Temporal and geographic patterns of stab injuries in young people: a retrospective cohort study from a UK major trauma centre.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of assaults resulting in stab injuries among young people. We hypothesised that there are specific patterns and risk factors for injury in different age groups.

Design: Eleven-year retrospective cohort study.

Disorganisation, thought disorder and socio-cognitive functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Background: Poor social cognition is prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Some authors argue that these effects are symptom-specific and that socio-cognitive difficulties (e.g.

Users' experiences of an online intervention for bipolar disorder: important lessons for design and evaluation.

Background: The evidence base for digital interventions for physical and mental health, including severe and enduring mental health difficulties, is increasing. In a feasibility trial, web-based Enhanced Relapse Prevention (ERPonline) for bipolar disorder demonstrated high recruitment and retention rates. Relative to participants in the waitlist control group, those who received ERPonline showed increased monitoring for early warning signs of relapse and had developed more positive illness models.

Assessing Feasibility and Acceptability of Web-Based Enhanced Relapse Prevention for Bipolar Disorder (ERPonline): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Interventions that teach people with bipolar disorder (BD) to recognize and respond to early warning signs (EWS) of relapse are recommended but implementation in clinical practice is poor.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate a Web-based enhanced relapse prevention intervention (ERPonline) and to report preliminary evidence of effectiveness.

Methods: A single-blind, parallel, primarily online RCT (n=96) over 48 weeks comparing ERPonline plus usual treatment with "waitlist (WL) control" plus usual treatment for people with BD recruited through National Health Services (NHSs), voluntary organizations, and media.

Gluteal compartment syndrome with severe rhabdomyolysis.

Gluteal compartment syndrome is a rare entity but a recognised complication of prolonged immobilisation. It can present as renal failure as a result of severe rhabdomyolysis and can lead to sepsis and death. We report a case of gluteal compartment syndrome in a 25-year-old man who was found unconscious following intoxication with alcohol and cocaine of an unknown duration.

The probability of extinction in a bovine respiratory syncytial virus epidemic model.

Backward bifurcation is a relatively recent yet well-studied phenomenon associated with deterministic epidemic models. It allows for the presence of multiple subcritical endemic equilibria, and is generally found only in models possessing a reasonable degree of complexity. One particular aspect of backward bifurcation that appears to have been virtually overlooked in the literature is the potential influence its presence might have on the behaviour of any analogous stochastic model.

Dynamic phenomena arising from an extended Core Group model.

In order to obtain a reasonably accurate model for the spread of a particular infectious disease through a population, it may be necessary for this model to possess some degree of structural complexity. Many such models have, in recent years, been found to exhibit a phenomenon known as backward bifurcation, which generally implies the existence of two subcritical endemic equilibria. It is often possible to refine these models yet further, and we investigate here the influence such a refinement may have on the dynamic behaviour of a system in the region of the parameter space near R(0)=1.

Backward bifurcation, equilibrium and stability phenomena in a three-stage extended BRSV epidemic model.

In this paper we consider the phenomenon of backward bifurcation in epidemic modelling illustrated by an extended model for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) amongst cattle. In its simplest form, backward bifurcation in epidemic models usually implies the existence of two subcritical endemic equilibria for R(0) < 1, where R(0) is the basic reproductive number, and a unique supercritical endemic equilibrium for R(0) > 1. In our three-stage extended model we find that more complex bifurcation diagrams are possible.