'I didn't expect to be so close to being diabetic': beliefs of prediabetes and diabetes prevention among Hispanic men at a federally qualified health center.

Objectives: Prediabetes is disproportionately prevalent in Hispanic men in the United States. Weight management, such as through lifestyle interventions, effectively reduces diabetes risk. However, Hispanic men remain underrepresented in existing lifestyle interventions, and their preferences for engaging in preventative behaviors remain unexplored.

United States Provider Experiences With Telemedicine for Hepatitis C Treatment: A Nationwide Survey.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination requires treatment access expansion, especially for underserved populations. Telehealth has the potential to improve HCV treatment access, although data are limited on its incorporation into standard clinical practice. We conducted a cross-sectional, email survey of 598 US HCV treatment providers who had valid email addresses and (1) were located in urban areas and had written ≥ 20 prescriptions for HCV treatment to US Medicare beneficiaries in 2019-2020 or (2) were located in non-urban areas and wrote any HCV prescriptions in 2019-2020.

United States Provider Experiences with Telemedicine for Hepatitis C Treatment: A Nationwide Survey.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination requires treatment access expansion, especially for underserved populations. Telehealth has the potential to improve HCV treatment access, although data are limited on its incorporation into standard clinical practice.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, e-mail survey of 598 US HCV treatment providers who had valid email addresses and 1) were located in urban areas and had written ≥20 prescriptions for HCV treatment to US Medicare beneficiaries in 2019-20 or 2) were located in non-urban areas and wrote any HCV prescriptions in 2019-20.

The State of Hepatitis C Elimination from the Front Lines: A Qualitative Study of Provider-Perceived Gaps to Treatment Initiation.

Background: Hepatitis C (HCV) is a curable chronic infection, but lack of treatment uptake contributes to ongoing morbidity and mortality. State and national strategies for HCV elimination emphasize the pressing need for people with HCV to receive treatment.

Objective: To identify provider-perceived barriers that hinder the initiation of curative HCV treatment and elimination of HCV in the USA.

Association between claims-based setting of diagnosis and treatment initiation among Medicare patients with hepatitis C.

Objective: To develop a claims-based algorithm to determine the setting of a disease diagnosis.

Data Sources And Study Setting: Medicare enrollment and claims data from 2014 to 2019.

Study Design: We developed a claims-based algorithm using facility indicators, revenue center codes, and place of service codes to identify settings where HCV diagnosis first appeared.

Hepatitis C Virus Elimination Programs in Louisiana and Washington: Importance of Screening and Surveillance Systems.

The US government has established a national goal of hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination by 2030. To date, most HCV elimination planning and activity have been at the state level. Fifteen states presently have publicly available HCV elimination plans.

Towards diagnostic excellence on academic ward teams: building a conceptual model of team dynamics in the diagnostic process.

Objectives: Achieving diagnostic excellence on medical wards requires teamwork and effective team dynamics. However, the study of ward team dynamics in teaching hospitals is relatively underdeveloped. We aim to enhance understanding of how ward team members interact in the diagnostic process and of the underlying behavioral, psychological, and cognitive mechanisms driving team interactions.

Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees.

Importance: Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly effective but remains underused. Understanding disparities in the delivery of DAAs is important for HCV elimination planning and designing interventions to promote equitable treatment.

Objective: To examine variations in the receipt of DAA in the 6 months following a new HCV diagnosis.

How team clinical reasoning occurs on ward rounds: Implications for learning.

Background: Ward rounds offer a rich environment for learning about team clinical reasoning. We aimed to assess how team clinical reasoning occurs on ward rounds to inform efforts to enhance the teaching of clinical reasoning.

Methods: We performed focused ethnography of ward rounds over a 6-week period, during which we observed five different teams.

Digital Health at Enterprise Scale: Evaluation Framework for Selecting Patient-Facing Software in a Digital-First Health System.

The digital transformation of our health care system will require not only digitization of existing tools but also a redesign of our care delivery system and collaboration with digital partners. Traditional patient journeys are reactive to symptom presentation and delayed by health care system-centric scheduling, leading to poor experience and avoidable adverse outcomes. Patient journeys will be reimagined to a digital health pathway that seamlessly integrates various care experiences from telemedicine, remote monitoring, to in-person clinic visits.

Associations of peer generational status on adolescent weight across Hispanic immigrant generations: A social network analysis.

Background: Childhood obesity disproportionately impacts Hispanics in the United States (US), the nation's largest ethnic minority population. However, even among Hispanic children, those born in the US are at increased risk of developing obesity than those not born in the US (i.e.

