RESUMEN Objective. The misuse of prescription psychotropic drugs is a major health problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe World Health Organization reported that tuberculosis remains on the list of the top ten threats to public health worldwide. Among the main causes is the limited effectiveness of treatments due to the emergence of resistant strains of . One of the main drug targets studied to combat is DNA gyrase, the only enzyme responsible for regulating DNA topology in this specie and considered essential in all bacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The cystic spinal dysraphism of the cervical and upper thoracic region (CDCT) accounts for only 3.9 to 8% of spina bifida cystica lesions. The presence of external cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is infrequent and very few authors have reported about surgical complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gangliogliomas are a relatively rare neoplasm with a major incidence in the pediatric population. As the temporal lobes are the most common site, patients usually present with seizures.
Case Report: We report the case of a 9-year-old child with an extensive suprasellar ganglioglioma presenting with a cerebral infarction due to direct compression of the medium cerebral artery.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in childhood is uncommon. Certain diseases predispose patients to CVST, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is considered a risk factor for developing thrombosis, which in turn is considered an extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. The use of prophylaxis in certain patients is a controversial topic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP), ischemia/hypoxia, metabolic impairment, neuronal damage, and astrocytic reaction. The aim of this study was to identify whether a metabolite profile revealing tissue responses according to the severity of hydrocephalus can be detected. The hyh mutant mouse used for this study exhibits 2 different forms of hydrocephalus, severe and moderate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There is no standardized endoscopic description of upper gastrointestinal [UGI] disease in Crohn's disease [CD]. We prospectively applied the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD [SES-CD] to the UGI tract as a planned sub-study of the multicentre prospective ImageKids study. We aimed to assess the utility of the UGI-SES-CD and its clinical significance in paediatric CD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
September 2017
Objectives: Data on the outcomes of children with perianal Crohn disease (pCD) are limited, although its presence is often used for justifying early use of biologics. We aimed to assess whether pCD in children is associated with more severe outcomes as found in adults.
Methods: Data were extracted from the ImageKids database, a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal cohort study.
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol
December 2014
Aims: Here, we tested the hypothesis that glial responses via the production of cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases, are correlated with the severity of congenital hydrocephalus in the hyh mouse model. We also searched for evidence of this association in human cases of primary hydrocephalus.
Methods: Hyh mice, which exhibit either severe or compensated long-lasting forms of hydrocephalus, were examined and compared with wild-type mice.
Residual giant-cystic craniopharyngiomas are amenable to intracavitary bleomycin treatment. Radiologic identification of potential cyst leaks is of paramount for treatment decisions. This report describes our experience in the use of intracystic Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced MR imaging to determine potential communications between the tumoral cysts and other intra-axial spaces in 4 pediatric patients with residual giant-cystic craniopharyngiomas in whom intracavitary bleomycin treatment was planned after the injection of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA dermal sinus is a congenital defect arising from a closure failure of the neural tube that results in different degrees of communication between the skin and the central nervous system. A dermal sinus can occur anywhere from the root of the nose to the conus medullaris, and the occipital location is the second most common. Dermal sinuses are often found in association with dermoid or epidermoid cysts and less frequently with teratomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfantile myofibromatosis, despite being considered a rare condition, is the most common fibrous tumour in infancy. It is characterised by the presence of benign fibroblastic-myofibroblastic lesions. It usually occurs in children under two years-old, but it can appear at any age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This article aims to show the imaging characteristics of pediatric adrenocortical tumors.
Material And Methods: We review the imaging and histological findings in patients diagnosed with pediatric adrenocortical tumors at our tertiary hospital between 2000 and 2010. We analyze the findings at ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging that can help orient the diagnosis toward benign or malignant lesions and guide imaging follow-up.
Radiotherapy forms part of most therapeutic, preventive, and conditioning regimens in pediatric oncology. Numerous late secondary effects of cranial radiation are well known. However, radiation-induced cavernous angiomas (RICA) have been reported only sporadically and even fewer cases of earlier presentation of RICA have been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe middle aortic syndrome (MAS) is caused by stenosis of the abdominal aorta, often accompanied by concomitant stenosis of the renal or visceral arteries. Although MAS is uncommon (0.5-2%), it is an important cause of hypertension in children and adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To show the main findings for anaplastic ependymoma on MRI.
Material And Methods: We reviewed all patients diagnosed with anaplastic ependymoma at our tertiary hospital during a six-year period. We recorded the MRI findings for this type of tumor (on conventional sequences following the protocol for the study of CNS tumors, diffusion-weighted imaging, contrast-enhanced sequences, and MR spectroscopy).
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant CNS tumor in children. Although all medulloblastomas are classified as grade IV lesions, the wide histological and molecular variation among these tumors means that the risk and prognosis involved also vary widely. Imaging studies are important not only because the initial diagnostic evaluation indicates what type of surgery will be performed and has prognostic value, but also because it influences the postoperative treatment approach, providing, among other details, information about the dissemination of disease and remnants of the tumor after surgery, which are both risk factors in medulloblastomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe main objective of this paper is to highlight the numerous conflicts enters the consciousness and the laws are becoming more frequent health professionals in daily clinical practice. Clarify and define concepts such as ″conscientious objection for health professionals, to avoid confusion with other terms. This is work that aims to address the objection of conscience, not from the law but from the ethics and deontology, reviewing existing regulations both internationally and nationally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Spondylodiscitis is an uncommon disease in children. It is often misdiagnosed or the diagnosis is made late in the course of illness.
Objectives: To review the clinical, analytical and radiological characteristics of children with spondylodiscitis in the Materno-Infantil Hospital of Malaga.