miR-193b-5p and miR-374b-5p Are Aberrantly Expressed in Endometriosis and Suppress Endometrial Cell Migration In Vitro.

(1) Background: Endometriosis is a highly prevalent gynecological disease affecting 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. miRNAs may play a role in endometriosis, though their exact function remains unclear. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in endometriosis and study their functions in the disease.

Decreased expression of Syndecan- 1 (CD138) in the endometrium of adenomyosis patients suggests a potential pathogenetic role.

Introduction: Adenomyosis is a special subtype of endometriosis, affecting the myometrium, affecting about 20% of women in the reproductive age period. Clinical symptoms and intensity are diverse and can vary from heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea to infertility and repeated pregnancy losses. Thus, patients often present with a long history of illness pending presumptive clinical or surgical diagnosis.

Expression of Reversion-Inducing Cysteine-Rich Protein with Kazal Motifs () Gene and Its Regulation by miR200b in Ovarian Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a common chronic disorder characterized by the growth of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. The disease is associated with chronic inflammation and pelvic pain and may have an impact on the patient's fertility. The causative factors and pathophysiology of the disease are still poorly recognized.

Carboxypeptidase Inhibitor LXN Expression in Endometrial Tissue Is Menstrual Cycle Phase-Dependent and Is Upregulated in Endometriotic Lesions.

Endometriosis is a chronic hormone-dependent disease characterized by the spread of endometrial cells outside the uterus, which form endometriotic lesions and disrupt the functions of the affected organs. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis is still unclear, and thus it is important to examine the genes that may contribute to the establishment of endometriotic lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of new potential candidate gene (), an inhibitor of carboxypeptidases, in endometrium and endometriotic lesions to elucidate its possible role in endometriosis development.

Epigenetic Targeting of Heparan Sulfate 3-- and 6--Sulfation in Breast Cancer Cells: Prospects for Attenuating Prothrombotic Tumor Cell Activities.

The deregulation of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) is a main issue of cancer cells for increasing their malignancy. In these terms, the sulfation pattern of HS, created by an orchestrated activity of enzymes balancing a site-specific sulfation, is of key importance. These enzymes are often deregulated by epigenetic processes in cancer, e.

Assessment of the Ferroptosis Regulators: Glutathione Peroxidase 4, Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 4, and Transferrin Receptor 1 in Patient-Derived Endometriosis Tissue.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, plays a pivotal role in various diseases and is gaining considerable attention in the realm of endometriosis. Considering the classical pathomechanism theories, we hypothesized that ferroptosis, potentially driven by increased iron content at ectopic sites, may contribute to the progression of endometriosis. This retrospective case-control study provides a comprehensive immunohistochemical assessment of the expression and tissue distribution of established ferroptosis markers: GPX4, ACSL4, and TfR1 in endometriosis patients.

Long-term culture of patient-derived mammary organoids in non-biogenic electrospun scaffolds for identifying metalloprotein and motor protein activities in aging and senescence.

We recently identified TMEM230 as a master regulator of the endomembrane system of cells. TMEM230 expression is necessary for promoting motor protein dependent intracellular trafficking of metalloproteins for cellular energy production in mitochondria. TMEM230 is also required for transport and secretion of metalloproteinases for autophagy and phagosome dependent clearance of misfolded proteins, defective RNAs and damaged cells, activities that decline with aging.

Transmembrane protein TMEM230, regulator of metalloproteins and motor proteins in gliomas and gliosis.

Glial cells provide physical and chemical support and protection for neurons and for the extracellular compartments of neural tissue through secretion of soluble factors, insoluble scaffolds, and vesicles. Additionally, glial cells have regenerative capacity by remodeling their physical microenvironment and changing physiological properties of diverse cell types in their proximity. Various types of aberrant glial and macrophage cells are associated with human diseases, disorders, and malignancy.

Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: From Molecular Pathologies to Clinical Relevance.

Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue. Despite being benign, endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Ovarian cancer is rare, but more common in women with endometriosis, particularly endometrioid and clear-cell carcinomas.

Transmembrane Protein TMEM230, Regulator of Glial Cell Vascular Mimicry and Endothelial Cell Angiogenesis in High-Grade Heterogeneous Infiltrating Gliomas and Glioblastoma.

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are characterized by a heterogeneous and aggressive population of tissue-infiltrating cells that promote both destructive tissue remodeling and aberrant vascularization of the brain. The formation of defective and permeable blood vessels and microchannels and destructive tissue remodeling prevent efficient vascular delivery of pharmacological agents to tumor cells and are the significant reason why therapeutic chemotherapy and immunotherapy intervention are primarily ineffective. Vessel-forming endothelial cells and microchannel-forming glial cells that recapitulate vascular mimicry have both infiltration and destructive remodeling tissue capacities.

