Clinical and MRI-Based Assessment of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders Treated by Controlled Mandibular Repositioning.

Background: Occlusal splints and anterior repositioning splints (ARSs) are widely accepted treatments for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). However, there is uncertainty with regard to the most suitable amount of mandibular repositioning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and functional effects of the therapeutic position (ThP) established based on the Controlled Mandibular Repositioning (CMR) method.

The effect of bolus properties on muscle activation patterns and TMJ loading during unilateral chewing.

Mastication is a vital human function and uses an intricate coordination of muscle activation to break down food. Collection of detailed muscle activation patterns is complex and commonly only masseter and anterior temporalis muscle activation are recorded. Chewing is the orofacial task with the highest muscle forces, potentially leading to high temporomandibular joint (TMJ) loading.

Digital versus Conventional Dentures: A Prospective, Randomized Cross-Over Study on Clinical Efficiency and Patient Satisfaction.

Digital technology facilitates the manufacturing of complete dentures; however, clinical and patient-reported outcomes are underreported. This prospective, randomized, single-blind cross-over study reports the clinical and patient-related outcomes of 10 edentulous patients receiving digital dentures prepared with the Vita Vionic System and conventional dentures produced from heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate resin. Clinical efficiency was stated based on the Sato score for quantitative assessment of complete denture quality.

Wear Management of Colored Foils for the Assessment of Sleep Bruxism Patterns-A Prospective, Randomized Crossover Study.

The assessment of bruxism relies on clinical examinations, questionnaires, and polysomnography. The additional use of colored foils (BruxChecker) could enable a more precise evaluation of bruxing patterns. To assess differences between use of the foils during stress periods or just on consecutive nights and to determine a reasonable duration of using the foils, 28 patients were classified according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and were randomly assigned to wearing the 12 foils for six consecutive nights (alternately in the upper and lower jaw; "consecutive") or six nights within one month following days of high stress ("stress") in a crossover design.

The effect of tooth cusp morphology and grinding direction on TMJ loading during bruxism.

Increased mechanical loading of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is often connected with the onset and progression of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). The potential role of occlusal factors and sleep bruxism in the onset of TMD are a highly debated topic in literature, but ethical considerations limit examinations of this problem. The study aims to use an innovative modeling approach to thoroughly investigate the connection between morphological parameters, bruxing direction and TMJ stress.

Effect of facet inclination and location on TMJ loading during bruxism: An study.

Introduction: Functional impairment of the masticatory region can have significant consequences that range from a loss of quality of life to severe health issues. Increased temporomandibular joint loading is often connected with temporomandibular disorders, but the effect of morphological factors on joint loading is a heavily discussed topic. Due to the small size and complex structure of the masticatory region investigations of these connections are difficult to perform.

An in silico investigation of the effect of bolus properties on TMJ loading during mastication.

Mastication is the motor task with the highest muscle activations of the jaw region, potentially leading to high temporomandibular joint (TMJ) loading. Since increased loading of the TMJ is associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD), TMJ mechanics during chewing has potential clinical relevance in TMD treatment. TMD self-management guidelines suggest eating soft and small pieces of food to reduce TMJ pain.

A Novel Quantitative Method for Tooth Grinding Surface Assessment Using 3D Scanning.

Sleep bruxism is an oral parafunction that involves involuntary tooth grinding and clenching. Splints with a colored layer that gets removed during tooth grinding are a common tool for the initial diagnosis of sleep bruxism. Currently, such splints are either assessed qualitatively or using 2D photographs, leading to a non-neglectable error due to the 3D nature of the dentition.

Early diagnosis of degenerative changes in the articular/fibrocartilaginous disc of the temporomandibular joint in patients with temporomandibular disorders using delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI at 3 Tesla - preliminary results.

Background: Delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is a quantitative method for assessment of glycosaminoglycan content in connective tissues. We hypothesize that the early diagnosis of degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint could be diagnosed using dGEMRIC technique.

Purpose: To test the compositional MRI technique, dGEMRIC, at 3 Tesla to diagnosis early the degenerative changes in the fibrocartilaginous disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and to compare the dGEMRIC index of patients to the healthy volunteers.

A Dynamic Jaw Model With a Finite-Element Temporomandibular Joint.

The masticatory region is an important human motion system that is essential for basic human tasks like mastication, speech or swallowing. An association between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and high temporomandibular joint (TMJ) stress has been suggested, but joint force measurements are not feasible to directly test this assumption. Consequently, biomechanical computer simulation remains as one of a few means to investigate this complex system.

Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI and Side Effects - An Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching agents containing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on color-change and on enamel-surface in bovine teeth. Furthermore the influence on cell viability and proliferation was investigated. Two hundred and forty teeth were randomly assigned into four groups (home bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching > 6% HP, and control group).

In vivo prediction of temporomandibular joint disc thickness and position changes for different jaw positions.

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are common dysfunctions of the masticatory region and are often linked to dislocation or changes of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for TMJ imaging but standard clinical sequences do not deliver a sufficient resolution and contrast for the creation of detailed meshes of the TMJ disc. Additionally, bony structures cannot be captured appropriately using standard MRI sequences due to their low signal intensity.

T2 mapping with 3.0 T MRI of the temporomandibular joint disc of patients with disc dislocation.

