Does transient cART started during primary HIV infection undermine the long-term immunologic and virologic response on cART resumption?

Background: We explored the impact of transient cART started during the primary HIV-infection (PHI) on the long-term immunologic and virologic response on cART resumption, by comparison with treatment initiation during the chronic phase of HIV infection (CHI).

Methods: We analyzed data on 1450 patients enrolled during PHI in the ANRS PRIMO cohort between 1996 and 2013. "Treatment resumption" was defined as at least 3 months of resumed treatment following interruption of at least 1 month of treatment initiated during PHI.

Early loss of bone mineral density is correlated with a gain of fat mass in patients starting a protease inhibitor containing regimen: the prospective Lipotrip study.

Background: HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) experience deep and early disorders in fat and bone metabolism, leading to concomitant changes in fat mass and bone mineral density.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study in treatment-naive HIV-infected patients randomized to receive two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in combination with either a protease inhibitor (PI) or a non-nucleosidic reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), to evaluate early changes in body composition, bone mineral density and metabolic markers as differentially induced by antiretroviral therapies. We measured changes in markers of carbohydrate, of fat and bone metabolism, and, using dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), body composition and bone mineral density (BMD).

Longitudinal study of body composition of 101 HIV men with lipodystrophy: dual-energy X-ray criteria for lipodystrophy evolution.

The aim of this study was to define evolution profiles of body composition among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men with lipodystrophy. The design is a retrospective analysis using observational data collected longitudinally. We included 101 HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy managed in routine practice and who had 2 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans within a minimum interval of 18 mo.

Prospective study of rituximab in chemotherapy-dependent human immunodeficiency virus associated multicentric Castleman's disease: ANRS 117 CastlemaB Trial.

Purpose: Single-agent chemotherapy is usually effective in HIV-associated multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). However, in most patients, chemotherapy cannot be discontinued.

Patients And Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of four weekly rituximab infusions (375 mg/m(2)) after discontinuation of chemotherapy in HIV-associated MCD, 24 patients were enrolled onto a prospective open-label trial.

Effects of discontinuing stavudine or protease inhibitor therapy on human immunodeficiency virus-related fat redistribution evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Study Objective: To determine whether discontinuation of stavudine or protease inhibitor therapy improves human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related fat distribution in men.

Design: Observational, retrospective study consisting of a cross-sectional (part 1) and a longitudinal (part 2) study.

Data Source: Medical records from Purpan University Hospital and La Grave University Hospital, Toulouse, France.

Persistence of distinct HIV-1 populations in blood monocytes and naive and memory CD4 T cells during prolonged suppressive HAART.

Objective: Reservoirs of HIV-1 are a major obstacle to virus eradication. There is therefore a need to clearly understand the molecular nature of the virus populations that persist in patients with sustained suppression of plasma viraemia on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Design: We performed a detailed analysis of the genotypes of HIV-1 quasispecies isolated from highly purified blood cell types taken from three selected patients with sustained undetectable viral loads on HAART for 7 years.

Virological and immunological effects of salvage therapy following treatment interruption and a shift in HIV-1 resistance genotype.

The circulating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) population of patients in whom many prior therapy regimens have failed often undergo a shift from a drug-resistant virus to a wild-type virus following interruption of treatment. This study analyses the virological and immunological effects of salvage therapy following treatment interruption and a shift from a drug-resistance genotype. Twenty-one HIV-1 infected patients who had genotype reversion by population-based sequencing after 3 months of treatment interruption were given a new salvage regimen consisting of 3-5 drugs selected according to their treatment history.