What are the important risk factors for excessive daytime sleepiness in a population-based cohort?

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common complaint in the general population and is associated with cardiovascular disease and increased mortality. We aimed to investigate whether sleep duration is related to excessive daytime sleepiness in the general population, both in itself and in combination with other factors. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) cohort (n = 27,976; 14,436 females; aged 50-64 years) to assess how sleep-related factors along with anthropometric, lifestyle, socioeconomic factors as well as somatic disease and psychological distress, were related with EDS assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).

Friction at nanopillared polymer surfaces beyond Amontons' laws: Stick-slip amplitude coefficient (SSAC) and multiparametric nanotribological properties.

Frictional and nanomechanical properties of nanostructured polymer surfaces are important to their technological and biomedical applications. In this work, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces with a periodic distribution of well-defined nanopillars were fabricated through an anodization/embossing process. The apparent surface energy of the nanopillared surfaces was evaluated using the Fowkes acid-base approach, and the surface morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM).

Mydriasis with different preparations of topically administered lidocaine hydrochloride.

Purpose: To quantify the mydriatic effect and side effects of topical lidocaine hydrochloride with different pH values and concentrations in healthy volunteers.

Setting: Umeå University Hospital Eye Clinic, Umeå, Sweden.

Methods: In this intraindividual comparison double-masked randomized study, healthy volunteers were given topical lidocaine 8%, lidocaine 8% pH 6.