[Use of social networks as a source of information on health and digital health literacy in the Spanish general population].

Objective: Social media allows individuals to access a vast amount of health-related information immediately and anonymously, a fact that is turning these platforms into one of the primary sources of reference in this area, especially for younger generations. Given this reality, the objective of determining the impact of social media on digital health literacy in the general Spanish population was proposed.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 2023.

Serum identification of at-risk MASH: The metabolomics-advanced steatohepatitis fibrosis score (MASEF).

Background: Early identification of those with NAFLD activity score ≥ 4 and significant fibrosis (≥F2) or at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a priority as these patients are at increased risk for disease progression and may benefit from therapies. We developed and validated a highly specific metabolomics-driven score to identify at-risk MASH.

Methods: We included derivation (n = 790) and validation (n = 565) cohorts from international tertiary centers.

Metabolic subtypes of patients with NAFLD exhibit distinctive cardiovascular risk profiles.

Background And Aims: We previously identified subsets of patients with NAFLD with different metabolic phenotypes. Here we align metabolomic signatures with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and genetic risk factors.

Approach And Results: We analyzed serum metabolome from 1154 individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD, and from four mouse models of NAFLD with impaired VLDL-triglyceride (TG) secretion, and one with normal VLDL-TG secretion.

Results of Shouldice hernia repair after 18 years of follow-up in all the patients.

Purpose: Evaluate the long-term efficacy of the Shouldice technique performed by non-specialized surgeons and also to reflex on the quality parameters necessary to safely assess hernia recurrence rates.

Methods: During 3 years, a prospective study was conducted in 243 adult men who underwent surgery for primary inguinal hernias by 13 junior surgeons with an interest in hernia surgery. Using local anesthesia, a classic 4 step Shouldice repair, with polypropylene or polyester, was performed.

Metabolomic-based noninvasive serum test to diagnose nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Results from discovery and validation cohorts.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of chronic liver disease worldwide and includes a broad spectrum of histologic phenotypes, ranging from simple hepatic steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). While liver biopsy is the reference gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis and staging, it has limitations due to its sampling variability, invasive nature, and high cost. Thus, there is a need for noninvasive biomarkers that are robust, reliable, and cost effective.

Activation of bombesin receptor Subtype-3 by [D-Tyr,β-Ala,Phe,Nle]bombesin increased glucose uptake and lipogenesis in human and rat adipocytes.

BRS-3 has an important role in glucose homeostasis. Its expression was reduced in skeletal muscle from obese and/or diabetic patients, and BRS-3 KO-mice developed obesity. In this work, focused on rat/human adipose tissue, BRS-3 gene-expression was lower than normal-levels in hyperlipidemic, type-2-diabetic (T2D), and type-1-diabetic rats and also in obese (OB) and T2D patients.

Map3k8 controls granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production and neutrophil precursor proliferation in lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis.

Map3k8 has been proposed as a useful target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. We show here that during lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis, Map3k8 deficiency strongly impairs the increase in circulating mature (Ly6GCD11b) and immature (Ly6GCD11b) neutrophils. After chimaeric bone marrow (BM) transplantation into recipient Map3k8 mice, lipopolysaccharide treatment did not increase circulating Ly6GCD11b cells and strongly decreased circulating Ly6GCD11b cells.

Metabolomic Identification of Subtypes of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Background & Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a consequence of defects in diverse metabolic pathways that involve hepatic accumulation of triglycerides. Features of these aberrations might determine whether NAFLD progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated whether the diverse defects observed in patients with NAFLD are caused by different NAFLD subtypes with specific serum metabolomic profiles, and whether these can distinguish patients with NASH from patients with simple steatosis.

[EFFECTS OF WEIGHT LOSS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY ON PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN MORBIDLY OBESE WOMEN].

Introduction: obesity impacts on respiratory function and also it acts as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Aims: to study the effects of bariatric surgery on pulmonary function tests and on OSA in morbidly obese women over 4 years.

Methods: fifteen morbidly obese women (mean body mass index [BMI] 50.

Effect of bombesin receptor subtype-3 and its synthetic agonist on signaling, glucose transport and metabolism in myocytes from patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) is an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) member of the bombesin receptor family. Several studies have suggested an association between obesity, alterations in glucose metabolism, diabetes and the BRS-3 receptor. In this study, we focused on patients simultaneously diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes (OB/T2D).

Human BRS-3 receptor: functions/role in cell signaling pathways and glucose metabolism in obese or diabetic myocytes.

Several studies showed that the orphan Bombesin Receptor Subtype-3 (BRS-3) - member of the bombesin receptor family - has an important role in glucose homeostasis (v.g.: BRS-3-KO mice developed mild obesity, and decreased levels of BRS-3 mRNA/protein have been described in muscle from obese (OB) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients).

Sterile inflammation in acetaminophen-induced liver injury is mediated by Cot/tpl2.

Cot/tpl2 (MAP3K8) activates MKK1/2-Erk1/2 following stimulation of the Toll-like/IL-1 receptor superfamily. Here, we investigated the role of Cot/tpl2 in sterile inflammation and drug-induced liver toxicity. Cot/tpl2 KO mice exhibited reduced hepatic injury after acetaminophen challenge, as evidenced by decreased serum levels of both alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, decreased hepatic necrosis, and increased survival relative to Wt mice.

Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3), a novel candidate as therapeutic molecular target in obesity and diabetes.