Introduction: T2 mapping, as a quantitative biochemical MRI-technique that provides information on water and collagen fiber content and composition, was shown to be clinically feasible for the evaluation of healthy temporomandibular joints.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare the T2 values of whole discs in patients with and without disc dislocation, to evaluate the possible influence of morphological findings on T2 values and to assess the interrater agreement.

Methods: Sixty-six patients were included in the study.

Regional Collagen Fiber Network in the Articular Disc of the Human Temporomandibular Joint: Biochemical 3-Tesla Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compared to Quantitative Histologic Analysis of Fiber Arrangement.

Aims: To evaluate the regional collagen fiber network in the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc by using biochemical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative histology.

Methods: MRI of 5 heads (10 TMJ discs) obtained from partially dentate or edentulous cadavers was performed at 3-Tesla MRI by using a flexible, 8-channel transmit-receive coil. After MRI, all 10 discs were processed histologically.

Delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the fibrocartilage disc of the temporomandibular joint--a feasibility study.

Objective: To 1) test the feasibility of delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) at 3 T in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 2) to determine the optimal delay for measurements of the TMJ disc after i.v. contrast agent (CA) administration.

Biochemical analysis of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint with magnetic resonance T2 mapping: a feasibility study.

Objectives: Symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction can seriously compromise patients' quality of life. The aim of our study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 mapping of the articular disc to determine whether T2 mapping of the TMJ disc is feasible in routine clinical imaging and to assess the normal T2 relaxation time distribution within the TMJ.

Methods: Included were ten asymptomatic volunteers without pain, any mouth-opening limitations, or any clicking phenomena.

Sex-specific differences in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

Aims: To explore potential differences in characteristics of patients that might account for sex-specific differences in temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Methods: A total of 502 patients presenting with TMD during 2000 to 2002 at the Outpatient Unit for Functional Disorders of the Medical University of Vienna underwent detailed evaluation of their medical history and assessment of clinical findings. The data obtained were assessed for sex-specific differences by analysis of variance and multiple regression.

Testing for aerobic heterotrophic bacteria allows no prediction of contamination with potentially pathogenic bacteria in the output water of dental chair units.

Background: Currently, to our knowledge, quality of output water of dental chair units is not covered by specific regulations in the European Union, and national recommendations are heterogeneous. In Germany, water used in dental chair units must follow drinking water quality. In the United States of America, testing for aerobic heterotrophic bacteria is recommended.

Microleakage after thermocycling of cemented crowns--a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Microleakage testing of dental materials is a commonly accepted evaluation technique of margin integrity. Thermocycling has been utilized by many researchers to study the influence of temperature extremes on the marginal gap of cemented restorations. The aim of this investigation was to analyze microleakage data on cemented crowns, published in the dental literature until Dec 2009, to identify methodological factors that might potentially affect the results of in vitro microleakage tests and to compare the results.

Wear of two artificial tooth materials in vivo: a 12-month pilot study.

Statement Of Problem: Wear of methacrylate artificial teeth resulting in vertical loss is a problem for both dentists and patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify wear of artificial teeth in vivo and to relate it to subject and tooth variables.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight subjects treated with complete dentures received 2 artificial tooth materials (polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/double-cross linked PMMA fillers; 35%/59% (SR Antaris DCL, SR Postaris DCL); experimental 48%/46%).

Diagnosis of temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome--image quality at 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in expert ratings of quality of magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint in 24 patients with suspected anterior disc displacement examined in randomized order at 1.5 and 3.0 T.

Cytotoxicity of four categories of dental cements.

Objectives: Assessment of dental material biocompatibility is gaining increasing importance for both patients and dentists. Dental cements may be in contact with oral soft tissues for prolonged periods of time and play an important role in prosthetic rehabilitation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate eight dental cements using a standardized L929-fibroblast cell culture test.

Cytotoxic effects of veneer composite materials.

The aim of this study was to evaluate 4 veneer composites-Signum+EM, Gradia Enamel E3, Sinfony E3, and SR Adoro S1-in a standardized test at 2 different conditions. For each composite, 2 groups of specimens (added to cultures immediately after preparation [ie, fresh] or after 7 days of incubation in cell culture medium) were added to L-929 fibroblast cultures for 72 hours. All composites showed reduced cell numbers compared to glass controls.

Maxillary sinus lift for single implant-supported restorations: a clinical study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate single-tooth implant-supported restorations placed in conjunction with several methods of maxillary sinus augmentation.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all consecutively treated patients who received single-implant tooth rehabilitation in combination with sinus augmentation. Implant survival rate and peri-implant conditions, such as marginal bone resorption (mm), pocket depth (mm), Plaque and Bleeding Indices, and Periotest values, were compared for the different augmentation procedures.

Oral acupuncture in the therapy of craniomandibular dysfunction syndrome -- a randomized controlled trial.

Context: Patients with disorders of the stomatognathic system describe pain and clicking phenomena as primary symptoms. Rapid improvement of the pain is required to ensure and maintain adequate patient compliance.

Objective: The study was intended to assess the effects of acupuncture in patients with temporomandibular disorders as compared to placebo therapy (sham laser); the primary target parameter was the subjective pain sensation.