Development and Validation of Prognostic Model for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With First-Line Abiraterone or Enzalutamide.

Introduction: Over the years, several prognostic models were developed in patients receiving chemotherapy for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), while data on androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI) in a real-world setting are limited.

Patients And Methods: We compared a consecutive series of 565 mCRPC patients receiving first-line ARSI at 4 high-volume Italian Centers (development set) to an external series of 180 patients receiving the same treatment at another Italian high-volume Center (training set), between 2011 and 2022. Sixteen clinical and baseline laboratory variables were selected to develop a prognostic model.

Preoperative treatments in borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer: Current evidence and new perspectives.

Surgery is the only curative treatment for non-metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but less than 20 % of patients present a resectable disease at diagnosis. Treatment strategies and disease definition for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) vary in the different cancer centres. Preoperative chemotherapy (CT) is the standard of care for both BRPC and LAPC patients, however literature data are still controversial concerning the type, dose and duration of the different CT regimens, as well as regarding the integration of radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT) in the therapeutic algorithm.

Adjuvant durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC harbouring uncommon genomic alterations.

Adjuvant durvalumab is the standard of care for patients with stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), without progression after concurrent chemo-radiation (CCRT). Patients with stage III NSCLC harbouring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements do not seem to benefit from durvalumab. Data are lacking about patients harbouring other driver genomic alterations (dGA).

Chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer: clinical overview and management of long-term side effects.

Introduction: Neo/adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer has become increasingly common in the last few decades; as a consequence, the number of breast cancer survivors experiencing often debilitating long-term side effects has increased, and thus the need for a comprehensive approach to the variety of symptoms involved.

Areas Covered And Methods: We performed a literature search on the main public scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CrossRef) from 2000 to April 2022 to identify prevention and management strategies for the most common long-term side effects, including fatigue, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy, cognitive impairment, estrogen deprivation, cardiotoxicity, and second cancers.

Expert Opinion: Long-term toxicities may affect a majority of breast cancer survivors, significantly interfering with their quality of life.

An Integrated Pharmacological Counselling Approach to Guide Decision-Making in the Treatment with CDK4/6 Inhibitors for Metastatic Breast Cancer.

A wide inter-individual variability in the therapeutic response to cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDKis) has been reported. We herein present a case series of five patients treated with either palbociclib or ribociclib referred to our clinical pharmacological counselling, including therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), pharmacogenetics, and drug-drug interaction analysis to support clinicians in the management of CDKis treatment for metastatic breast cancer. Patients' plasma samples for TDM analysis were collected at steady state and analyzed by an LC-MS/MS method for minimum plasma concentration (C) evaluation.

"A new LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of abemaciclib, its main active metabolites M2 and M20, and letrozole for therapeutic drug monitoring".

Abemaciclib (ABEMA) is the last CDKi approved for the treatment of breast cancer. Adverse reactions to this drug are not experienced in the same manner by the entire patient population but in case of severe toxicity dose reductions and therapy discontinuation are required, suggesting that a TDM-guided treatment could be beneficial for these patients. ABEMA is extensively metabolized by the liver.

Immunotherapy in NSCLC Patients with Brain Metastases.

Approximately 40% of unselected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop brain metastases (BMs) during their disease, with considerable morbidity and mortality. The management of BMs in patients with NSCLC is a clinical challenge and requires a multidisciplinary approach to gain effective intracranial disease control. Over the last decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a game-changer in the treatment landscape of advanced NSCLC, with significant improvements in survival outcomes, although patients with BMs are mostly underrepresented in randomized clinical trials.

A new dried blood spot LC-MS/MS method for therapeutic drug monitoring of palbociclib, ribociclib, and letrozole in patients with cancer.

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is strongly suggested to define the proper drug dosage to overcome inter- and intra-patient variability in drug exposure, which is typically observed with oral anticancer agents, such as palbociclib (PALBO), ribociclib (RIBO) and letrozole (LETRO), all approved for the treatment of HR+, HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (BC). Optimal TDM implementation requires a blood sampling organization that can be hampered by limited availability of health and laboratory personnel. Dried Blood Spot (DBS) sampling is proposed to overcome such limitations.

First- and second-line treatment strategies for hormone-receptor (HR)-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: A real-world study.

Background: Endocrine therapy (ET) plus cyclin-dependent-kinases 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) represents the standard treatment for luminal-metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, prospective head-to-head comparisons are still lacking for 1st line (L) options, and it is still crucial to define the best strategy between 1st and 2nd L.

Materials And Methods: 717 consecutive luminal-MBC pts treated between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed at the Oncology Department of Aviano and Udine, Italy.

Traumatic dental injuries during anaesthesia: part I: clinical evaluation.

Unlabelled: Dental injuries represent the most common claims against the anaesthesiologist. Dental lesions are frequent complications of oro-tracheal intubation and major causal factors are (i) poor dentition, (ii) aggressive laryngoscopy, (iii) insufficient anaesthesia and curarization, (iv) emergency interventions and (v) lack of experience by the anaesthesiologist.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 83 cases of dental lesions occurring during elective, emergent and urgent surgery requiring general anaesthesia with tracheal tube placement in the years between 2000 and 2008.