Are physical activity levels, cardiorespiratory fitness and peak power associated with Parkinson's disease severity?

Introduction: Increased physical activity (PA) may slow Parkinson's disease (PD) progression. Associations between markers of PA and PD severity could justify further studies evaluating interventions increasing PA levels in PD. The objectives of the present study were to assess associations between PA, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO-max), and muscle peak power and measures of the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), the Parkinson's disease questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39), and the four PD hallmark motor symptoms (rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, and tremor).

Exercise as medicine in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable and progressive neurological disorder leading to deleterious motor and non-motor consequences. Presently, no pharmacological agents can prevent PD evolution or progression, while pharmacological symptomatic treatments have limited effects in certain domains and cause side effects. Identification of interventions that prevent, slow, halt or mitigate the disease is therefore pivotal.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O) across the adult lifespan in persons with multiple sclerosis and matched healthy controls.

Objectives: Cardiorespiratory fitness (measured as peak oxygen uptake; V̇O) is a well-established health predictor in the general population and in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). We aimed to investigate differences in V̇O between age groups and the prevalence of V̇O impairments across the adult lifespan in pwMS compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Validity and reliability of VO-max testing in persons with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Direct whole body assessment of maximal oxygen consumption (VO-max test) is considered the gold standard when assessing cardiorespiratory fitness (VO-max) in healthy people. VO-max is also an important health and performance indicator for persons with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) and is often used when prescribing exercise and evaluating aerobic exercise interventions. However, no study has examined the content validity of the VO-max test in pwPD as well as the test-retest reliability (i.

Muscle Strength and Power in People With Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: No studies have synthesized the literature regarding mechanical muscle function (ie, strength, power, rate of force development [RFD]) in people with Parkinson disease (PD). Here, we aimed to expand our understanding of mechanical muscle function in people with PD (PwPD) by systematically reviewing (1) the psychometric properties of isokinetic/isometric dynamometry in PD, (2) the literature comparing mechanical muscle function in PwPD with healthy controls (HC), and (3) reported associations between muscle mechanical muscle function and functional capacity and/or disease severity.

Methods: Systematic literature search in 6 databases.

Parkinson's disease and intensive exercise therapy - An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

In 2015, Uhrbrand et al. published the first review on Parkinson´s disease (PD) and exercise entirely based on randomized controlled trials (RCT) applying strict exercise definitions. The present review aimed to update the PD literature by assessing the effects of different intensive exercise modalities: resistance training (RT), endurance training (ET), and other intensive exercise modalities (OITM).

Cortical diffusion kurtosis imaging and thalamic volume are associated with cognitive and walking performance in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: In multiple sclerosis (MS), pronounced neurodegeneration manifests itself as cerebral gray matter (GM) atrophy, which is associated with cognitive and physical impairments. Microstructural changes in GM estimated by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) may reveal neurodegeneration that is undetectable by conventional structural MRI and thus serve as a more sensitive marker of disease progression.

Objective: The primary objective was to investigate the relationships between morphological and diffusional properties in cerebral GM and physical and cognitive performance in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.

Efficacy of high-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive performance in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS). Progressive aerobic exercise (PAE) represents a promising approach toward preservation or even improvement of cognitive performance in people with MS (pwMS).

Objective: To investigate the effects of PAE on the cognitive domains of information processing, learning and memory, and verbal fluency in pwMS.

Exercise as Medicine in Multiple Sclerosis-Time for a Paradigm Shift: Preventive, Symptomatic, and Disease-Modifying Aspects and Perspectives.

Purpose Of Review: For many years, exercise was controversial in multiple sclerosis (MS) and thought to exacerbate symptoms and fatigue. However, having been found to be safe and effective, exercise has become a cornerstone of MS rehabilitation and may have even more fundamental benefits in MS, with the potential to change clinical practice again. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge of the effects of exercise as primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in MS.

Correction: Langeskov-Christensen, M., et al. Aerobic Capacity Is Not Associated with Most Cognitive Domains in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis-A Cross-Sectional Investigation. 2018, , 272.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Aerobic Capacity Is Not Associated with Most Cognitive Domains in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis-A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

(1) Background: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS). Staying physically fit may be associated with preservation of cognitive performance in persons with MS (pwMS); (2) Objective: To investigate the association between aerobic capacity and the cognitive domains of information processing, learning and memory, and verbal fluency as well as single and composite z-scores of the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests (BRBNT) in pwMS; (3) Methods: All subjects first performed the BRBNT and then a maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂-max) test on a bicycle ergometer as a measure of aerobic capacity. Simple and multiple (adjusting for age, sex, and education level) regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between aerobic capacity and cognitive performance in different domains.

Potential pathophysiological pathways that can explain the positive effects of exercise on fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A scoping review.

Background: Fatigue is one of the most common and most disabling symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is a multidimensional and complex symptom with multifaceted origins, involving both central and peripheral fatigue mechanisms. Exercise has proven to be safe for people with MS, with cumulating evidence supporting significant reductions in fatigue.

Pain, activities of daily living and sport function at different time points after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate pain, activities of daily living (ADL) function, sport function, quality of life and satisfaction at different time points after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Weighted mean differences between preoperative and postoperative outcomes were calculated and used for meta-analysis.

Can aerobic exercise alleviate flu-like symptoms following interferon beta-1a injections in patients with multiple sclerosis?

Background: Flu-like symptoms (FLS) are common side effects of interferon beta (IFNß) treatment, and may affect the willingness to initiate therapy, the long-term acceptability, and the adherence to the treatment. Case reports suggest that aerobic exercise is able to markedly reduce FLS following IFNß-1a injections in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Objective: To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise can alleviate FLS following IFNß-1a injections in PwMS, and secondarily to examine whether or not fluctuations in circulating cytokines provide a mechanism that can explain a potential positive effect.

Cardiopulmonary fitness is related to disease severity in multiple sclerosis.

Background: In persons with MS (pwMS), a lower cardiopulmonary fitness has been associated with a higher risk for secondary disorders, decreased functional capacity, symptom worsening and reduced health-related quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the association between disease severity and cardiopulmonary fitness.

Methods: Data from cardiopulmonary exercise tests, previously conducted in three different countries, were pooled.

Aerobic capacity in persons with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Aerobic capacity (VO2max) is a strong health and performance predictor and is regarded as a key physiological measure in the healthy population and in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). However, no studies have tried to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding VO2max in PwMS.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) systematically review the psychometric properties of the VO2max test; (2) systematically review the literature on VO2max compared with healthy populations; (3) summarize correlates of VO2max; and (4) to review and conduct a meta-analysis of longitudinal exercise studies evaluating training-induced effects on VO2max in PwMS.

Validity and reliability of VO₂-max measurements in persons with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Direct measurement of whole body maximal oxygen consumption (VO2-max test) is considered the gold standard when assessing cardiorespiratory fitness. Nonetheless, the validity and reliability of the test have not been examined in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Objective: To investigate the validity and reliability of VO2-max measurements in PwMS, and additionally to compare these measures to those of healthy controls.