A conceptual analysis of SBIRT implementation alongside the continuum of PrEP awareness: domains of fit and feasibility.

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is a supplementary intervention that can be incorporated into the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care Continuum, complementing initiatives and endeavors focused on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention in clinical care and community-based work. Referencing the Transtheoretical Model of Change and the PrEP Awareness Continuum, this conceptual analysis highlights how SBIRT amplifies ongoing HIV prevention initiatives and presents a distinct chance to address identified gaps. SBIRT's mechanisms show promise of fit and feasibility through (a) implementing universal Screening (S), (b) administering a Brief Intervention (BI) grounded in motivational interviewing aimed at assisting individuals in recognizing the significance of PrEP in their lives, (c) providing an affirming and supportive Referral to Treatment (RT) to access clinical PrEP care, and (d) employing client-centered and destigmatized approaches.

COVID-19 and Fidelity to the Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams Model.

Objective: Quick access to substance use treatment is associated with better outcomes, but little is known about COVID-19's impact on access and retention. This study examined the relationship between COVID-19-related practice changes and quick access fidelity outcomes of the Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams (START) program, which serves families with co-occurring substance use and child abuse/neglect.

Method: This study was a retrospective cohort comparison.

Predictors of cigarette smoking in pregnant women with substance use disorders.

Background: Cigarette smoking is common among pregnant women with substance use disorders (SUD) and may contribute to more adverse health consequences for the infant than alcohol and illicit drug use. However, most studies focused on stopping illicit drug use and paid little attention to cigarette smoking in pregnant women with SUD.

Purpose: To identify predictors of current smoking among pregnant women with SUD, given past-month psychological distress, alcohol use and illicit drug use, the receipt of past-year mental health and substance use treatment controlling for potential confounders.

Cigarette Smoking Cessation Counselling in Pregnant Smokers with Mental Illness/Substance Use Disorders.

Our objective was to determine if past-year mental illness and substance use disorders (SUD) among pregnant smokers predicted the probability of receipt of counselling for cigarette smoking cessation. A secondary analysis of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2016-2019 was conducted. We found that approximately 83% of pregnant smokers ( = 373) received screening for cigarette smoking, and 65% received cessation counselling.

Cigarette smoking cessation and mental health treatment receipt in a U.S national sample of pregnant women with mental illness.

Objectives: To (1) compare the probability of cigarette smoking cessation for pregnant women with and without past-year mental illness by the trimester of pregnancy; and (2) examine the association between the receipt of past-year mental health treatment and prenatal cigarette smoking cessation among pregnant lifetime-smokers with mental illness.

Methods: We conducted secondary analysis of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2008-2014. The NSDUH included 2019 pregnant lifetime smokers aged 18-44 years, 528 of whom had a mental illness.

The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams program for families with parental substance use: Comparison of child welfare outcomes through 12 months post-intervention.

Background: The 2018 Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA) shifted child welfare funding to interventions proven effective in preserving families with parental substance use and child welfare involvement. The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams (START) program serves this population with FFPSA aligned goals.

Objective: This study was the first to test the sustained effects of START from the initial CPS report through 12-months post-intervention.

Comparative outcomes for Black children served by the Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams program for families with parental substance abuse and child maltreatment.

Introduction: An urgent need exists for child welfare and substance use disorder (SUD) interventions that safely preserve Black families, engage parents in treatment services, and improve child and parent outcomes. The Title IV-E Prevention Services Clearinghouse rated The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams (START) as a promising practice for families with parental substance use and child maltreatment. This study is the first to test the effects of START on Black families.

Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams for families with co-occurring substance use and child maltreatment: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Co-occurring parental substance use and child maltreatment has increased in recent years and is associated with poor child welfare outcomes. The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams (START) program was developed to meet the needs of these families.

Objective: A randomized controlled trial was implemented to compare START to usual child welfare services on three outcomes: out-of-home care (OOHC) placements; reunification; and subsequent child maltreatment.

Peer-Led Training to Reduce Alcohol Misuse and Related Harm among Greek-Affiliated Students.

High-risk alcohol use on college campuses is a significant public health concern, especially among students in fraternities and sororities. Alcohol harm-reduction programs that include protective behavioral strategies (PBSs) provide a promising approach to curb drinking among students, yet results have been inconsistent among high-risk drinkers. To evaluate the impact of a harm-reduction, peer-led training program called "Voice of Reason" (VOR) on alcohol knowledge and behaviors among students in Greek chapters.

Motivational Interviewing in Child Welfare Services: A Systematic Review.

Families in the child welfare (CW) system who cannot be engaged in services are at high risk of negative outcomes. As motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to improve engagement in similar contexts. This study aimed to systematically review MI with CW families as well as MI training with CW workers and social work students training to become CW workers.

Trends in mental health and substance use disorders and treatment receipt among pregnant and nonpregnant women in the United States, 2008-2014.

Purpose: To compare trends in mental health and substance use disorders and treatment receipt of pregnant and nonpregnant women from 2008 to 2014.

Methods: Using data from the 2008-2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, logistic regression was used to compare trends in mental health and substance use disorders and treatment receipt for mental health and substance use disorders among propensity score-matched groups of pregnant ( = 5520) and nonpregnant women ( = 11,040). Among women in the matched sample who met criteria for at least one mental illness, trends in mental health treatment receipt of pregnant ( = 1003) and nonpregnant women ( = 2634) were compared.

