrenal gland tissue from the GTEx data portal to elucidate the gene expression profile and regulation networks they share.

Prognostic value of defining characteristics in frail elderly syndrome: Hospital readmission and mortality outcomes.

Objective: To identify the most relevant clinical characteristics of the nursing diagnosis frail elderly syndrome (FES) in hospitalized patients aged 65 or older and analyze their impact on 9-month mortality and hospital readmission.

Methods: A prospective and prognostic accuracy study was conducted in patients aged 65 or older, who were admitted to hospital more than 24 h. A consecutive convenience sampling process was used.

Impact of atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation on the risk of death, thromboembolic disease and bleeding in patients with COVID-19: the ACO-VID Registry.

Objective: To describe the clinical profile, risk of complications and impact of anticoagulation in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, according to the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, and observational study that consecutively included patients >55 years admitted with COVID-19 from March to October 2020. In AF patients, anticoagulation was chosen based on clinicians' judgment.

Lack of age-related mosaic loss of W chromosome in long-lived birds.

Females and males often exhibit different survival in nature, and it has been hypothesized that sex chromosomes may play a role in driving differential survival rates. For instance, the Y chromosome in mammals and the W chromosome in birds are often degenerated, with reduced numbers of genes, and loss of the Y chromosome in old men is associated with shorter life expectancy. However, mosaic loss of sex chromosomes has not been investigated in any non-human species.

Expression Evolution of Ancestral XY Gametologs across All Major Groups of Placental Mammals.

Placental mammals present 180 million-year-old Y chromosomes that have retained a handful of dosage-sensitive genes. However, the expression evolution of Y-linked genes across placental groups has remained largely unexplored. Here, we expanded the number of Y gametolog sequences by analyzing ten additional species from previously unexplored groups.

Viviparous Reptile Regarded to Have Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination Has Old XY Chromosomes.

The water skinks Eulamprus tympanum and Eulamprus heatwolei show thermally induced sex determination where elevated temperatures give rise to male offspring. Paradoxically, Eulamprus species reproduce in temperatures of 12-15 °C making them outliers when compared with reptiles that use temperature as a cue for sex determination. Moreover, these two species are among the very few viviparous reptiles reported to have thermally induced sex determination.

Early Detection Programmes for Child Hearing Loss in Spain: Current Practices.

Introduction And Objective: In 2003, The Ministry of Health and Consumption, together with the Autonomous Communities (CCAA), approved a minimum and basic document concerning the establishment of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention State Programmes. Since then, the Commission for the early detection of hearing loss (CODEPEH) has made several updates and recommendations to improve these programmes. The objective of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of how the CCAA established their Early Hearing Detection and Intervention programs and if they integrate the recommendations made by CODEPEH until 2017.

Optimization of production of xylanases with low cellulases in Fusarium solani by means of a solid state fermentation using statistical experimental design.

Demand for fungal xylanases in industrial biotechnological processes shows a clear increase worldwide, so there is an interest in adjusting the conditions of microbial xylanases production. In this study, the ability of the fungus Fusarium solani to produce extracellular xylanases with low cellulolytic activity was optimized by Box Wilson design. The best culture conditions were determined to obtain a crude enzyme preparation with significant xylanolytic activity and little cellulolytic activity.

Post-transcriptional regulation of Rad51c by miR-222 contributes cellular transformation.

DNA repair inhibition has been described as an essential event leading to the initiation of carcinogenesis. In a previous study, we observed that the exposure to metal mixture induces changes in the miR-nome of the cells that was correlated with the sub-expression of mRNA involved in processes and diseases associated with metal exposure. From this analysis, one of the miRNAs that shows changes in its expression is miR-222, which is overexpressed in various cancers associated with exposure to metals.

As-Cd-Pb Mixture Induces Cellular Transformation via Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Rad51c by miR-222.

