Loss of sodium current caused by a Brugada syndrome-associated variant is determined by patient-specific genetic background.

Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac arrhythmogenic disease that predisposes patients to sudden cardiac death. It is associated with mutations in SCN5A, which encodes the cardiac sodium channel alpha subunit (Na1.5).

Generation of the induced pluripotent stem cell line ESi108-A from a familial atrial fibrillation patient.

Tissue-specific cells differentiated from patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are a relevant cellular model to study several diseases. We obtained a hiPSC line from skin fibroblasts of a patient affected by familial atrial fibrillation by nucleofection of non-integrating episomal vectors. The resulting hiPSC line displays a normal karyotype, expresses pluripotency surface markers and pluripotency genes, and differentiates into cells of the 3 germ layers.

Economic impact of the first pass effect in mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke treatment in Spain: a cost-effectiveness analysis from the national health system perspective.

Objective: The mechanical thrombectomy (MT) benefit is related to the degree of reperfusion achieved. First pass effect (FPE) is defined as complete/near revascularisation of the large-vessel occlusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2c-3) after a single device pass. This study assessed the health benefit and economic impact of achieving FPE for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients from the Spanish National Health System (NHS) perspective.

Generation of four induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a family harboring a single nucleotide variant in SCN5A.

Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are a valuable approach to model cardiovascular diseases. We nucleofected non-integrating episomal vectors in skin fibroblasts of three family members carrying a single nucleotide variant (SNV) in SCN5A, which encodes the cardiac-type sodium channel, and of a related healthy control. The SNV SCN5A_c.

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a healthy Caucasian male.

The effects of genetic mutations on protein function can be studied in a physiologically relevant environment using tissue-specific cells differentiated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). However, it is crucial to use iPSC derived from healthy individuals as control. We generated an iPS cell line from skin fibroblasts of a healthy Caucasian male by nucleofection of non-integrating episomal vectors.

Epigenetic Changes Governing Expression in Denervated Skeletal Muscle.

The gene encodes the α-subunit of the voltage-gated cardiac sodium channel (Na1.5), a key player in cardiac action potential depolarization. Genetic variants in protein-coding regions of the human have been largely associated with inherited cardiac arrhythmias.

Revision of the diagnostic characters of two morphologically similar snook species, Centropomus viridis and C. nigrescens (Carangiformes: Centropomidae).

Historically, the taxonomic identification of the two snook species, Centropomus viridis and C. nigrescens, has been challenging due to their morphological similarity and the inconsistency of the characters used for diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the morphologic, meristic, and morphometric characters currently being used to identify C.

An Variant Affects Both Cardiac-Type (Na1.5) and Brain-Type (Na1.1) Sodium Currents and Contributes to Complex Concomitant Brain and Cardiac Disorders.

Voltage-gated sodium (Na) channels are transmembrane proteins that initiate and propagate neuronal and cardiac action potentials. Na channel β subunits have been widely studied due to their modulatory role. Mice null for , which encodes Na β1 and β1b subunits, have defects in neuronal development and excitability, spontaneous generalized seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, and early mortality.

In vivo canine study of three different coatings applied to p64 flow-diverter stents: initial biocompatibility study.

Background: Flow-diverter stents (FDSs) have revolutionised the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. However, associated dual antiplatelet treatment is mandatory. We investigated the biocompatibility of three proprietary antithrombogenic coatings applied to FDSs.

Hydrophilic Stent Coating Inhibits Platelet Adhesion on Stent Surfaces: Initial Results In Vitro.

Background: Endovascular stents and flow diverter stents (FDS) have revolutionized the treatment of intradural aneurysms; however, the need for dual anti-platelet treatment (DAPT) limits their use and can cause additional issues. Therefore, there is a need to develop stent coatings that negate the need for DAPT.

Methods: Two different hydrophilic polymer coatings (HPC-I and HPC-II) were used to coat small nickel titanium plates to initially test the hydrophilic properties of these coatings when applied to nickel titanium.

Sodium channel current loss of function in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from a Brugada syndrome patient.

Brugada syndrome predisposes to sudden death due to disruption of normal cardiac ion channel function, yet our understanding of the underlying cellular mechanisms is incomplete. Commonly used heterologous expression models lack many characteristics of native cardiomyocytes and, in particular, the individual genetic background of a patient. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CM) may uncover cellular phenotypical characteristics not observed in heterologous models.

Endovascular treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: retrospective analysis of immediate and long-term results in 51 patients.

Purpose: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of increased intracranial pressure in the absence of any known causative factor. Sinus stenosis is common in these patients. Stenting of stenotic dural sinuses has gained popularity as a treatment option, since these stenoses may contribute to an obstruction of the venous return, and, thereby may contribute to IIH via an increase in venous sinus pressure.

