[O]HO myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography: Added value of relative stress perfusion deficit in the prediction of significant coronary artery stenosis in a mixedpopulation.

Background: It remains unknown whether estimation of the relative stress perfusion deficit offers added value in the prediction of significant coronary artery stenosis in myocardial perfusion imaging with [O]HO positron emission tomography (PET) in a population with high prevalence of established cardiac disease.

Methods: During eight months, we consecutively included all patients undergoing [O]HO PET and subsequent invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Significant stenosis was defined from ICA as fractional flow reserve ≤.

Effects of levothyroxine substitution therapy on hunger and food intake in individuals with hypothyroidism.

Context: In individuals with hypothyroidism and overweight, levothyroxine substitution therapy is often expected to cause weight loss due to its effect on resting energy expenditure. However, despite levothyroxine-induced enhancement of resting energy expenditure, fat mass loss is rarely seen after levothyroxine substitution therapy. The mechanism behind this conundrum is unknown.

Diagnostic Value of Composite and Simplified FDG-PET/CT Scores in Polymyalgia Rheumatica and the Influence of Recent Glucocorticoid Treatment-A Retrospective Diagnostic Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is increasingly used to demonstrate inflammation in specific sites typical for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Scoring systems based on FDG uptake have been proposed to increase diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Retrospective inclusion of 198 consecutive patients ≥40 years of age referred for FDG-PET from the Department of Rheumatology.

Safety and efficacy of liraglutide versus colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea: a randomised, double-blind, active-comparator, non-inferiority clinical trial.

Background: Bile acid diarrhoea is an underdiagnosed disease estimated to affect 1-2% of the general population. Case reports indicate that the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide might be an effective treatment for bile acid diarrhoea. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of liraglutide for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea.

Changes in quality of life 6 months after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: The extent of symptoms due to primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) depends on the population being studied. PHPT is mainly discovered incidentally through routine laboratory findings. Less is known about patient-experienced improvement following successful parathyroidectomy.

Preoperative imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism: Are C-Choline PET/CT and Tc-MIBI/ Iodide subtraction SPECT/CT interchangeable or do they supplement each other?

Objective: Preoperative location of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands (HPGs) is vital when planning minimally invasive surgery in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Dual-isotope subtraction scintigraphy with Tc-MIBI/ Iodide using SPECT/CT and planar pinhole imaging (Di-SPECT) has shown high sensitivity, but is challenged by high radiation dose, time consumption and cost. C-Choline PET/CT (faster with a lower radiation dose) is non-inferior to Di-SPECT.

Height and bone mineral content after inhaled corticosteroid use in the first 6 years of life.

Background: Infants and young children might be particularly susceptible to the potential side effects from inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) on height and bone mineral content (BMC), but this has rarely been studied in long-term prospective studies.

Methods: Children from two Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood cohorts were included. ICS use was registered prospectively from birth to age 6 and the cumulative dose was calculated.

High-dose vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and 25(OH)D sufficiency in childhood reduce the risk of fractures and improve bone mineralization in childhood: Follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Exposure to vitamin D in early life has been associated with improved bone mineralization, but no studies have investigated the combined effect of pregnancy supplementation and childhood 25(OH)D concentrations on bone health.

Methods: We analyzed the effect of serum 25(OH)D concentrations at age 6 months and 6 years and the combined effect with prenatal high-dose vitamin D (2800 vs. 400 IU/day) on bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at age 3 and 6 years and longitudinal risk of fractures in a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC) mother-child cohort with enrollment from March 4, 2009, to November 17, 2010, and clinical follow-up until January 31, 2019 (NCT00856947).

Biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis.

Psoriasis is linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that is underestimated by traditional risk stratification. We conducted a large-scale plasma proteomic analysis by use of a proximity extension assay in 85 patients with a history of moderate-to-severe psoriasis with or without established atherosclerotic CVD. Differentially expressed proteins associated with CVD were correlated with subclinical atherosclerotic markers including vascular inflammation determined by F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), carotid artery plaques, and coronary artery calcium score (CCS) in the patients without CVD and statin treatment.

Neutrophil Pathways of Inflammation Characterize the Blood Transcriptomic Signature of Patients with Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Patients with psoriasis have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The molecular mechanisms behind this connection are not fully understood, but the involvement of neutrophils have drawn attention as a shared inflammatory factor.

Methods: RNA sequencing using the Illumina platform was performed on blood from 38 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis; approximately half had prior CVD.

Multiscale Biology of Cardiovascular Risk in Psoriasis: Protocol for a Case-Control Study.

Background: Patients with psoriasis have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of traditional risk factors. The molecular mechanisms underlying the psoriasis-CVD connection are not fully understood. Advances in high-throughput molecular profiling technologies and computational analysis techniques offer new opportunities to improve the understanding of disease connections.

Locating hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands using C-Choline PET/CT: an inter- and intra-observer variation study.

