Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex 2, Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis C and associated factors among a cohort of men ages 18-70 years from three countries.

Objectives: To estimate the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), herpes simplex type-2 (HSV2), hepatitis C (HCV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and nine human papilloma virus (HPV) types, and investigated factors associated with the seropositivity among men from three countries (Brazil, Mexico and U.S).

Methods: Archived serum specimens collected at enrollment for n = 600 men were tested for antibodies against CT, HSV2, HCV, EBV, and 9-valent HPV vaccine types (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) using multiplex serologic assays.

Serological and hematological characteristics of Sjogren's syndrome and dry eye syndrome patients using a novel immune serology technique.

Objectives: To compare hematologic and serological parameters among patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS), dry eye syndrome (DES) and controls, and validate a novel multiplex-serology method for identifying auto-antibodies in these populations.

Methods: In a clinic-based case-control study a total of 422 participants were recruited, including 91 with SS, 120 DES, and 211 controls (age and sex frequency-matched). We measured blood counts, anti-nuclear-antibodies (ANA), anti-SSA/SSB, anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP), anti-double-stranded-DNA (DS-DNA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) using the "Immunodot" qualitative-ELISA assay.

Comparison of a VLP-based and GST-L1-based multiplex immunoassay to detect vaccine-induced HPV-specific antibodies in first-void urine.

Vaccine-induced human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies originating from cervicovaginal secretions were recently shown to be detectable in first-void (FV) urine. This presents a novel opportunity for noninvasive sampling to monitor HPV antibody status in women participating in large epidemiological studies and HPV vaccine trials. With a view towards method optimization, this study compared the measurement of HPV antibodies in FV urine using a multiplex L1/L2 virus-like particles (VLP)-based ELISA (M4ELISA) with previously reported results using a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-L1-based immunoassay (GST-L1-MIA).

First-void urine as a non-invasive liquid biopsy source to detect vaccine-induced human papillomavirus antibodies originating from cervicovaginal secretions.

Background: Monitoring HPV antibodies non-invasively would be a major advantage for large epidemiological studies and follow-up of vaccinees.

Objectives: This study investigated the presence of HPV-specific antibody transudates from systemic circulation in first-void urine of (un)vaccinated subjects and the agreement with paired sera.

Study Design: In this case-control study, 55 paired first-void urine and serum samples were included from 19- to 26-year-old women, unvaccinated (n = 19) or vaccinated (n = 36) with the bi- or quadrivalent HPV vaccine during adolescence (NCT02714114).

Two-dose recommendation for Human Papillomavirus vaccine can be extended up to 18 years - updated evidence from Indian follow-up cohort study.

Earlier publication from the ongoing multi-centric study of the International Agency for Research on Cancer to evaluate less than three doses of the quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in India amongst unmarried girls demonstrated non-inferior total antibody titres, neutralizing antibody titres and antibody avidity in 2-dose recipients compared to 3-dose recipients at 15-18 years of age (Bhatla et al., 2018) [7]. The number of participants recruited at 15-18 years of age was 1515 and 1795 in the 3-dose and the 2-dose groups respectively.

Differences in Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence between ethnic groups cannot be fully explained by socioeconomic status, sexual healthcare seeking behavior or sexual risk behavior: a cross-sectional analysis in the HEalthy LIfe in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study.

Background: In the Netherlands, there are strong disparities in Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) prevalence between ethnic groups. The current study aims to identify whether socioeconomic status, sexual risk behavior and sexual healthcare seeking behavior may explain differences in CT seroprevalence between ethnic groups.

Methods: We used 2011-2014 baseline data of the HELIUS (HEalthy LIfe in an Urban Setting) study, a multi-ethnic population-based cohort study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, including participants from Dutch, African Surinamese, South-Asian Surinamese, Ghanaian, Moroccan and Turkish origin.

Immunoprofiling of Chlamydia trachomatis using whole-proteome microarrays generated by on-chip in situ expression.