BRS-3 KO-mice developed obesity and unbalanced glucose metabolism, suggesting an important role of BRS-3 receptor in glucose homeostasis. We explored BRS-3 expression in skeletal muscle from normal, obese or type-2 diabetic (T2D) patients, and the effect of [D-Phe(6), β-Ala(11),Phe(13),Nle(14)]bombesin(6-14)-BRS-3-agonist-peptide (BRS-3-AP) - on glucose-related effects, before or after BRS-3 gene silencing. In muscle tissue and primary cultured myocytes from altered metabolic states, BRS-3 gene/protein expressions were down-regulated.

Solute carrier family 2 member 1 is involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Unlabelled: Susceptibility to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has genetic bases, but the associated variants are uncertain. The aim of the present study was to identify genetic variants that could help to prognose and further understand the genetics and development of NAFLD. Allele frequencies of 3,072 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 92 genes were characterized in 69 NAFLD patients and 217 healthy individuals.

[Evaluation of the sentinel lymph node in T1-T2 papillary thyroid cancer: a preliminary study].

Objective: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in differentiated thyroid cancer may benefit patients with no clinically affected lymph nodes and can avoid a prophylactic or staging lymphadenectomy.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 23 consecutive patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with no clinical or radiological suspicion of lymph involvement. After injecting methylene blue around the tumour during the biopsy of the identified sentinel lymph node, a total thyroidectomy and a via-b ipsilateral lymphadenectomy was performed for the later study with cytokeratin.

Obesity-dependent metabolic signatures associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression.

Our understanding of the mechanisms by which nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progresses from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH) is still very limited. Despite the growing number of studies linking the disease with altered serum metabolite levels, an obstacle to the development of metabolome-based NAFLD predictors has been the lack of large cohort data from biopsy-proven patients matched for key metabolic features such as obesity. We studied 467 biopsied individuals with normal liver histology (n=90) or diagnosed with NAFLD (steatosis, n=246; NASH, n=131), randomly divided into estimation (80% of all patients) and validation (20% of all patients) groups.

Involvement of Cot activity in the proliferation of ALCL lymphoma cells.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) cells overexpress CD30 on their cell surface, show increased levels of activated Erk1/2 and of JunB; participating JunB in the proliferative capacity of these lymphomas. Here, we show that ALCL lymphoma cells also present high expression levels of the proto-oncogenic Cot (MAP3K8). Using pharmacological drugs as well as the RNA interference technique we show that Cot protein is responsible for the constitutive Erk1/2 activation in the ALCL lymphoma cells, SUDHL-1.

Characteristic of GLP-1 effects on glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle from obese patients.

Direct effects of GLP-1, kinase-mediated, on glucose and lipid metabolism in rat and human extrapancreatic tissues, are amply documented and also changes in type-2 diabetic (T2D) patients. Here, we explored the characteristics of the GLP-1 action and those of its analogs Ex-4 and Ex-9, on muscle glucose transport (GT) and metabolism in human morbid obesity (OB), as compared with normal and T2D subjects. In primary cultured myocytes from OB, GT and glycogen synthase a (GSa) activity values were lower than normal, and comparable to those reported in T2D patients; GT was increased by either GLP-1 or Ex-9 in a more efficient manner than in normal or T2D, up to normal levels; the Ex-4 increasing effect on GSa activity was two times that in normal cells, while Ex-9 failed to modify the enzyme activity.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based parallel metabolic profiling of human and mouse model serum reveals putative biomarkers associated with the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease in most western countries. Current NAFLD diagnosis methods (e.g.

[Serum PTH levels as a predictive factor of hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy].

Introduction: Postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as a predictor of hypocalcaemia in patients subjected to total thyroidectomy is analyzed.

Material And Method: Prospective study involving 67 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy due to a benign disease. Serum PTH and ionised calcium were measured 20 h after surgery.

Relationship between the upper airway and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in morbidly obese women.

Background: The authors studied changes in the upper airway in morbidly obese women and the relationship to sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Patients underwent a cardiorespiratory polygraphic study, respiratory function test (spirometry, plethysmography, maximum inspiratory pressures and arterial blood gas analysis), and computed tomographic studies of the upper airway.

Results: 40 morbidly obese women being evaluated for bariatric surgery (mean age 39.

Phosphocalcic metabolism after biliopancreatic diversion.

Background: Malabsorptive techniques to treat morbid obesity have been followed by alterations in phosphocalcic metabolism. Knowledge of the preoperative situation is important to assess the influence of these techniques on phosphocalcic metabolism and to consider treatments for these alterations.

Methods: 61 consecutive morbidly obese patients (50 women, 11 men, age 19 to 63 years) having had biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) were studied in a prospective manner.

The action of GLP-1 and exendins upon glucose transport in normal human adipocytes, and on kinase activity as compared to morbidly obese patients.

A role of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) in the recovery of the metabolic conditions of morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery has been proposed. Exendin 4 (Ex-4) and exendin 9 (Ex-9) both have GLP-1-like effects upon glucose metabolism in human myocytes. We investigated in normal human adipocytes the effect of GLP-1, Ex-4 and Ex-9, compared with insulin upon the activity of PI3K, PKB, MAPKs and p70s6 kinases, and the participation of these enzymes in their action upon 2-deoxy-D-glucose transport by using potential inhibitors.

Identification of a gene-pathway associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background/aims: We have integrated gene expression profiling of liver biopsies of NASH patients with liver samples of a mouse model of steatohepatitis (MAT1A-KO) to identify a gene-pathway associated with NASH.

Methods: Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays were used to evaluate nine patients with NASH, six patients with steatosis, and six control subjects; Affymetrix MOE430A microarrays were used to evaluate wild-type and MAT1A-KO mice at 15 days, 1, 3, 5 and 8 months after birth.