Planetary Health Diet and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Cohort.

Background/objectives: Noncommunicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD), represent a significant global public health challenge, with unhealthy diets as a major risk factor. This study investigates the association between adherence to the Planetary Health Diet proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission and CVD risk.

Methods: Utilizing data from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort, which included 18,656 participants (mean age 38 years; 61% women), we assessed dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire and the Planetary Health Diet Index to evaluate adherence (range 0-42).

Analysis of User-Generated Posts on Social Media of Adjuvant Analgesics: A Machine Learning Study.

Antiepileptics and antidepressants are frequently prescribed for chronic pain, but their efficacy and potential adverse effects raise concerns, including dependency issues. Increased prescriptions, sometimes fraudulent, prompted reclassification of antiepileptics in some countries. Our aim is to comprehend opinions, perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes towards co-analgesics from online discussions on X (formerly known as Twitter), offering insights closer to reality than conventional surveys.

Effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention on cystatin C-based kidney function in adults with overweight and obesity: From the PREDIMED-Plus trial.

Background: Large-scale trials evaluating a multicomponent lifestyle intervention aimed at weight loss on kidney function are lacking.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the "PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea-Plus" (PREDIMED-Plus) randomized controlled trial, including patients with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, measured cystatin C and creatinine. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention (intervention group [IG]) consisting of an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), physical activity promotion and behavioral support, or a control group (CG) receiving ad libitum MedDiet recommendations.

Major abnormalities of the electrocardiogram and cardiovascular risk in a medium and high-risk Mediterranean population.

Introduction: Major electrocardiogram abnormalities (MECG) are common in middle-aged and older individuals and could be an important factor in predicting cardiovascular events.

Objective: To analyse the association between MECG (Minnesota classification) and CVE independently of classic cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), and to assess whether they improve the prediction according to the Spanish Coronary Event Risk Function (FRESCO).

Method: 1.

Differential diagnosis and comparison of diagnostic algorithms in children and adolescents with autoimmune encephalitis in Spain: a prospective cohort study and retrospective analysis.

Background: The usefulness of current diagnostic approaches in children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis is unknown. We aimed to assess the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in clinical practice and to compare the performance of two international diagnostic algorithms (one intended for patients of any age [general], the other intended for paediatric patients), with particular emphasis on the evaluation of patients with probable antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis because this diagnosis suggests that immunotherapy should be continued or escalated but is difficult to establish.

Methods: We did a prospective cohort study that included all patients (<18 years of age) with suspected autoimmune encephalitis recruited at 40 hospitals in Spain whose physicians provided clinical information every 6 months for 2 years or more.

Sphingolipid profiling as a biomarker of type 2 diabetes risk: evidence from the MIDUS and PREDIMED studies.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a worldwide pandemic. While ceramides may serve as intermediary between obesity-related lipotoxicity and T2D, the relationship with simple glycosphingolipids remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to characterize the associations between blood glycosphingolipid and ceramide species with T2D and to identify a circulating sphingolipid profile that could serve as novel biomarker for T2D risk.

Urinary tartaric acid as a biomarker of wine consumption and cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.

Background And Aims: Moderate wine consumption has been associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in older populations. However, wine consumption information through self-reports is prone to measurement errors inherent to subjective assessments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between urinary tartaric acid, an objective biomarker of wine consumption, and the rate of a composite clinical CVD event.

Pre-Pregnancy Provegetarian Food Pattern and the Risk of Developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Cohort Study.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical conditions in pregnancy, with adverse effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Evidence suggests a beneficial effect of plant-based dietary patterns, rich in foods derived from plant sources and low in animal foods, on type 2 diabetes; however, their effects on GDM remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between pre-pregnancy provegetarian food patterns and the incidence of GDM in a Spanish cohort.

Dietary patterns and asthma incidence in adult population. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the association between a healthy dietary pattern and adult-onset asthma following the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were RCT or cohort studies evaluating a dietary pattern and their association with asthma incidence in adults. We searched two databases, Medline (PubMed) and ISI Web of Science until November 2023.

[Diagnostic comparison of bedside lung ultrasound and chest radiography in the intensive care unit].

Background: Bedside lung ultrasound (POCUS) offers advantages over chest X-ray, including better cost-effectiveness for diagnosing certain pulmonary pathologies. This study compares the diagnostic concordance between portable chest X-rays and bedside lung ultrasounds in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: Adult ICU patients were included.

