Generation of a Realistic Synthetic Laryngeal Cancer Cohort for AI Applications.

Background: Obtaining large amounts of real patient data involves great efforts and expenses, and processing this data is fraught with data protection concerns. Consequently, data sharing might not always be possible, particularly when large, open science datasets are needed, as for AI development. For such purposes, the generation of realistic synthetic data may be the solution.

Towards safer imaging: A comparative study of deep learning-based denoising and iterative reconstruction in intraindividual low-dose CT scans using an in-vivo large animal model.

Purpose: Computed tomography (CT) scans are a significant source of medically induced radiation exposure. Novel deep learning-based denoising (DLD) algorithms have been shown to enable diagnostic image quality at lower radiation doses than iterative reconstruction (IR) methods. However, most comparative studies employ low-dose simulations due to ethical constraints.

Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Performance of a Novel Hybrid-Technology Knife in an Animal Trial.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was developed for the removal of benign and early malignant lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to evaluate the performance and safety of a novel high-pressure waterjet-assisted ESD knife in colorectal applications. Six female German Landrace pigs with an average weight of 62 kg (range 60-65 kg) were used in this prospective, randomized, and controlled study.

How Real Are Computed Tomography Low Dose Simulations? An Investigational In-Vivo Large Animal Study.

Objectives: CT low-dose simulation methods have gained significant traction in protocol development, as they lack the risk of increased patient exposure. However, in-vivo validations of low-dose simulations are as uncommon as prospective low-dose image acquisition itself. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which simulated low-dose CT datasets resemble their real-dose counterparts.

Initial Crystallization Effects in Coarse-Grained Polyethylene Systems After Uni- and Biaxial Stretching in Blow-Molding Cooling Scenarios.

This study investigates the initial stage of the thermo-mechanical crystallization behavior for uni- and biaxially stretched polyethylene. The models are based on a mesoscale molecular dynamics approach. We take constraints that occur in real-life polymer processing into account, especially with respect to the blowing stage of the extrusion blow-molding process.

A new bipolar device for sealing and cutting: and studies for performance evaluation.

Introduction: A novel multipurpose bipolar radiofrequency instrument, the Erbe Dissector (EDS), which simultaneously seals and cuts tissue, was developed. sealing rate and time, burst pressure, jaw temperature and thermal spread were studied in porcine renal arteries.

Material And Methods: , 13 surgical tasks were performed in two pigs: beside sealing rate and time, overall performance in sharp and blunt dissection, tissue sticking, hemostasis, precision, etc.

Standardized procedure prevents perioperative and early complications in totally implantable venous-access ports-a complication analysis of more than 1000 TIVAP implantations.

Purpose: Since their invention 40 years ago, totally implantable venous-access ports (TIVAPs) have become indispensable in cancer treatment. The aim of our study was to analyze complications under standardized operative and perioperative procedures and to identify risk factors for premature port catheter explantation.

Methods: A total of 1008 consecutive TIVAP implantations were studied for success rate, perioperative, early, and late complications.

Early biomarkers predicting outcome in a porcine model of acetaminophen intoxication: A pilot study.

Background: Acetaminophen intoxication has become the leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in Europe and the USA.

Objectives: To identify early biomarkers in order to predict the development of ALF in a porcine model of acetaminophen intoxication.

Material And Methods: Six German Landrace pigs received a single acetaminophen bolus of 1 g/kg body weight via a jejunal catheter.

Retrospective analysis of different therapeutic approaches for retroperitoneal duodenal perforations.

Surgical therapy of duodenal perforation into the retroperitoneum entails high morbidity. Conservative treatment and endoscopic negative pressure therapy have been suggested as promising therapeutic alternatives. We aimed to retrospectively assess outcomes of patients treated for duodenal perforation to the retroperitoneum at our department.

Investigation of Crystallization and Relaxation Effects in Coarse-Grained Polyethylene Systems after Uniaxial Stretching.

In this study, we investigate the thermo-mechanical relaxation and crystallization behavior of polyethylene using mesoscale molecular dynamics simulations. Our models specifically mimic constraints that occur in real-life polymer processing: After strong uniaxial stretching of the melt, we quench and release the polymer chains at different loading conditions. These conditions allow for free or hindered shrinkage, respectively.

Intraperitoneal extension of the peritoneal dialysis catheter-a new technique for catheter implantation in patients with obesity.

Background: In patients with obesity and end-stage kidney disease, implantation of the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter may be complicated by increased abdominal circumference or skin folds. Relocation of the implantation site to the upper abdomen could solve this problem. However, this would require an extended catheter.

Safety and effectiveness of a novel generator algorithm for bipolar vessel sealing: a randomised controlled chronic animal study.

