Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: The synergistic effects on human locomotor function.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus and obesity represent two chronic multifactorial conditions which may induce modifications in human motion strategy. Our study focused on gaining insight into biomechanical aspects of gait occurring in patients affected by both aforementioned pathologies.

Methods: One hundred subjects were recruited and divided into four groups: 25 obese-diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy; 25 obese non-diabetic patients; 25 non-obese diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy; 25 healthy volunteers participated as a control group.

Supersaturation of VEP in Migraine without Aura Patients Treated with Topiramate: An Anatomo-Functional Biomarker of the Disease.

Migraine is a primary headache with high prevalence among the general population, characterized by functional hypersensitivity to both exogenous and endogenous stimuli particularly affecting the nociceptive system. The hyperresponsivity of cortical neurons could be due to a disequilibrium in the excitatory/inhibitory signaling. This study aimed to investigate the anatomo-functional pathway from the retina to the primary visual cortex using visual evoked potentials (VEP).

Plasma Levels of Oxidative Stress Markers, before and after Treatment, in Chronic Migraine.

The pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine transformation are debated. Modifications of plasma oxidative stress biomarkers have been described in chronic migraine. OnabotulintoxinA (BoNT/A) treatment, approved for chronic migraine prophylaxis, possibly reduces pain neurotransmitters release and oxidative stress products.

Fatigue, sleep-wake pattern, depressive and anxiety symptoms and body-mass index: analysis in a sample of episodic and chronic migraine patients.

Migraine clinical presentation and life-time course can be highly heterogeneous, with a subgroup of patients developing chronic migraine; moreover, migraine clinical spectrum is expanded by the association with different coexisting conditions and interictal dysfunctions. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate migraine clinical features, daily functioning parameters, sleep pattern, presence of depressive-anxiety symptoms and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of 75 episodic and 75 chronic migraine without aura patients. Migraine-related disability, fatigue, daily sleepiness, subjective sleep quality, anxiety and depressive symptoms were, respectively, evaluated using the following questionnaires: Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item Scale (PHQ-9).

Evidences of Reduced Antioxidant Activity in Patients With Chronic Migraine and Medication-Overuse Headache.

Background: Migraine is a complex multifactorial, neurobiological disorder, whose pathogenesis is not fully understood, nor are the mechanisms associated with migraine transformation from episodic to chronic pattern. A possible role of impaired oxidative mitochondrial metabolism in migraine pathogenesis has been hypothesized, and increased levels of peripheral markers of oxidative stress have been reported in migraine patients, although the literature data are limited and heterogeneous.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine plasmatic levels of advanced oxidation protein products, ferric-reducing antioxidant power and total plasmatic thiol groups, all plasmatic markers related to oxidative stress, in a sample of chronic migraine patients and medication-overuse headache, compared to a control group of healthy subjects.

Migraine features in migraineurs with and without anxiety-depression symptoms: a hospital-based study.

Background: Migraine, anxiety and depression often coexist. A "neurolimbic" model of migraine has been recently proposed accounting for a dynamic influence of pain, mood and anxiety on the migraine disease. However, very few data exist concerning clinical migraine features in patients reporting anxiety-depression symptoms.

Clinical features associated with ictal osmophobia in migraine.

Olfactory hypersensitivity may occur during migraine attacks and has been found to be very specific for this form of headache. Aim of this study was to investigate if migraineurs with ictal osmophobia have particular clinical features comparing to patients without ictal osmophobia. We recruited 200 consecutive migraineurs.