Nuclear localization of heparanase 2 (Hpa2) attenuates breast carcinoma growth and metastasis.

Unlike the intense research effort devoted to exploring the significance of heparanase in cancer, very little attention was given to Hpa2, a close homolog of heparanase. Here, we explored the role of Hpa2 in breast cancer. Unexpectedly, we found that patients endowed with high levels of Hpa2 exhibited a higher incidence of tumor metastasis and survived less than patients with low levels of Hpa2.

A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions.

Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated polysaccharides that are covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). This article summarizes key biological findings for the most widespread GAGs, namely HA, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), keratan sulfate (KS), and heparan sulfate (HS). It focuses on the major processes that remain to be deciphered to get a comprehensive view of the mechanisms mediating GAG biological functions.

Management of Uterine Fibroids and Sarcomas: The Palermo Position Paper.

Background: Uterine fibroids are benign monoclonal tumors originating from the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium, constituting the most prevalent pathology within the female genital tract. Uterine sarcomas, although rare, still represent a diagnostic challenge and should be managed in centers with adequate expertise in gynecological oncology.

Objectives: This article is aimed to summarize and discuss cutting-edge elements about the diagnosis and management of uterine fibroids and sarcomas.

Compartmental Syndecan-1 (CD138) expression as a novel prognostic marker in triple-negative metaplastic breast cancer.

Background: Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is rare, aggressive, and mostly triple-negative (TN) subtype of BC. We aimed to investigate the potential prognostic significance of Syndecan-1 (SDC1/CD138) expression in this unique tumor.

Methods: Archived charts of 50 TNBC patients [21 MpBC and 29 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)] were retrospectively evaluated.

The Musashi RNA-binding proteins in female cancers: insights on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic relevance.

RNA-binding proteins have increasingly been identified as important regulators of gene expression given their ability to bind distinct RNA sequences and regulate their fate. Mounting evidence suggests that RNA-binding proteins are involved in the onset and progression of multiple malignancies, prompting increasing interest in their potential for therapeutic intervention.The Musashi RNA binding proteins Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 were initially identified as developmental factors of the nervous system but have more recently been found to be ubiquitously expressed in physiological tissues and may be involved in pathological cell behavior.

Sox-2 positive cells identified in lymph nodes from endometriosis patients may play a role in the disease pathogenesis.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize Sox-2 in sentinel lymph nodes and randomly obtained lymph nodes from endometriosis (EM) patients for the first time.

Study Design: This prospective study analyzed tissue samples from surgical specimens collected from May until December 2007 in the Endometriosis Center Charité, Berlin. Lymph node samples from 38 women aged between 22 and 49 years who underwent laparoscopy due to symptomatic EM were analyzed.

Dysregulated Stem Cell Markers Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 are Associated with Therapy Resistance in Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

Background And Aim: While preliminary evidence points to pro-tumorigenic roles for the Musashi (MSI) RNA-binding proteins Musashi-1 (MSI1) and Musashi-2 (MSI2) in some breast cancer subtypes, no data exist for inflammatory breast cancer (IBC).

Methods: MSI gene expression was quantified in IBC SUM149PT cells. We then used small interfering RNA-based MSI1 and MSI2 double knockdown (DKD) to understand gene expression and functional changes upon MSI depletion.

Role of Syndecans in Ovarian Cancer: New Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth cancer both in prevalence and mortality in women and represents the deadliest female reproductive cancer. Due to generally vague symptoms, OC is frequently diagnosed only at a late and advanced stage, resulting in high mortality. The tumor extracellular matrix and cellular matrix receptors play a key role in the pathogenesis of tumor progression.

New Roles for Old Friends: Involvement of the Innate Immune System in Tumor Progression.

The association between the immune system and tumor progression has attracted much interest in the research community in recent years [...

Tumor suppressor miR-218 directly targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in triple-negative breast cancer, sensitizing cells to irradiation.

Purpose: MicroRNA-218 (miR-218) is a key regulator of numerous processes relevant to tumor progression. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the relationship between miR-218 and the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) as well as to understand downstream effects in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: We assessed miR-218 and EGFR expression in cell lines and publicly available primary breast cancer gene expression data.

The Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Syndecan-1 Triggers Breast Cancer Cell-Induced Coagulability by Induced Expression of Tissue Factor.

Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) upregulation is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Sdc-1 knockdown results in reduced angiogenesis and the dysregulation of tissue factor (TF) pathway constituents. Here, we evaluate the regulatory mechanisms and functional consequences of the Sdc-1/TF-axis using Sdc-1 knockdown and overexpression approaches in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.