Background: Electrosurgical vessel sealers are gradually replacing conventional techniques such as ligation and clipping. Algorithms that control electrosurgical units (ESU), known as modes, are important for applications in different surgical disciplines. This chronic porcine animal study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the novel thermoSEAL electrosurgical vessel sealing mode (TSM).

A real-time model (eIBUB) for optimizing intraperitoneal drug delivery as an alternative to living animal models.

Background: Optimization of intraperitoneal drug delivery systems requires functional models. We proposed the Inverted Bovine Urinary Bladder Model (IBUB), but IBUB does not allow repeated measurements over time and there is a significant biological variability between organs.

Methods: A further development of IBUB is presented, based on the physical principle of communicating vessels.

Automated closed-loop management of body temperature using forced-air blankets: preliminary feasibility study in a porcine model.

Background: Management of a patient's body temperature is an important aspect of care that should be addressed by targeted temperature management (TTM). Often, non-invasive methods like forced-air blankets are used. Especially in the operating room this management may be a subsidiary and repetitive task requiring constant observation of the patient's body temperature and adaption using the limited set of available settings.

Pathophysiological central nervous system changes in a porcine model of acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure.

Background: Critical care management of patients suffering from acute liver failure (ALF) continues to be challenging. Animal models studying the pathophysiological central nervous system alterations during the course of ALF provide an opportunity to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to analyse the course of cerebral oxygenation in addition to conventional neuromonitoring during the course of acetaminophen-induced ALF.

Evaluation of a novel electrosurgical sealing mode in an ex vivo and in vivo porcine model.

Background: Bipolar vessel sealing has been successfully introduced in a variety of procedures like prostatectomy, hysterectomy, and nephrectomy. In this study, we evaluated a new sealing mode-the thermoSEAL mode (TSM)-operated with the VIO3 generator in an ex vivo and in vivo animal study and compared the results with the commercially available BiClamp mode (BCM), operated with the VIO300D generator. Two different instruments were used in combination with both modes, BiCision and BiClamp 201T (Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH).

Algorithm-based arterial blood sampling recognition increasing safety in point-of-care diagnostics.

Aim: To detect blood withdrawal for patients with arterial blood pressure monitoring to increase patient safety and provide better sample dating.

Methods: Blood pressure information obtained from a patient monitor was fed as a real-time data stream to an experimental medical framework. This framework was connected to an analytical application which observes changes in systolic, diastolic and mean pressure to determine anomalies in the continuous data stream.

Porcine model characterizing various parameters assessing the outcome after acetaminophen intoxication induced acute liver failure.

Aim: To investigate the changes of hemodynamic and laboratory parameters during the course of acute liver failure following acetaminophen overdose.

Methods: Eight pigs underwent a midline laparotomy following jejunal catheter placement for further acetaminophen intoxication and positioning of a portal vein Doppler flow-probe. Acute liver failure was realized by intrajejunal acetaminophen administration in six animals, two animals were sham operated.

Functional vascular anatomy of the peritoneum in health and disease.

The peritoneum consists of a layer of mesothelial cells on a connective tissue base which is perfused with circulatory and lymphatic vessels. Total effective blood flow to the human peritoneum is estimated between 60 and 100 mL/min, representing 1-2 % of the cardiac outflow. The parietal peritoneum accounts for about 30 % of the peritoneal surface (anterior abdominal wall 4 %) and is vascularized from the circumflex, iliac, lumbar, intercostal, and epigastric arteries, giving rise to a quadrangular network of large, parallel blood vessels and their perpendicular offshoots.

Pull-off characteristics of double-shanked compared to single-shanked ligation clips: an animal study.

Background: The use of surgical ligation clips is considered as the gold standard for the closure of vessels, particularly in laparoscopic surgery. The safety of clips is mainly achieved by the deep indentation of the metal bar with a high retention force. A novel double-shanked (DS) titanium clip was compared to two single-shanked clips with respect to axial and radial pull-off forces.

Quantitative Assessment of Iron-Labeled Stem-Cell Adhesion at the Vessel Wall in a Vascular Flow Model: Correlation of T2*-Weighted Imaging at 3 T and Histology.

Purpose: To evaluate the distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled cells in a perfused segment of a porcine artery and to estimate the number of adherent cells by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Materials And Methods: Six vessel specimens (diameters between 0.8 and 1.

First In Vivo Results of a Novel Pediatric Oxygenator with an Integrated Pulsatile Pump.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a pivotal bridge to recovery for cardiopulmonary failure in children. Besides its life-saving quality, it is often associated with severe system-related complications, such as hemolysis, inflammation, and thromboembolism. Novel oxygenator and pump systems may reduce such ECMO-related complications.