Background: The route and rate of degradation of thiamethoxam in the laboratory and field was investigated. The effect of dark incubation versus light/dark cycles, seed treatment versus spray, and watering-in for spray application was explored in side-by-side trials.
Results: Geometric mean DT values were 75.
Background: Thiamethoxam is a systemic and contact pesticidal active substance in the neonicotinoid class of insecticides used worldwide to control a range of insects. Recently, concerns have been expressed regarding possible effects of neonicotinoids on bees and other wildlife. The DT50 of thiamethoxam in soil may be crucial to assessing the potential long-term exposure of non-target organisms to thiamethoxam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Orthop
February 2006
Injuries to skeletally immature individuals sustained during restraints have been rarely documented. The authors report a series of five proximal humerus fractures in skeletally immature patients (average age 15.3 years) that occurred during restraint with handcuffs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
September 2004
This report describes a scoping study conducted in order to establish whether pharmaceutical compounds may be present in UK estuaries. Surface water samples collected from five UK estuaries were analysed for the presence of 14 pharmaceutical compounds selected from the priority lists of the UK Environment Agency and the Oslo and Paris Commission (OSPAR). The pharmaceutical compounds/metabolites clofibric acid, clotrimazole, dextropropoxyphene, diclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, propranolol, tamoxifen and trimethoprim were detected at measurable concentrations in the samples collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA simple method is presented for the analysis of 13 pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical metabolite compounds in sewage effluents and surface waters. The pharmaceutical compounds were extracted using a genetic solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using Phenomenex Strata X as a stationary phase. Extracts were quantitatively analysed by four separate reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) techniques and quantified by comparison with an internal standard ([13C]-phenacetin).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent regulatory risk assessment procedures only assess the impact of antifouling paint biocides that are released through leaching from a painted surface. Hull cleaning activities can lead to particles of antifouling paint containing biocides to enter the environment. Comparative pseudo-first order anaerobic degradation rate constants and half-lives were determined for a selection of common antifouling paint booster biocides, their degradation products, and associated with paint particles.
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