Comparison of capabilities and limitations of endoscopes in endoscopic ear surgeries using 3D printed models.

Purpose: Endoscopic ear surgery has become a popular operative approach to treat middle ear diseases. Surgeons use either 0° or 30° endoscopes worldwide. The main aim of the work was to compare the properties of these two types of endoscopes.

Newly Designed 3D-Printed Sonication Test Cell Optimized for In Vitro Sonication Experiments.

Objective: Precise control over the ultrasound field parameters experienced by biological samples during sonication experiments in vitro may be quite challenging. The main goal of this work was to outline an approach to construction of sonication test cells that would minimize the interaction between the test cells and ultrasound.

Methods: Optimal dimensions of the test cell were determined through measurements conducted in a water sonication tank using 3D-printed test objects.

Hybrid esophagectomy for oesophageal cancer: long-term results. A single-centre experience.

Introduction: The authors report long-term outcomes in patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and consequently underwent hybrid oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer (OC).

Aim: To evaluate long-term outcomes in patients suffering from OC, who underwent hybrid oesophagectomy.

Material And Methods: Our cohort consisted of patients suffering from OC, who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Far field during sonication experiments in vitro - Is it really far enough?

In many in vitro experiments studying ultrasound bioeffects the sonicated samples are placed to far field with intention of exposing them to as uniform ultrasound field as possible. The main aim of this work is to assess whether the sonicated samples really experience what they are believed to. Also we would like to suggest basic rules for construction of sonication vessels.

Therapeutic ultrasound experiments in vitro: Review of factors influencing outcomes and reproducibility.

Current in vitro sonication experiments show immense variability in experimental set-ups and methods used. As a result, there is uncertainty in the ultrasound field parameters experienced by sonicated samples, poor reproducibility of these experiments and thus reduced scientific value of the results obtained. The scope of this narrative review is to briefly describe mechanisms of action of ultrasound, list the most frequently used experimental set-ups and focus on a description of factors influencing the outcomes and reproducibility of these experiments.