Using Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) as a complex model organism, we describe a method to generate bacterial whole-proteome microarrays using cell-free, on-chip protein expression. Expression constructs were generated by two successive PCRs directly from bacterial genomic DNA. Bacterial proteins expressed on microarrays display antigenic epitopes, thereby providing an efficient method for immunoprofiling of patients and allowing de novo identification of disease-related serum antibodies.

Are two doses of human papillomavirus vaccine sufficient for girls aged 15-18 years? Results from a cohort study in India.

Extending two-dose recommendations of HPV vaccine to girls between 15 and 18 years will reduce program cost and improve compliance. Immunogenicity and vaccine targeted HPV infection outcomes were compared between 1795 girls aged 15-18 years receiving two (1-180 days) and 1515 girls of same age receiving three (1-60-180 days) doses. Immunogenicity outcomes in 15-18 year old two-dose recipients were also compared with the 10-14 year old three-dose (N = 2833) and two-dose (N = 3184) recipients.

Serologic markers of viral infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled study of three prospective cohorts in China and Singapore.

Incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and distributions of certain viruses differ between East Asian and Western populations. There are limited data on associations between serologic markers of multiple viral infections in pre-diagnostic blood and NHL risk in East Asians. We conducted a nested case-control study of 214 NHL cases and 214 matched controls from three population-based prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore.

Prospective evaluation of antibody response to Streptococcus gallolyticus and risk of colorectal cancer.

The gut microbiome is increasingly implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. A subgroup of patients diagnosed with CRC show high antibody responses to Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG). However, it is unclear whether the association is also present pre-diagnostically.

Helicobacter pylori serological biomarkers of gastric cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control Study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main risk factors for non-cardia gastric cancer. However, only a minority of infected persons develop the disease. This study aims at identifying H.

Serology of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus and its association with colorectal cancer and precursors.

Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) is potentially associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursors. A previous case-control study measured antibody responses to SGG pilus proteins Gallo2178 and Gallo2179 and identified significant associations with a small fraction of CRC cases. We aimed at replicating and expanding these findings in an independent study including additional SGG antigens and explored the association with precancerous lesions.

Kinetics of the Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Antibody Response Prior to Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Background: In a European cohort, it was previously reported that 35% of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients were human papillomavirus type-16 (HPV16) seropositive up to 10 years before diagnosis vs 0.6% of cancer-free controls. Here, we describe the kinetics of HPV16-E6 antibodies prior to OPC diagnosis.

Prospective Study of Human Polyomaviruses and Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the United States.

Background: Merkel cell polyomavirus (PyV) is causally related to Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare skin malignancy. Little is known about the serostability of other PyVs over time or associations with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: As part of a U.

Human polyomaviruses and incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the New Hampshire skin cancer study.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is a malignancy arising from epithelial keratinocytes. Experimental and epidemiologic evidence raise the possibility that human polyomaviruses (PyV) may be associated with the occurrence of SCC. To investigate whether the risk for SCC was associated with PyV infection, seropositivity to 10 PyV types was assessed following diagnosis in a population-based case-control study conducted in the United States.

Seroepidemiology of Human Polyomaviruses in a US Population.

Polyomaviruses (PyV) are potentially tumorigenic in humans. However, limited data exist on the population seroprevalence of PyVs and individual characteristics that relate to seropositivity. Using multiplex serology, we determined the seroprevalence of 10 human PyVs (BK, JC, KI, WU, MCV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSV, HPyV9, and HPyV10) among controls from a population-based skin cancer case-control study (n = 460) conducted in New Hampshire between 1993 and 1995.

