RBDtector: an open-source software to detect REM sleep without atonia according to visual scoring criteria.

REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) is a key feature for the diagnosis of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). We introduce RBDtector, a novel open-source software to score RSWA according to established SINBAR visual scoring criteria. We assessed muscle activity of the mentalis, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), and anterior tibialis (AT) muscles.

Dead space washout by intentional leakage flow during conventional ventilation of premature infants-an experimental study.

Objective: Invasive mechanical ventilation poses a strong risk factor for the development of chronic lung disease in preterm infants. A reduction of the dead space as part of the total breathing volume would reduce the ventilation effort and thereby lower the risk of ventilator-induced lung injuries. In this experimental study, we compared the efficacy of mechanical dead space washout via uncontrolled and controlled leakage flow in their ability to eliminate CO during conventional ventilation in preterm infants.

Repair of common arterial trunk: palliation and delayed correction as a viable alternative strategy in selected patients.

Objectives: Primary repair of common arterial trunk (CAT) is burdened by high mortality rates, especially in the presence of multiple risk factors. Timing, possible palliative methods, optimal management of associated cardiac lesions and handling of a poor preoperative state are still under discussion.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed all patients who underwent surgery for CAT in our institution between 2008 and November 2020.

Cinematic Rendering in Mixed-Reality Holograms: A New 3D Preoperative Planning Tool in Pediatric Heart Surgery.

Cinematic rendering (CR) is based on a new algorithm that creates a photo-realistic three-dimensional (3D) picture from cross-sectional images. Previous studies have shown its positive impact on preoperative planning. To date, CR presentation has only been possible on 2D screens which limited natural 3D perception.

Severe T-System Remodeling in Pediatric Viral Myocarditis.

Chronic heart failure (HF) in adults causes remodeling of the cardiomyocyte transverse tubular system (t-system), which contributes to disease progression by impairing excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. However, it is unknown if t-system remodeling occurs in pediatric heart failure. This study investigated the t-system in pediatric viral myocarditis.

Association of Lymphatic Abnormalities with Early Complications after Fontan Operation.

Background: Increased central venous pressure is inherent in Fontan circulation but not strongly related to Fontan complication. Abnormalities of the lymphatic circulation may play a crucial role in early Fontan complications.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study of patients undergoing Fontan operation from 2008 to 2015.

Deep Brain Stimulation for Chronic Cluster Headache: Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data.

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a treatment option for refractory chronic cluster headache (CCH). Despite several recent prospective case series reporting a good outcome, the effectiveness and the optimal stimulation target of DBS for CCH remain unclear. We aimed to obtain precise estimates and predictors of long-term pain relief in an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with severe involvement of the aortic valve-A sibling-controlled case study on the efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis.

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hoFH) can cause severe atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in early infancy. Diagnosis and initiation of effective lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) are recommended as early as possible to prevent ASCVD-related morbidity and mortality.

Methods: The clinical courses of a pair of siblings with an identical hoFH genotype, who exhibited major similarities of their clinical phenotype were analyzed in a case-control fashion including the family.

Risk factors for chylothorax and persistent serous effusions after congenital heart surgery.

Objectives: This study evaluated the various risk factors for chylothorax and persistent serous effusions (>7 days) after congenital heart surgery and developed equations to calculate the probability of their occurrence.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of different medical databases at the University Hospital of Erlangen between January 2014 and December 2016. Full model regression analysis was used to identify risk factors, and prediction algorithms were set up to calculate probabilities.

Derivation of Fiber Orientations From Oblique Views Through Human Brain Sections in 3D-Polarized Light Imaging.

3D-Polarized Light Imaging (3D-PLI) enables high-resolution three-dimensional mapping of the nerve fiber architecture in unstained histological brain sections based on the intrinsic birefringence of myelinated nerve fibers. The interpretation of the measured birefringent signals comes with conjointly measured information about the local fiber birefringence strength and the fiber orientation. In this study, we present a novel approach to disentangle both parameters from each other based on a weighted least squares routine (ROFL) applied to oblique polarimetric 3D-PLI measurements.

Intrinsic Response Towards Physiologic Stiffness is Cell-Type Dependent.

In the continuous search for better tissue engineering scaffolds it has become increasingly clear that the substrate properties dramatically affect cell responses. Here we compared cells from a physiologically stiff tissue, melanoma, to cells isolated from a physiologically soft tissue, brain. We measured the cell line responses to laminin immobilized onto glass or polyacrylamide hydrogels tuned to have a Young's modulus ranging from 1 to 390 kPa.

3D Reconstructed Cyto-, Muscarinic M2 Receptor, and Fiber Architecture of the Rat Brain Registered to the Waxholm Space Atlas.

High-resolution multiscale and multimodal 3D models of the brain are essential tools to understand its complex structural and functional organization. Neuroimaging techniques addressing different aspects of brain organization should be integrated in a reference space to enable topographically correct alignment and subsequent analysis of the various datasets and their modalities. The Waxholm Space (http://software.

Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) for long-term delivery of growth factor in rotator cuff repair: review, preliminary results and future directions.

Surgical repair of the rotator cuff repair is one of the most common procedures in orthopedic surgery. Despite it being the focus of much research, the physiological tendon-bone insertion is not recreated following repair and there is an anatomic non-healing rate of up to 94%. During the healing phase, several growth factors are upregulated that induce cellular proliferation and matrix deposition.

Sensitivity of osteoblasts, fibroblasts, bone marrow cells, and dendritic cells to 5-aminolevulinic acid based photodynamic therapy.

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA-PDT) exerts cell type specific effects on target cells. Since chondrocytes were found to be more resistant than osteoblasts to 5-ALA-PDT, the pre-treatment of osteochondral grafts with 5-ALA-PDT may represent a means to devitalize the osseous portion while maintaining functional cartilage. The present study was designed to determine the effects of 5-ALA-PDT in vitro on cell populations residing in skeletal tissues.