When narratives speak louder than numbers: the effects of narrative persuasion across the stages of behavioural change to reduce air pollution.

Is narrative persuasion effective when promoting new behaviours in favour of the environment? Does this effectiveness vary depending on whether individuals are already thinking about changing? This paper has two main objectives: (1) to explore how individuals at different stages of the behavioural change process perceive air pollution, focussing on the perceived psychological distance of its environmental risks (Study 1); and (2) to test whether the effects of presenting the risks of air pollution in a narrative vs. statistical format on pro-environmental intentions vary depending on the individuals' stage of behavioural change (Study 2). Study 1 ( = 263) is based on a survey measuring individuals' perceived psychological distance of the environmental risks of air pollution, and the perceived effectiveness of different pro-environmental behaviours.

The role of perceived legitimacy in understanding traffic rule compliance: A scoping review.

Background: Perceived legitimacy associated with rules and authorities is an important element for understanding and encouraging compliance with rules in the field of road safety, often more so than with a deterrence approach. Despite a growing interest in legitimacy in recent decades and in the psychological field in particular, its definitions and measurements appear to be heterogeneous, subject to debate and in need of a common theoretical framework. Therefore, one can expect these limitations to also concern the definitions and measurements of legitimacy in the field of road safety.

When the model fits the frame: the impact of regulatory fit on efficacy appraisal and persuasion in health communication.

In health-promotional campaigns, positive and negative role models can be deployed to illustrate the benefits or costs of certain behaviors. The main purpose of this article is to investigate why, how, and when exposure to role models strengthens the persuasiveness of a message, according to regulatory fit theory. We argue that exposure to a positive versus a negative model activates individuals' goals toward promotion rather than prevention.

Reports of wins and risk taking: an investigation of the mediating effect of the illusion of control.

Two experiments examined the relationships between the knowledge that another person has won in a gamble, the illusion of control and risk taking. Participants played a computer-simulated French roulette game individually. Before playing, some participants learnt that another person won a large amount of money.

Time under control: time perspective and desire for control in substance use.

Objective: To investigate the role of time perspective and desire for control in self-reported substance use and to test for a moderating effect of desire for control in the relation between time perspective and substance use.

Procedure: A random sample of 240 persons, aged 15 years and over, selected in various public spaces in an urban region in central France.

Main Outcome Measures: Time perspective was measured using subscales of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI, Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999), Desire for control was measured using a translated version of the Desire for Control Scale (DCS, Burger & Cooper, 1979), and substance use was self-reported.

RAPID'Salmonella chromogenic medium. Performance Tested Method 050701.

RAPID'Salmonella is a chromogenic medium for isolation and detection of Salmonella spp. in food, based on two enzymatic activities. All presumptive Salmonella-positive colonies are magenta, including lactose-positive Salmonella.

Active involvement, not illusory control, increases risk taking in a gambling game.

The research considers the influence of choice (the possibility for the player to choose a gamble or another) and involvement (the physical interaction with the gambling device) on risk taking in gambling games and whether this influence is mediated by illusory control over the outcome of the gamble. Results of a laboratory experiment (n = 100) show that (a) although choice does increase illusory control, this influence does not translate in increased risk taking, and (b) whilst involvement does increase risk taking, this effect is not mediated by illusory control. These results are discussed in relation to problem gambling, beliefs in the deployability of personal luck, and arousal approaches to risk taking.

Validation of RAPID E. coli 2 for enumeration and differentiation of Escherichia coli and other coliform bacteria in selected foods--Performance-Tested Method 050601.

RAPID'E. coli 2 agar (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA) is a chromogenic medium for differentiation and enumeration of E. coli and non-E.