Photodynamic therapy light': An enhanced treatment protocol for actinic keratoses with minimal pain and optimal clinical outcome by combining laser-assisted low irradiance PDT with shortened daylight PDT.

Background: Between 2003 and 2016, 546 patients in our clinic discontinued outpatient treatment for actinic keratoses (AKs) using conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) because of intolerable pain, thereby necessitating the use of a less painful procedure. Therefore, we developed a novel off-label PDT protocol: 'PDT light'.

Methods: Laser-assisted low irradiance PDT (li-PDT) was performed beginning in 2014.