Background/aims: Exposure to heavy metals is today a threat to society. The understanding of the molecular processes related to diseases related to exposure to metals mixture involve changes in the expression of microRNAs. Changes on microRNAs expression may alter several cellular processes, among them, DNA repair inhibition has been described as an essential event leading to the initiation of metal-induced carcinogenesis.

Deciphering Ancestral Sex Chromosome Turnovers Based on Analysis of Male Mutation Bias.

The age of sex chromosomes is commonly obtained by comparing the substitution rates of XY gametologs. Coupled with phylogenetic reconstructions, one can refine the origin of a sex chromosome system relative to specific speciation events. However, these approaches are insufficient to determine the presence and duration of ancestral sex chromosome systems that were lost in some species.

Delayed diagnosis of childhood deafness: the value of false negatives in the Programme for Early Detection of Neonatal Hearing Loss.

Introduction: Despite its importance, the existence of false negatives (patients who are told they hear well, but they have some degree of hipacusia) is rarely evaluated in programs for early detection of hearing loss. The aim of this study is to determine the variables that can lead to a delayed diagnosis, especially the existence of false negatives and the lack of registration of risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective study of prevalence has been carried out, in which the medical records of children diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss born within 2005 and 2012 in the health centers of study have been analyzed.

[Bacterium Arthrobacter agilis UMCV2 and diverse amines inhibit in vitro growth of wood-decay fungi].

The kingdom Fungi is represented by a large number of organisms, including pathogens that deteriorate the main structural components of wood, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The aim of our work was to characterize the antifungal activity in Arthrobacter agilis UMCV2 and diverse amines against wood-decaying fungi. Four fungal organisms (designated as UMTM) were isolated from decaying wood samples obtained from a forest in Cuanajo-Michoacán, México.

Selection and molecular identification of fungal isolates that produce xylanolytic enzymes.

Xylan is a heteropolysaccharide and its complete hydrolysis involves a complex set of xylanolytic enzymes. Fungal xylanases have been widely used in the holocellulose industry to obtain by-products or for its elimination. The aim of this study was to select and identify filamentous fungi from different ecosystems that produce extracellular xylanases showing biotechnological potential.

Absolute configuration of (13R)- and (13S)-labdane diterpenes coexisting in Ageratina jocotepecana.

Chemical investigation of the hexanes extracts of Ageratina jocotepecana afforded (-)-(5S,9S,10S,13S)-labd-7-en-15-oic acid (1), methyl (-)-(5S,9S,10S,13S)-labd-7-en-15-oate (2), (+)-(5S,8R,9R,10S,13R)-8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid (3), and (-)-(5S,9S,10S,13Z)-labda-7,13-dien-15-oic acid (5). The coexistence of (13R)- and (13S)-labdanes in this member of the Asteraceae family was demonstrated by vibration circular dichroism measurements of ester 2 and methyl (+)-(5S,8R,9R,10S,13R)-8-hydroxylabdan-15-oate (4) in comparison to the DFT B3LYP/DGDZVP-calculated spectra. In addition, transformation of 1 and 3 with HClO4 in MeOH yielded epimeric methyl (+)-(5S,10S,13S)-labd-8-en-15-oate (6) and methyl (+)-(5S,10S,13R)-labd-8-en-15-oate (7), respectively, confirming the presence of C-13 epimers in this plant.

Cassane diterpenes from Caesalpinia platyloba.

The dichloromethane extract from the leaves of Caesalpinia platyloba provided cassane diterpenes whose structures were determined as (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-acetoxyvouacapane (1), (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,12Z,14R)-6-acetoxycassa-12,15-diene (3), and (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,13E)-6-acetoxycassa-13,15-diene (4). Compound 1 was chemically correlated with (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-hydroxyvouacapane (2), (+)-(5S,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-oxovouacapane (5), and (+)-(5S,6S,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-acetoxyvouacapane (6), the last one previously isolated from Dipteryx lacunifera. The absolute configurations of all six diterpenes 1-6 were established by comparison of DFT calculated vibrational circular dicroism spectra of 1, 2 and 5 with those obtained experimentally.