Cultural and neighborhood characteristics associated with activity-specific parenting practices in Hispanic/Latino youth: a secondary analysis of the Hispanic Community Children's health study/study of Latino youth.

Hispanic/Latino youth are less physically active than non-Hispanic/Latino youth. We assessed whether activity-specific parenting practices relate to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior among Hispanic/Latino youth, and whether cultural (acculturation) and neighborhood characteristics (perceived barriers to activity) relate to the use of parenting practice patterns. Using the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth, n = 976 8-16-year-olds), we modeled linear regression associations between parenting practices and mean daily MVPA and sedentary behavior.

Impact of Hurricanes and Associated Extreme Weather Events on Cardiovascular Health: A Scoping Review.

Background: The frequency and destructiveness of hurricanes and related extreme weather events (e.g., cyclones, severe storms) have been increasing due to climate change.

Closing the Knowledge Gap in the Long-Term Health Effects of Natural Disasters: A Research Agenda for Improving Environmental Justice in the Age of Climate Change.

Natural disasters continue to worsen in both number and intensity globally, but our understanding of their long-term consequences on individual and community health remains limited. As climate-focused researchers, we argue that a publicly funded research agenda that supports the comprehensive exploration of these risks, particularly among vulnerable groups, is urgently needed. This exploration must focus on the following three critical components of the research agenda to promote environmental justice in the age of climate change: (1) a commitment to long term surveillance and care to examine the health impacts of climate change over their life course; (2) an emphasis on interventions using implementation science frameworks; (3) the employment of a transdisciplinary approach to study, address, and intervene on structural disadvantage among vulnerable populations.

Comparing Hospital Length of Stay Risk-Adjustment Models in US Value-Based Physician Payments.

Backgroung And Objectives: Under the Affordable Care Act, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services created the Physician Value-Based Payment Modifier Program and its successor, the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System, to tie physician payments to quality and cost. The addition of hospital length of stay (LOS) to these value-based physician payment models reflects its increasing importance as a metric of health care cost and efficiency and its association with adverse health outcomes. This study compared the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services-endorsed LOS risk-adjustment methodology with a novel methodology that accounts for pre-hospitalization clinical, socioeconomic status (SES), and admission-related factors as influential factors of hospital LOS.

Predictors of life-threatening complications in relatively lower-risk patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Older individuals with chronic health conditions are at highest risk of adverse clinical outcomes from COVID-19, but there is widespread belief that risk to younger, relatively lower-risk individuals is negligible. We assessed the rate and predictors of life-threatening complications among relatively lower-risk adults hospitalized with COVID-19. Of 3766 adults hospitalized with COVID-19 to three hospitals in New York City from March to May 2020, 963 were relatively lower-risk based on absence of preexisting health conditions.

Association Between Patient Diversity in Hospitals and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Patient Length of Stay.

Background: Hospitals serving a disproportionate share of racial/ethnic minorities have been shown to have poorer quality outcomes. It is unknown whether efficiencies in inpatient care, measured by length of stay (LOS), differ based on the proportion patients served by a hospital who are minorities.

Objective: To examine the association between the racial/ethnic diversity of a hospital's patients and disparities in LOS.

Challenges with social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic among Hispanics in New York City: a qualitative study.

Background: Hispanics in the United States are disproportionately affected by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). While social distancing and quarantining are effective methods to reduce its spread, Hispanics, who are more likely to be essential workers and live in multigenerational homes than non-Hispanics, may face challenges that limit their ability to carry out these preventative efforts. We elicited the experiences of Hispanic adults with social distancing and self-quarantining during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York.

Association Between Racial Disparities in Hospital Length of Stay and the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program.

Background: On average Black patients have longer LOS than comparable White patients. Longer hospital length of stay (LOS) may be associated with higher readmission risk. However, evidence suggests that the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) reduced overall racial differences in 30-day adjusted readmission risk.

Trends in Medical and Surgical Admission Length of Stay by Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status: A Time Series Analysis.

Background: Length of stay (LOS), a metric of hospital efficiency, differs by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) and longer LOS is associated with adverse health outcomes. Historically, projects to improve LOS efficiency have yielded LOS reductions by 0.3 to 0.

Thirty-Day Post-Discharge Outcomes Following COVID-19 Infection.

Background: The clinical course of COVID-19 includes multiple disease phases. Data describing post-hospital discharge outcomes may provide insight into disease course. Studies describing post-hospitalization outcomes of adults following COVID-19 infection are limited to electronic medical record review, which may underestimate the incidence of outcomes.