E-AHPBA-ESSO-ESSR Innsbruck consensus guidelines for preoperative liver function assessment before hepatectomy.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality after liver surgery. Standardized assessment of preoperative liver function is crucial to identify patients at risk. These European consensus guidelines provide guidance for preoperative patient assessment.

Functional hepatic deterioration determined by C-methacetin breath test is associated with impaired hemodynamics and late Fontan failure in adults.

Background: Despite improved survival a substantial number of Fontan patients eventually develop late failure. Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) is the most frequent end-organ dysfunction. Although impaired hemodynamics and Fontan failure correlate with FALD severity, no association between hepatic functional metabolic impairment and Fontan hemodynamics has been established.

Morphologic Alterations Precede Functional Hepatic Impairment as Determined by C-Methacetin Liver Function Breath Test in Adult Fontan Patients.

Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) is the most common end-organ dysfunction affecting up to 70-80% of the Fontan population. The clinical significance of FALD is incompletely understood and no unambiguous correlation between hepatic function and FALD severity has been established. In this study, we sought to evaluate maximal liver function capacity with liver maximum function capacity test (LiMAx®) in adult Fontan patients.

Liver function, quantified by the LiMAx test, as a predictor for the clinical outcome of critically ill patients treated with linezolid.

Background: Critically ill patients commonly suffer from infections that require antimicrobial therapy. In previous studies, liver dysfunction was shown to have an essential impact on the dose selection in these patients. This pilot study aims to assess the influence of liver dysfunction, measured by the novel LiMAx test, on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients treated with linezolid.

Metabolic heterogeneity of human hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for personalized pharmacological treatment.

Metabolic reprogramming is a characteristic feature of cancer cells, but there is no unique metabolic program for all tumors. Genetic and gene expression studies have revealed heterogeneous inter- and intratumor patterns of metabolic enzymes and membrane transporters. The functional implications of this heterogeneity remain often elusive.

Validation of a new prognostic model to predict short and medium-term survival in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background: MELD score and MELD score derivates are used to objectify and grade the risk of liver-related death in patients with liver cirrhosis. We recently proposed a new predictive model that combines serum creatinine levels and maximum liver function capacity (LiMAx®), namely the CreLiMAx risk score. In this validation study we have aimed to reproduce its diagnostic accuracy in patients with end-stage liver disease.

Pharmacokinetics of tigecycline in critically ill patients with liver failure defined by maximal liver function capacity test (LiMAx).

Background: In critically ill patients, tigecycline (TGC) remains an important therapeutic option due to its efficacy against multiresistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. TGC is metabolized and eliminated predominantly by the liver. Critical illness-induced liver failure may have a profound impact on the pharmacokinetic of TGC.

Erratum to "Expression Analysis of Fibronectin Type III Domain-Containing (FNDC) Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/3784172.].

Oral intake and plasma citrulline predict quality of life in patients with intestinal failure.

Objective: Chronic intestinal failure (cIF) is a rare medical condition usually treated by long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). Owing to disease-associated symptoms and treatment-specific complications, patients with cIF commonly present with reduced quality of life (QoL) compared with healthy controls. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with QoL in patients with cIF.

Future liver remnant function as a predictor of postoperative morbidity following liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma - A risk factor analysis.

Background: Advances in anaesthesia and surgical technique have considerably reduced mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing liver resection. However, extended resections in patients with liver cirrhosis still represent a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of volume/function analysis for the prediction of morbidity in HCC patients following liver resection.

Recent Advances and the Potential for Clinical Use of Autofluorescence Detection of Extra-Ophthalmic Tissues.

The autofluorescence (AF) characteristics of endogenous fluorophores allow the label-free assessment and visualization of cells and tissues of the human body. While AF imaging (AFI) is well-established in ophthalmology, its clinical applications are steadily expanding to other disciplines. This review summarizes clinical advances of AF techniques published during the past decade.

Assessing Non-Invasive Liver Function in Patients with Intestinal Failure Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition-Results from the Prospective PNLiver Trial.

Liver abnormalities in intestinal failure (IF) patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) can progress undetected by standard laboratory tests to intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). The aim of this longitudinal study is to evaluate the ability of non-invasive liver function tests to assess liver function following the initiation of PN. Twenty adult patients with IF were prospectively included at PN initiation and received scheduled follow-up assessments after 6, 12, and 24 months between 2014 and 2019.