Background: Use of C-Choline PET/CT is gaining ground in detecting hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the robustness of C-Choline PET/CT by assessing intra- and inter-observer agreement to determine whether the method was reader sensitive and therefore should only be performed at highly specialised sites with a high number of cases. PET/CT images of 40 patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism were anonymised and evaluated three times by three readers: an expert reader and two non-experts (non-experts were experienced in PET/CT imaging, but not in C-Choline PET/CT in the setting of primary hyperparathyroidism).

Predictors of Improvement in Quality of Life When Treating Hypothyroidism.

Background: Primary hypothyroidism is characterized by reduced quality of life (QoL). Although thyrotropin (TSH) is utilized as the primary indicator of thyroid disease and treatment adequacy, no simple correlation between QoL and TSH has been shown. This study aimed to investigate changes in clinically relevant predictors during initiation of levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy and their ability to predict improvement in QoL.

Associations between Inhaled Corticosteroid Use in the First 6 Years of Life and Obesity-related Traits.

Infants and young children might be particularly likely to experience the potential clinical side effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) on body mass index (BMI), adiposity rebound (AR), and body composition, but this has rarely been studied in long-term studies in this age group. To determine the association between ICS exposure in the first 6 years of life and the BMI, AR, body composition, and blood lipid concentrations. Children from the two mother-child cohorts of the COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood) were included.

Association between Vascular Inflammation and Inflammation in Adipose Tissue, Spleen, and Bone Marrow in Patients with Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) with significant overlap of inflammatory pathways. A link between vascular inflammation and inflammation in multiple adipose tissue types, spleen, and bone marrow may exist. Therefore, we investigated these associations using F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG-PET/CT) in patients with psoriasis ( = 83) where half had established CVD.

C-Choline PET/CT vs. Tc-MIBI/Iodide Subtraction SPECT/CT for Preoperative Detection of Abnormal Parathyroid Glands in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective, Single-Centre Clinical Trial in 60 Patients.

Background: In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) locating hyperfunctioning glands (HPGs) is crucial when planning minimally invasive surgery. Dual-isotope subtraction scintigraphy with Tc-MIBI/Iodide using SPECT/CT and planar pinhole imaging (Method A) has previously shown a sensitivity >93%. However, the method is costly and time consuming and entails a high radiation dose.

Added Value of Subtraction SPECT/CT in Dual-Isotope Parathyroid Scintigraphy.

Background: Adding subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) to dual isotope (I-123 and Tc-99m-sestamibi) subtraction parathyroid scintigraphy is not widely implemented. We aimed to assess the added value of dual isotope subtraction SPECT/CT over single isotope SPECT/CT as an adjunct to dual isotope planar pinhole subtraction scintigraphy.

Methods: Parathyroid scintigraphies from 106 patients with an estimated total of 415 parathyroid glands who (1) were diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism, (2) underwent dual isotope subtraction scintigraphy in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, Denmark throughout 2017 and (3) underwent subsequent parathyroidectomy, were included.

Effect of High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy on Bone Mineralization in Offspring Until Age 6 Years: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of a Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Studies suggest an association between maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and offspring anthropometry and bone mineralization, but investigations are few and with mixed results.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a high dose vs standard dose of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on anthropometric and bone outcomes until age 6 years in the offspring.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prespecified analysis of a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 mother-child cohort that included 623 pregnant mothers and their 584 children.

[Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy].

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) resulting from deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart is an underrecognised cause of heart failure in the elderly and is associated with a poor life expectancy. The diagnosis can now be made by radionuclide imaging with bone tracers, provided absence of plasma-cell dyscrasia. Recent evidence has suggested a considerable prevalence of ATTR-CM, and effective treatment has become available.

Antibiotic exposure in infancy and development of BMI and body composition in childhood.

Background: It has been hypothesized that antibiotic usage in early life could contribute to development of overweight in childhood. Studies have seen association between antibiotic usage and overweight in childhood. We aimed to investigate the relationship between antibiotic exposure in infancy and development of body mass index (BMI) and body composition.

Lobar Quantification by Ventilation/Perfusion SPECT/CT in Patients with Severe Emphysema Undergoing Lung Volume Reduction with Endobronchial Valves.

Background: Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) therapy using one-way valves is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with severe heterogeneous emphysema. A successful treatment results in atelectasis of the treated pulmonary lobe with subsequent reduction of ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q).

Objective: We evaluated the effects of ELVR on the targeted lobe using a new 3-dimensional ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) analysis, which allows for simultaneous semi-automatic lobar pulmonary quantification of volume, ventilation and perfusion, on the first consecutive patients treated with ELVR at Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

Effect of fish oil supplementation in pregnancy on bone, lean, and fat mass at six years: randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To examine the effect of supplementation with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) in pregnancy on anthropometry and body composition in offspring.

Design: Double blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood cohort.