Non-Prescribed Buprenorphine Use Mediates the Relationship between Heroin Use and Kratom Use among a Sample of Polysubstance Users.

In Asia, (e.g., "kratom") has been used to mitigate alcohol and drug dependence.

Racial/ethnic differences in mental health treatment among a national sample of pregnant women with mental health and/or substance use disorders in the United States.

Objective: To examine racial/ethnic differences in the receipt of mental health treatment among pregnant women with mental health (i.e., depression and serious psychological distress) and/or substance use disorders.

Prevalence and Correlates of Disability Among a Sample of Victimized Women on Probation and Parole.

The purpose of this exploratory study was to establish the prevalence of disability as measured by self-reported Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) receipt among a sample of women on probation and parole who have experienced interpersonal victimization in childhood and/or adulthood. Women receiving SSDI were more likely to be older, White, to live alone, and to score lower on measures of social support compared to women not receiving SSDI. SSDI recipients were also more likely to report poorer health, chronic pain, and more frequent health care service utilization.

Past-year nonmedical use of prescription drugs among women on probation and parole: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Prescription drug-related overdose deaths have increased dramatically in recent years. Women in the justice system experience high rates of drug use, victimization, trauma symptoms, and other health problems and would appear to be at high risk for nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD). This study will be among the first to describe prevalence and correlates of NMUPD among this population.

Involuntary Civil Commitment for Substance Use Disorder: Legal Precedents and Ethical Considerations for Social Workers.

Although each state in the United States legally authorizes involuntary civil commitment on the grounds of severe mental illness, a considerable number do not have comparable laws to mandate drug addiction treatment. This discrepancy is due, in part, to differing ethical positions regarding whether a substance use disorder diagnosis provides sufficient justification to suspend individual liberty rights. This article chronicles some of the legal and ethical thinking on the subject and applies them to a social work-specific context.

Medication-Assisted Treatment Improves Child Permanency Outcomes for Opioid-Using Families in the Child Welfare System.

Parents who use opioids and are involved in the child welfare system are less likely to retain custody of their children than parents who use other drugs. No previous studies have described medication-assisted treatment (MAT) utilization and child permanency outcomes for this population. The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Team (START) model is a child welfare-based intervention focused on families with co-occurring substance use and child abuse / neglect issues.

Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams in Rural Appalachia: Implementation and Outcomes.

The Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams (START) model is designed for families with co-occurring substance use and child maltreatment. This study describes the implementation and outcomes of START in a rural Appalachian county with high rates of poverty, non-medical prescription drug use, and child maltreatment. Despite a severely limited addiction treatment infrastructure at baseline, children served by START were less likely to experience recurrence of child abuse or neglect within 6 months or re-enter foster care at 12 months compared with a matched control group.

Nonmedical prescription opioid use among victimized women on probation and parole.

Background: Nonmedical prescription opioid use (NPOU) is a major public health concern and few studies have described this phenomenon among victimized women involved in the criminal justice system.

Objective: This study will describe the relationship between victimization, psychological distress, health status and NPOU among the vulnerable population of victimized women on probation and parole.

Methods: A sample of 406 women on probation and parole responded to items assessing victimization history, self-reported health status, physical pain, psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Teams: Implementation Fidelity and Related Outcomes.

Background: Although integrated programs between child welfare and substance abuse treatment are recommended for families with co-occurring child maltreatment and substance use disorders, implementing integrated service delivery strategies with fidelity is a challenging process.

Objective: This study of the first five years of the Sobriety Treatment and Recovery Team (START) program examines implementation fidelity using a model proposed by Carroll et al. (2007).

Psychological distress among victimized women on probation and parole: A latent class analysis.

Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups of victimized women (N = 406) on probation and parole differentiated by levels of general psychological distress. The 9 primary symptom dimensions from the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were used individually as latent class indicators (Derogatis, 1993). Results identified 3 classes of women characterized by increasing levels of psychological distress; classes were further differentiated by posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, cumulative victimization, substance use and other domains of psychosocial functioning (i.

Correlates of recent drug use among victimized women on probation and parole.

Guided by the Comprehensive Health Seeking and Coping Paradigm (CHSCP; Nyamathi, 1989), the present research sought to examine associations between victimization, psychological distress, lawbreaking and recent drug use (past 12 months) among 406 victimized women on probation and parole. Bivariate differences between women who reported recent drug use and those who did not report recent use were compared across the 4 domains of the CHSCP (sociodemographic characteristics, personal resources, lifetime victimization, dynamic crime and drug factors). Variables significantly related to recent drug use at the bivariate level were retained in the multivariate analysis.

Factors associated with high-frequency illicit methadone use among rural Appalachian drug users.

Background: In recent years there has been a sharp increase in the use of illicit methadone as well as methadone-related overdose deaths.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe factors associated with low- and high-frequency methadone use in a cohort of rural Appalachian drug users.

Methods: Interviews assessing sociodemographics, illicit drug use and drug treatment, psychiatric disorders, health and sociometric drug network characteristics were conducted with 503 rural drug users between 2008 and 2010.

Risky relationships: targeting HIV prevention for women offenders.

HIV is a health issue for women offenders who are at particularly high risk. Women's prisons can be opportune settings for HIV prevention interventions. How women perceive partner relationships could be central to targeting HIV interventions.