The Effects of Silymarin on Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Hepatic and Renal Toxicities in Domestic Pigeons ().

This study evaluated the effects of silymarin on acetaminophen-induced acute liver and kidney toxicities in domestic pigeons (). Standard colorimetric methods with commercial kits were used to measure the serum activities or levels of biomarkers associated with liver and kidney damage, such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, uric acid, total protein, albumin, and total cholesterol, in 21 pigeons randomly assigned into 3 groups (A, B, and C). Groups A and B were administered acetaminophen 3000 mg/ kg PO q24h at the beginning of the experiment (hour 0).