Sex biased individual variation in movement patterns of a highly mobile, near-shore marine planktivore, the reef manta ray Mobula alfredi.

We examined individual variation and the role of sex on the movements of the reef manta ray Mobula alfredi. Specifically, we analysed several movement metrics using 6 years of nightly observations (1 January 2009-31 December 2014) of 118 individually identifiable manta rays at two discrete but spatially proximate sites, locally known as Manta Heaven and Manta Village, 15 km apart on the west side of the island of Hawaii, USA. Males were slightly more often (33.