Combined use of a pCONus and a Solitaire stent: Report of two cases.

Objective The aim of this study was to report our initial experience of the use of the pCONus neck protection device in conjunction with the Solitaire AB stent to assist in the endovascular management of complex intracranial aneurysms with arteries arising from both the neck and the dome of the aneurysm. Methods Two patients with unruptured aneurysms underwent elective endovascular management of their aneurysms, one arising from the middle cerebral artery bifurcation and one from the anterior communicating artery. Both aneurysms had vessels arising from the neck and dome of the aneurysm.

Endovascular treatment of acute internal carotid artery dissections: technical considerations, clinical and angiographic outcome.

Introduction: In acute internal carotid artery dissection (a-ICAD) with concomitant intracranial large vessel occlusion or haemodynamic impairment, the effectiveness of medical treatment is limited and endovascular therapy (EVT) can be considered. Feasibility, safety and outcome of EVT in a-ICAD are not well described yet.

Methods: From an institutional database, we retrospectively selected consecutive patients treated for a-ICAD between January 2007 and July 2015.

Use of flow diverters in the treatment of unruptured saccular aneurysms of the anterior cerebral artery.

Background: Few publications have dealt exclusively with the use of flow diverter stents for the treatment of aneurysms of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA).

Objective: To determine the efficacy of flow-diverting stents in the treatment of small, unruptured aneurysms of the ACA.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database of prospectively collected information for all patients treated with flow diversion for an unruptured saccular aneurysm of the ACA between September 2009 and July 2016.

The Medina Embolic Device: early clinical experience from a single center.

Objective: To report our initial experience with the Medina Embolic Device (MED) in unruptured intracranial aneurysms either as sole treatment or in conjunction with additional devices.

Methods: 15 consecutive patients (6 women, 9 men) with unruptured aneurysms were treated between September 2015 and April 2016. The aneurysm fundus measured at least 5 mm.

Direct carotid cavernous sinus fistulae: vessel reconstruction using flow-diverting implants.

Purpose: Retrospective evaluation of our experience with the use of flow diverters (FD) for the endovascular treatment of direct carotid-cavernous sinus fistulae (diCCF).

Methods: Between 2011 and 2015, 14 consecutive patients with 14 diCCF were treated with FD alone or in combination with other implants in a single institution.

Results: A total of 21 sessions were performed in 14 patients.

Stent Retriever Thrombectomy of Small Caliber Intracranial Vessels Using pREset LITE: Safety and Efficacy.

Purpose: Few devices are approved for thrombectomy of distal vessel branches, and clinical experience is limited. Here we report our experience with pREset LITE for thrombectomy of small intracranial vessels.

Methods: From an institutional database we selected consecutive patients treated with pREset LITE for an occlusion of small (≤ 2 mm), intracranial target vessels.

Oxygen availability strongly affects chronological lifespan and thermotolerance in batch cultures of .

Stationary-phase (SP) batch cultures of , in which growth has been arrested by carbon-source depletion, are widely applied to study chronological lifespan, quiescence and SP-associated robustness. Based on this type of experiments, typically performed under aerobic conditions, several roles of oxygen in aging have been proposed. However, SP in anaerobic yeast cultures has not been investigated in detail.

Use of chemostat cultures mimicking different phases of wine fermentations as a tool for quantitative physiological analysis.

Background: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most relevant yeast species conducting the alcoholic fermentation that takes place during winemaking. Although the physiology of this model organism has been extensively studied, systematic quantitative physiology studies of this yeast under winemaking conditions are still scarce, thus limiting the understanding of fermentative metabolism of wine yeast strains and the systematic description, modelling and prediction of fermentation processes. In this study, we implemented and validated the use of chemostat cultures as a tool to simulate different stages of a standard wine fermentation, thereby allowing to implement metabolic flux analyses describing the sequence of metabolic states of S.

New insights into the advantages of ammonium as a winemaking nutrient.

Nitrogen limitation is the most common cause for stuck or sluggish fermentation in winemaking, and it is usually dealt with by supplementing grape juice with either ammonium salts or organic nutrients. These practices have a direct impact on both fermentation kinetics and the sensorial features of the final product. The aim of this work is to provide a detailed characterization of yeast physiology in response to ammonium supplementation during alcoholic fermentation.

Metabolic flux analysis during the exponential growth phase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in wine fermentations.

As a consequence of the increase in global average temperature, grapes with the adequate phenolic and aromatic maturity tend to be overripe by the time of harvest, resulting in increased sugar concentrations and imbalanced C/N ratios in fermenting musts. This fact sets obvious additional hurdles in the challenge of obtaining wines with reduced alcohols levels, a new trend in consumer demands. It would therefore be interesting to understand Saccharomyces cerevisiae physiology during the fermentation of must with these altered characteristics.