Introduction: The influence of various levels of sedation depth on motor evoked potentials (MEP) reproducibility in youth is still unclear because of a lack of data. We tested the hypothesis that a deeper level of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) [bispectral index (BIS) 40 ± 5 compared to 60 ± 5] can affect surgeon-directed MEP and their interpretation in youths.
Methods: All patients received TIVA combined with propofol and remifentanil.
Introduction: This simulation-based study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ventilation during paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provided by healthcare professionals (HCPs) and lay rescuers (LRs). The objective was to assess the number of effective breaths delivered during the initial sequence of CPR. Effective ventilation plays a critical role during paediatric CPR as most cardiac arrests are secondary to hypoxia in origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScoliosis is the most frequent spinal deformity in children. It is defined as a spine deviation of more than 10° in the frontal plane. Neuromuscular scoliosis is associated with a heterogeneous spectrum of muscular or neurological symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Basic Life Support (BLS) training has been limited to compression-only or bag-mask ventilation. The most breathable nanofiber respirators carry the technical possibility for inflation of the mannequin. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of mouth-to-mouth breathing through a FFP2 respirator during BLS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrently, ultrasound-guided central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is recommended in pediatric patients. However, the clinical practice may vary. The primary aim of this study was the overall success rate and the first attempt success rate in ultrasound-guided CVC insertion versus anatomic-based CVC insertion in pediatric patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmergence delirium (ED) is a postoperative complication in pediatric anesthesia characterized by perception and psychomotor disorder and has a negative impact on morbidity in the form of maladaptive behavior, which can last weeks after anesthesia. Patients with developed ED present with psychomotor anxiety, agitation, and are at higher risk of unintentional extraction of an intravenous cannula, self-harm and nausea and vomiting. The described incidence of ED varies between 25−80%, with a higher prevalence among children younger than 6 years of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraditionally, uncuffed tubes were used in pediatric patients under 8 years in pursuit of reducing the risk of postextubation stridor. Although computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies confirmed that the subglottic area remains the narrowest part of pediatric airway, the use of uncuffed tubes failed to reduce the risk of subglottic swelling. Properly used cuffed tubes (correct size and correct cuff management) are currently recommended as the first option in emergency, anesthesiology and intensive care in all pediatric patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim (ZTTK) syndrome is an extremely rare multiorgan disorder, first described in 2015. Nowadays, about 50 patients with ZTTK syndrome have been reported, but there are no data about management during anesthesia. ZTTK syndrome patients can be indicated for surgery of musculoskeletal deformations and corrections of cardiovascular or urogenital malformations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Congenital cataract, facial dysmorphism, and neuropathy (CCFDN) syndrome is an extremely rare multiorgan disorder. Characteristics include congenital cataracts, facial deformation, extremity deformities, and demyelinating neuropathy. CCFDN syndrome is associated with increased risk during anesthesia including rhabdomyolysis or epileptic seizures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn December 2019 SARS-CoV-2 initiated a worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, which is still ongoing in 2022. Although adult elderly patients with chronic preexisting diseases had been identified as the most vulnerable group, COVID-19 has also had a significant impact on pediatric intensive care. Early in 2020, a new disease presentation, multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, was described in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The indirect visualisation of the glottic area with a videolaryngoscope could improve intubation conditions which may possibly lead to a higher success rate of the first intubation attempt.
Objective: Comparison of videolaryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy for elective airway management in paediatric patients.
Design: Prospective randomised controlled trial.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
September 2021
Background: The incidence of difficult airway in paediatric patients is lower than that the adult population, and the majority should be predictable.
Aims: The primary aim of this trial was to evaluate the incidence of difficult airway in pediatric patients. The secondary aim was to predict difficult airway in these patients.
Background: Rapid sequence induction (RSI) is a standard procedure, which should be implemented in all patients with a risk of aspiration/regurgitation during anaesthesia induction.
Objective: The primary aim was to evaluate clinical practice in RSI, both in adult and paediatric populations.
Design: Online survey.
Background: Medical education, in general, is undergoing a significant shift from traditional methods. It becomes very difficult to discover effective teaching methods within the limited possibilities in patient hands-on education, especially as seen in anesthesiology and intensive care medicine (AIM) teaching. Motivation-based teaching is very popular in all other aspects of education, but it has received scant attention in medical education literature, even though it can make a real difference for both students and physicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
March 2017
Stroke is a rare condition in childhood with an estimated incidence of between 1.3-13/100.000 patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Rocuronium for cesarean delivery under general anesthesia is an alternative to succinylcholine for rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia because of the availability of sugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular blockade. However, there are no large well-controlled studies in women undergoing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. The aim of this noninferiority trial was to determine whether rocuronium and sugammadex confer benefit in time to tracheal intubation (primary outcome) and other neuromuscular blockade outcomes compared with succinylcholine, rocuronium, and neostigmine in women undergoing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatric airway management is a challenge in routine anesthesia practice. Any airway-related complication due to improper procedure can have catastrophic consequences in pediatric patients. The authors reviewed the current relevant literature using the following data bases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline (OVID SP), and Dynamed, and the following keywords: Airway/s, Children, Pediatric, Difficult Airways, and Controversies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
March 2016
Background And Aims: Although epidural analgesia is still regarded as the gold standard for labour analgesia due to its efficacy, in cases of contraindication, systemic remifentanil is an alternative. Since the first demonstration of the safety of remifentanil in obstetric analgesia in 1996, this has been repeatedly confirmed for both mother and newborn. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate recently published studies (up to December 2014) on the analgesic efficacy of remifentanil during labour (as a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) decrease in the first hour by 2 or more).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Medical Faculties Network (MEFANET) has established itself as the authority for setting standards for medical educators in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, 2 independent countries with similar languages that once comprised a federation and that still retain the same curricular structure for medical education. One of the basic goals of the network is to advance medical teaching and learning with the use of modern information and communication technologies.
Objective: We present the education portal AKUTNE.