Defective 3A trophoblast-endometrial cell adhesion and altered 3A growth and survival by human papillomavirus type 16 oncogenes.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are found in trophoblasts of spontaneous abortions and replicate in these cells in culture. We used recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) to introduce the HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncogenes into 3A trophoblasts. AAV/E7/Neo-infected 3A trophoblasts died rapidly, but AAV/E6/Neo- and AAV/E6-E7/Neo-infected cells grew more rapidly than AAV/Neo-infected 3A cells and parental 3A.

The negative impact of the repeal of the Arkansas motorcycle helmet law.

Background: On July 1, 1997, Arkansas became the first state in 14 years to repeal their adult helmet law. We examined the clinical and financial impact of this repeal.

Methods: A 6-year retrospective review was conducted of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences trauma registry including the 3 years before and the 3 years after the repeal of the helmet law.