Discrete breathers in Klein-Gordon lattices: A deflation-based approach.

Deflation is an efficient numerical technique for identifying new branches of steady state solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations. Here, we demonstrate how to extend deflation to discover new periodic orbits in nonlinear dynamical lattices. We employ our extension to identify discrete breathers, which are generic exponentially localized, time-periodic solutions of such lattices.

Liquid crystal on silicon-based real time phase stepping interferometry by spatial multiplexing.

In this paper, we present a method to perform phase-shifting interferometry in real time. The technique is based on the use of a parallel aligned liquid crystal on a silicon display as a customized reference mirror. In order to implement the four-step algorithm, a set of macropixels is programmed onto the display, and these are divided into four zones with the appropriate phase shifts.

Identification of decreased intrinsic capacity: Performance of diagnostic measures of the ICOPE Screening tool in community dwelling older people in the VIMCI study.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) strategy to face the challenges of ageing societies. This strategy is focused on person centered care and the assessment intrinsic capacity (IC). Early identification of five domains of IC (cognition, locomotion, vitality, sensory (hearing and vision), and psychological) has been shown to be related with adverse outcomes and can guide actions towards primary prevention and healthy ageing.

Multiple quasi-perfect vector vortex beams with arbitrary 3D position on focus.

We show a method for creating multiple independent quasi-perfect vector vortex beams with real-time programmable radii, topological charges, polarization orders, and position in three dimensions using a device based on a phase-only liquid-crystal-on-silicon display. We achieved the simultaneous generation of up to seven independent beams, with topological charges from -3 to 3, and found great agreement between the simulated and the measured phases and polarization structures. Additionally, we used the same scheme for enhancing the depth of focus of a single beam, resulting in a "tube" beam that preserves its properties during propagation.

Effectiveness of a motivational intervention based on spirometry results to achieve smoking cessation in primary healthcare patients: randomised, parallel, controlled multicentre study.

Objective: This 12-month study in a primary healthcare network aimed to assess the effectiveness of usual smoking cessation advice compared with personalised information about the spirometry results.

Design: Randomised, parallel, controlled, multicentre clinical trial.

Setting: This study involved 12 primary healthcare centres (Tarragona, Spain).

A clinical trial to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet on smokers lung function.

Data on the association between lung function and some dietary patterns have been published. However, it is not yet well known if whether the Mediterranean Diet (MD) pattern can preserve or improve lung function. Our purpose is to evaluate the effect of increased MD adherence on lung function in smokers.

Postural Changes During Exteroceptive Thin Plantar Stimulation: The Effect of Prolonged Use and Different Plantar Localizations.

Somatosensory information arising from the foot has an important role in posture as well as visual and vestibular cues. Our hypothesis is that the effects of prolonged stimulation are greater than those of short stimulation and that varying the plantar location can affect postural control. Forty healthy participants were recruited and randomly assigned to four different plantar location groups: Lateral Insert (LI), Medial Insert (MI), Disharmonious Insert (DI), and Central Insert (CI).

Quantitative Evaluation of Muscle Function, Gait, and Postural Control in People Experiencing Critical Illness After Discharge From the Intensive Care Unit.

Background: The path to recovery of muscle strength and mobility following discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) has not been well described.

Objective: The study objective was to quantify muscle function, gait, and postural control at 3 and 6 months after discharge in people who were recovering from critical illness and who were ventilated for 7 days or more.

Design: This was a nested longitudinal study with continuous inclusion of individuals over a 2-year period and with age- and sex-matched controls.

Force plate targeting has no effect on spatiotemporal gait measures and their variability in young and healthy population.

Force plate targeting has been referenced as a confounding factor in gait research, but the literature is sparse. Asking participants to target force plates is a convenient strategy to increase the number of acceptable trials, but may inadvertently alter the motor control of gait and limit external validity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of visual targeting on spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic measures of gait and their variability.

Postural control is altered in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can lead to increased axial and peripheral joint stiffness, impairing joint mobility. Impaired axial mobility due to vertebral ankylosis may result in changes in standing postural control. Little research has addressed changes in standing postural control in the ankylosing spondylitis population, nor how these issues might affect clinical understanding and treatment.

Effectiveness of a structured motivational intervention including smoking cessation advice and spirometry information in the primary care setting: the ESPITAP study.

Background: There is current controversy about the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions that are based on information obtained by spirometry. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness in the primary care setting of structured motivational intervention to achieve smoking cessation, compared with usual clinical practice.

Design: Multicentre randomized clinical trial with an intervention and a control group.

[Prevalence of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders in adolescent girls in Reus (Spain)].

Introduction: Eating disorders are characterized by changes in eating patterns associated with a series of psychosocial conflicts, low self-esteem and poor empathy, and an obsession with slimming.

Objectives: The aims of the present study were: 1. To determinate the prevalence of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders in a representative sample of adolescent girls between the ages of 12 and 21 living in the city of Reus (Spain).

[Assessment of self-perceived body image in female adolescents aged 12-21 years in the city of Reus (Spain)].

Objective: To assess the degree of body image distortion in female adolescents and evaluate its association with the social esthetic model and the adoption of dietary measures.

Method: We performed a cross sectional, observational study in a random sample of female adolescents aged 12 to 21 years old. Information was gathered via two different sources.