A novel variant of the C-methacetin liver function breath test that eliminates the confounding effect of individual differences in systemic CO kinetics.

The principle of dynamic liver function breath tests is founded on the administration of a C-labeled drug and subsequent monitoring of CO in the breath, quantified as time series delta over natural baseline CO (DOB) liberated from the drug during hepatic CYP-dependent detoxification. One confounding factor limiting the diagnostic value of such tests is that only a fraction of the liberated CO is immediately exhaled, while another fraction is taken up by body compartments from which it returns with delay to the plasma. The aims of this study were to establish a novel variant of the methacetin-based breath test LiMAx that allows to estimate and to eliminate the confounding effect of systemic CO distribution on the DOB curve and thus enables a more reliable assessment of the hepatic detoxification capacity compared with the conventional LiMAx test.

Dynamic determination of functional liver capacity with the LiMAx test in post-cardiac arrest patients undergoing targeted temperature management-A prospective trial.

Background: Transiently increased transaminases is a common finding after cardiac arrest but little is known about the functional liver capacity (LiMAx) during the post-cardiac arrest syndrome and treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this trial was to evaluate liver function capacity in post-cardiac arrest survivors undergoing targeted temperature management (TTM) in ICU.

Methods: Thirty-two post-cardiac arrest survivors were prospectively included with all patients undergoing TTM at 33°C for 24 hours.

Dynamic liver function is an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival after curative liver resection for HCC - A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide. High tumour recurrence is the most common cause of the impaired 5-year survival rate of 26-58% after hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of preoperative dynamic liver function on long-term outcome.

Characterization of Lipid and Lipid Droplet Metabolism in Human HCC.

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis. While previous metabolic studies of HCC have mainly focused on the glucose metabolism (Warburg effect), less attention has been paid to tumor-specific features of the lipid metabolism. Here, we applied a computational approach to analyze major pathways of fatty acid utilization in individual HCC.

Expression Analysis of Fibronectin Type III Domain-Containing (FNDC) Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Fibronectin type III domain-containing () proteins fulfill manifold functions in tissue development and regulation of cellular metabolism. was described as anti-inflammatory factor, upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). signaling includes direct cell-cell interaction as well as release of bioactive peptides, like shown for or .

Non-canonical HIF-1 stabilization contributes to intestinal tumorigenesis.

The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF-1 is appreciated as a promising target for cancer therapy. However, conditional deletion of HIF-1 and HIF-1 target genes in cells of the tumor microenvironment can result in accelerated tumor growth, calling for a detailed characterization of the cellular context to fully comprehend HIF-1's role in tumorigenesis. We dissected cell type-specific functions of HIF-1 for intestinal tumorigenesis by lineage-restricted deletion of the Hif1a locus.

Identification of serological markers for pre- and postoperative fasting periods.

Background & Aims: Prolonged preoperative fasting periods lead to catabolic states and decelerate recovery after surgery. Valid plasma markers reflecting the patients' metabolic state may improve tailored nutrition support before surgery. Within this study, we sought to advance the knowledge on fasting time-sensitive plasma markers that allow the metabolic characterisation of surgical patients for an optimised preoperative metabolic preparation.

Predicting liver failure after extended right hepatectomy following right portal vein embolization with gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.

Objectives: Predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) after extended right hepatectomy following portal vein embolization (PVE) from serial gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Thirty-six patients who underwent hepatectomy following PVE were evaluated prospectively with gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI examinations at predefined intervals during the course of their treatment, i.e.

Advanced liver function assessment in patients with intestinal failure on long-term parenteral nutrition.

Background & Aims: Intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD) is one of the leading complications and causes of deaths in adult patients receiving home parenteral nutrition for chronic intestinal failure (CIF). Early diagnosis of IFALD is key to alleviate the progression of hepatic dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of noninvasive liver function tests.

Hepatic CYP1A2 activity in liver tumors and the implications for preoperative volume-function analysis.

Dynamic liver function assessment by the [C]methacetin maximal liver function capacity (LiMAx) test reflects the overall hepatic cytochrome -450 (CYP) 1A2 activity. One proven strategy for preoperative risk assessment in liver surgery includes the combined assessment of the dynamic liver function by the LiMAx test, the volumetric analysis of the liver, and calculation of future liver remnant function. This so-called volume-function analysis assumes that the remaining CYP1A2 activity in any tumor lesion is zero.