Who stays? Who goes? Motivation and tendency to drop out in music schools.

Based on self-determination theory, this study examined the extent to which the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and social relatedness in instrumental lessons explain the quality and quantity of motivation, which are responsible for persistence and dropout in music schools. This study also investigated whether parental involvement contributes to dropout. A total of 140 music students from Austria (37.

Application of Hyperspectral Imaging for identification of aging state of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene.

In the context of the circular economy, the sorting process during recycling of polymers is essential as regards the efficiency of the process itself and the quality of the so-obtained recycled materials. In this paper, the application of Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is proposed for this purpose, providing additional insight into the state of aging and the polymer quality. The underlying study comprises HSI in the wavelength range of 1115-1678 nm considering artificially aged Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS), where aging is performed for 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days in a forced-draft oven at a temperature of 105 °C.

Psychology in national socialism: The question of "professionalization" and the case of the "Ostmark".

This article presents a contextualization and revaluation of competing narratives concerning the history of psychology in Nazi Germany. Since the 1980s, this debate revolves around the supposed "professionalization" of the discipline from Hitler's rise to power until the end of World War II. The question whether or not academic psychology has profited from collaborating with the Nazi regime during the war is not just of historical interest, but also carries strong political and moral implications.

Polymer-Bitumen Interaction: A Correlation Study with Six Different Bitumens to Investigate the Influence of SARA Fractions on the Phase Stability, Swelling, and Thermo-Rheological Properties of SBS-PmB.

The aim of this work is to determine the influence of the bitumen chemistry on the rheological performance of bitumen and polymer modified bitumen (PmB), as well as the polymer distribution and storage stability. Six different bitumens and their 5 wt.% SBS mixtures are considered in this work.

Psychology in National Socialism [Psychologie im Nationalsozialismus] at Sigmund Freud Private University Berlin, July 27-28, 2018.

Forty years after the end of World War II, historians and psychologists finally began to thoroughly investigate the involvement of psychological theory and practice with the National-Socialist regime. After this first wave of critical self-reflection, however, very little systematic work has been done to expand our historical knowledge of the darkest chapter in the history of German psychology. As part of a running project on the history of psychology during National Socialism in Austria, the Sigmund Freud Private University (SFU) Berlin hosted a 2-day conference about this topic that was open to the general public.

From Hohenschönhausen to Guantanamo Bay: Psychology's role in the secret services of the GDR and the United States.

This paper presents a historical analysis of the genesis, context, and function of "Operative Psychology," a little-known branch of applied psychology developed by employees of the Ministry of State Security in the German Democratic Republic. For 25 years, theories and practices of Operative Psychology were taught to elite agents at the Juridical Academy in Potsdam, introducing them to various "silent" psychological techniques of persuasion, interrogation, and repression. After highlighting the economic and political context that increased the need for "silent" techniques of observation and repression, an overview of the topics that were taught and researched at the chair for Operative Psychology is given.

Buried layers: On the origins, rise, and fall of stratification theories.

This article presents a historical analysis of the origins, rise, and demise of theories of stratification (). Following their roots in the ancient metaphysical idea of the "great chain of being," Aristotle's , the medieval "Jacob's ladder," and Leibniz's concept of the lex continua, I argue that theories of stratification represent the modern heir to the ancient cosmological idea of a harmonious, hierarchical, and unified universe. Theories of stratification reached their heyday during the interwar period within German academia, proliferating over a vast number of disciplines and rising to special prominence within personality psychology, feeding the hope for a unitary image of the world and of human beings, their biological and mental development, their social organization and cultural creations.

Quantification of Overnight Movement of Birch (Betula pendula) Branches and Foliage with Short Interval Terrestrial Laser Scanning.

The goal of the study was to determine circadian movements of silver birch (Petula Bendula) branches and foliage detected with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). The study consisted of two geographically separate experiments conducted in Finland and in Austria. Both experiments were carried out at the same time of the year and under similar outdoor conditions.

Psychology's "Crisis" and the Need for Reflection. A Plea for Modesty in Psychological Theorizing.

This paper discusses the need for contextualization and reflection of psychological theorizing within its respective cultural and historical context. By acknowledging the anthropological assumptions which form a key part of every psychological theory and connect psychological thinking with broader cultural values, norms, ideals and meanings, psychologists can gain a deeper understanding of the limits of their own theories. It is argued that the prolonged debate within academic psychology concerning its status and methodology which became famous as "psychology's crisis" is an effect of the neglect of these implicit anthropological assumptions.

Cometary science. Birth of a comet magnetosphere: a spring of water ions.

The Rosetta mission shall accompany comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from a heliocentric distance of >3.6 astronomical units through perihelion passage at 1.25 astronomical units, spanning low and maximum activity levels.

Remembering the "lens": visual transformations of a concept from Heider to Brunswik.

It is argued that Frederic Bartlett's views on the social and cultural determinants of remembering and recognition provide a useful background for analyzing the transformations of psychological concepts and images when they are introduced into new academic collectives. An example of a "Bartlettian" view on the history of psychology is given by reconstructing and contextualizing the transformation of the "lens," a model of human perception that was invented by Fritz Heider in the 1920s and adopted by Egon Brunswik from the 1930s onwards. Heider's early work suggested a new perspective on the epistemological relation between subject, media, and object that was devised to create a new conceptual foundation for academic psychology.

Cardiovascular control and stabilization via inclination and mobilization during bed rest.

Cardiovascular deconditioning has long been recognized as a characteristic of the physiological adaptation to long-term bed rest in patients. The process is thought to contribute to orthostatic intolerance and enhance secondary complications in a significant way. Mobilization is a cost-effective and simple method to maintain the cardiovascular parameters (i.

From the EEL to the EGO: psychoanalysis and the remnants of Freud's early scientific practice.

While numerous historiographical works have been written to shed light on Freud's early theoretical education in biology, physiology, and medicine and on the influence of that education on psychoanalysis, this paper approaches Freud's basic comprehension of science and methodology by focusing on his early research practice in physiology and neuranatomy. This practice, taking place in the specific context of Ernst Brücke's physiological laboratory in Vienna, was deeply concerned with problems of visuality and the revelation of hidden organic structures by use of proper preparation techniques and optical instruments. The paper explores the connection between such visualizing practices, shaped by a physiological context as they were, and Freud's later convictions of the scientific status of psychoanalysis and the function of its method as means to unveil the concealed structure of the "psychical apparatus".

Quantification of clinical scores through physiological recordings in low-responsive patients: a feasibility study.

Clinical scores represent the gold standard in characterizing the clinical condition of patients in vegetative or minimally conscious state. However, they suffer from problems of sensitivity, specificity, subjectivity and inter-rater reliability.In this feasibility study, objective measures including physiological and neurophysiological signals are used to quantify the clinical state of 13 low-responsive patients.

Assessing the use of 3H-3He dating to determine the subsurface transit time of cave drip waters.

(3)H-(3)He measurements constitute a well-established method for the determination of the residence time of young groundwater. However, this method has rarely been applied to karstified aquifers and in particular to drip water in caves, despite the importance of the information which may be obtained. Besides the determination of transfer times of climate signals from the atmosphere through the epikarst to speleothems as climate archives, (3)H-(3)He together with Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe data may also help to give new insights into the local hydrogeology, e.

Model-based Heart rate prediction during Lokomat walking.

We implemented a model for prediction of heart rate during Lokomat walking. Using this model, we can predict potential overstressing of the patient and adapt the physical load accordingly. Current models for treadmill based heart rate control neglect the fact that the interaction torques between Lokomat and human can have a significant effect on heart rate.