Effect of a Multifactorial Weight Loss Intervention on HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Immunosenescence: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Life expectancy and obesity prevalence are increasing worldwide, leading to an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality and immunosenescence play key roles in cardiovascular disease, longevity, and quality of aging. Both molecular hallmarks of aging are impacted by obesity and metabolic syndrome and can be modulated by lifestyle.

Association between provegetarian food patterns and micronutrient adequacy in preschoolers: the SENDO project.

Unlabelled: This study aims to examine the association between different versions of a provegetarian food pattern and micronutrient adequacy in a population of children from the SENDO Project. Children aged 4-5 years old were recruited and baseline information on diet, lifestyle and socio-demographic characteristics was collected through self-administered online questionnaires completed by their parents. Scores were calculated for overall, healthful, and unhealthful provegetarian food patterns (FP) using an a priori approach.

Biomarkers of atrial fibrillation-related pathways and left atrial structure and function in an overweight and obese population.

Background: Exploring longitudinal associations of blood biomarkers with left atrial (LA) structure and function can enhance our understanding of atrial fibrillation (AF) etiopathogenesis.

Methods: We studied 532 participants of the PREDIMED-Plus trial, a multicenter randomized trial in overweight and obese adults with metabolic syndrome. At baseline, 3 and 5 years after randomization, participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography and provided blood for serum biomarker measurements [propeptide of procollagen type I (PICP), high-sensitivity (hs) troponin T (hsTnT), hs C-reactive protein (hsCRP), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and N-terminal propeptide of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)].

PyCI: A Python-scriptable library for arbitrary determinant CI.

PyCI is a free and open-source Python library for setting up and running arbitrary determinant-driven configuration interaction (CI) computations, as well as their generalizations to cases where the coefficients of the determinant are nonlinear functions of optimizable parameters. PyCI also includes functionality for computing the residual correlation energy, along with the ability to compute spin-polarized one- and two-electron (transition) reduced density matrices. PyCI was originally intended to replace the ab initio quantum chemistry functionality in the HORTON library but emerged as a standalone research tool, primarily intended to aid in method development, while maintaining high performance so that it is suitable for practical calculations.

Predicted vitamin D levels and risk of depression in the SUN Project: A prospective cohort study.

The current study aimed to investigate the association between predicted vitamin D status and depression in a prospective Spanish cohort of university graduates. The SUN Project is a dynamic cohort study designed to investigate multiple aspects of health and lifestyle. Participants were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire consisting of 556 items, that included a validated food-frequency questionnaire.

Mediterranean Diet Modulation of Neuroinflammation-Related Genes in Elderly Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Individuals with dementia and neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) often suffer from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Neuroinflammation driven by conditions involved in CVDs is linked to disruptions in the central nervous system triggering immune reactions, perpetuating an "inflammatory-like" environment. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has been proposed as a key factor to attenuate these risks.

Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score and breast cancer: a prospective evaluation in the SUN project.

An association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and breast cancer risk has been reported. This association can be potentially explained by alteration of the insulin/IGF system. Therefore, we aimed to prospectively investigate whether a previously reported Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score (DDS) inversely associated with T2D was also associated with breast cancer risk in the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") cohort.

ECMO in severe hypoxemia post liver transplant for hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) poses a significant challenge in liver transplant patients, affecting between 10% and 30% of candidates. Historically, HPS was considered a contraindication for liver transplantation due to its association with high mortality rates. However, recent studies have shown improvements in pulmonary function post-transplant, leading to the inclusion of these patients as candidates.

Objectively Measured Sleep Duration and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A One-Year Longitudinal Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

The aim of our cross-sectional and longitudinal study is to assess the relationship between daytime and night-time sleep duration and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with metabolic syndrome after a 1-year healthy lifestyle intervention. Analysis of the data from 2119 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years from the PREDIMED-Plus study was performed. Sleep duration was assessed using a wrist-worn accelerometer.

Meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes: an individual-participant federated meta-analysis of 1·97 million adults with 100 000 incident cases from 31 cohorts in 20 countries.

Background: Meat consumption could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, evidence is largely based on studies of European and North American populations, with heterogeneous analysis strategies and a greater focus on red meat than on poultry. We aimed to investigate the associations of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with type 2 diabetes using data from worldwide cohorts and harmonised analytical approaches.

Macronutrient quality and its association with micronutrient adequacy in children.

Background & Aims: The double burden of malnutrition compels us to reconsider macronutrients from a diet quality perspective. The Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) has been designed to reflect overall macronutrient quality and is based on three sub-indexes: the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), the healthy plate protein quality index (HPPQI) and the fat quality index (FQI). Nutritional adequacy is an essential aspect of diet quality that should be captured by reliable dietary indexes.