Clinical sensemaking: Advancing a conceptual learning model of clinical reasoning.

Context: Much remains unanswered regarding how clinical reasoning is learned in the clinical environment. This study attempts to unravel how novice medical students learn to reason, by examining how they make sense of the clinical patient encounter.

Method: The current study was part of a greater research project employing constructivist grounded theory (CGT) to develop a learning model of clinical reasoning.

Representation, interaction and interpretation. Making sense of the context in clinical reasoning.

Background: All thinking occurs in some sort of context, rendering the relation between context and clinical reasoning a matter of significant interest. Context, however, has a notoriously vague and contested meaning. A profound disagreement exists between different research traditions studying clinical reasoning in how context is understood.

Medical students' self-reported gender discrimination and sexual harassment over time.

Background: Gender discrimination (GD) and sexual harassment (SH) occur at all academic institutions worldwide. Medical students report high prevalence of GD and SH, which may negatively affect their education and health. There are indications that policies and reforms on reducing GD/SH are insufficient.

Ultrasound Curricula of Student Education in Europe: Summary of the Experience.

Despite the increasing role of ultrasound, structured ultrasound teaching is only slowly being integrated into the curricula of medical schools and universities all over Europe. To survey the current situation at European universities regarding the integration of ultrasound in student medical education and to report on models of student ultrasound training from selected European universities. A questionnaire survey focusing on the implementation of curricular ultrasound education was sent out to the 28 presidents of the national ultrasound societies of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB), who were asked to distribute the questionnaires to the medical universities of their countries.

Unravelling the polyphony in clinical reasoning research in medical education.

Rationale: Clinical reasoning lies at the heart of medical practice and has a long research tradition. Nevertheless, research is scattered across diverse academic disciplines with different research traditions in a wide range of scientific journals. This polyphony is a source of conceptual confusion.

Grounding judgement in context: A conceptual learning model of clinical reasoning.

Context: Contemporary research on clinical reasoning focuses on cognitive problem-solving processes. However, the decisive role that clinical context plays in clinical reasoning is often overlooked. We explored how novice learners make sense of the patient encounter in the clinical situation.

Twelve tips for enhancing student engagement.

Student engagement refers to a broad range of activities where students participate in management, education, research, and community activities within their institutions. It is a mutually beneficial collaborative approach between students and their institutions. This article provides practical advice for the implementation or further development of student engagement at medical, dental, and veterinary schools.

The echogenicity of the intima-media complex in the common carotid artery is related to insulin resistance measured by the hyperinsulinemic clamp in elderly men.

The echogenicity of the intima-media complex (IM-GSM) has recently been shown to be related to the echogenicity in carotid artery plaque and to predict cardiovascular (CV) mortality. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between metabolic CV risk factors, with special emphasis on insulin resistance, and IM-GSM in the carotid artery. Carotid artery ultrasound with grey-scale median analysis of the intima-media complex, IM-GSM, was performed in a population sample of 480 men aged 75 years.