Immunogenicity and HPV infection after one, two, and three doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in girls in India: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: An increase in worldwide HPV vaccination could be facilitated if fewer than three doses of vaccine are as effective as three doses. We originally aimed to compare the immunogenicity and frequency of persistent infection and cervical precancerous lesions caused by vaccine-targeted HPV after vaccination with two doses of quadrivalent vaccine on days 1 and 180 or later, with three doses on days 1, 60, and 180 or later, in a cluster-randomised trial. Suspension of the recruitment and vaccination due to events unrelated to our study meant that some enrolled girls could not be vaccinated and some vaccinated girls received fewer than the planned number of vaccinations by default.

Association of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus with colorectal cancer: Serological evidence.

The colonic opportunist Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) is potentially associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Large-scale seroepidemiological data for SGG antibodies and their possible association with CRC is currently missing. Associations between CRC and antibody responses to SGG were examined in 576 CRC cases and 576 controls matched by sex, age and province from a population-based multicase-control project (MCC-Spain).

Human papillomavirus antibodies and future risk of anogenital cancer: a nested case-control study in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study.

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) causes cancer at several anatomic sites. In the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition study, HPV16 E6 seropositivity was present more than 10 years before oropharyngeal cancer diagnosis and was nearly absent in controls. The current study sought to evaluate the extent to which HPV16 E6 antibodies are present before diagnosis of anogenital cancers within the same cohort.

Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Antibodies in Individuals without Diagnosed Cancer: A Pooled Analysis.

Background: The increasing incidence of oropharyngeal cancer in many developed countries has been attributed to human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infections. Recently, HPV16 E6 serology has been identified as a promising early marker for oropharyngeal cancer. Therefore, characterization of HPV16 E6 seropositivity among individuals without cancer is warranted.

Prediagnostic circulating polyomavirus antibody levels and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: Three human polyomaviruses have been classified as probable (Merkel cell polyomavirus) or possible (BK and JC polyomaviruses) carcinogens, but few epidemiologic studies have examined associations between this growing class of viruses and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: Associations between polyomavirus antibodies and NHL incidence were examined using data from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study-II. This nested case-control study included 279 NHL cases and 557 controls.

The glycome of normal and malignant plasma cells.

The glycome, i.e. the cellular repertoire of glycan structures, contributes to important functions such as adhesion and intercellular communication.

Differentially regulated expression of 9-O-acetyl GD3 (CD60b) and 7-O-acetyl-GD3 (CD60c) during differentiation and maturation of human T and B lymphocytes.

GD3 (CD60a) and its 9-O-acetylated variant (CD60b) are intracellular regulators of apoptosis in T lymphocytes. Surface expressed 9-O-acetyl- and 7-O-acetyl-GD3 (CD60b and CD60c) may have a functional impact on activated T and B cells. In order to investigate the balance between surface and intracellular expression and synthesis and degradation of these glycosphingolipids in human lymphocytes of various differentiation stages, we analyzed (i) expression of GD3 molecules on native T and B cells and thymocytes by flow cytometry and (ii) activity and regulation of possible key enzymes for CD60a,b,c synthesis and degradation at the transcriptional level.

Transcriptional regulation of the vascular endothelial glycome by angiogenic and inflammatory signalling.

Vascular endothelial cells undergo many molecular changes during pathological processes such as inflammation and tumour development. Tumours such as malignant lymphomas affecting bone marrow are dependent on interactions with endothelial cells for (1) site-specific homing and (2) tumour-induced angiogenesis. Modifications in glycosylation are responsible for fine-tuning of distinct endothelial surface receptors.

Involvement of alpha 1-2-fucosyltransferase I (FUT1) and surface-expressed Lewis(y) (CD174) in first endothelial cell-cell contacts during angiogenesis.

During the initiation of tumor associated angiogenesis endothelial cells migrate, adhere to extracellular matrix and form cell-cell contacts. Humoral factors of malignant cells conduct this process. We investigated whether cell surface expression of the carbohydrate blood group determinant Lewis(y) (CD174) and its precursor structure H2 (CD173) on endothelial cells is influenced by soluble factors of tumor cells.