Analysis of the serum levels of RIP3 and Drp1 in patients with heart failure.

Aims: As necroptosis involving receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated signalling is a crucial mechanism of cell loss in heart failure (HF), we aimed to determine the potential diagnostic use of these molecules.

Methods And Results: The serum samples of the healthy subjects (n = 8) and patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (n = 31), being subdivided according to the aetiology and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, were used to measure RIP3 and Drp1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although the serum levels of Drp1 in the patients with HF were comparable with those seen in healthy individuals, we found a trend of increase in the levels of RIP3 (P = 0.

Prediction of Left Ventricular Reverse Remodelling: A Mini Review on Clinical Aspects.

Improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients after the first manifestation of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has currently been observed more frequently than it was years ago. This appears to be due to the early initiation of comprehensive HF therapy. According to these observations, a new HF syndrome category, heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF), was introduced.

Estimation of the number of exposed people during highly pathogenic avian influenza virus outbreaks in EU/EEA countries, October 2016-September 2018.

We estimated that more than 11,000 people were exposed to highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in EU/EEA countries over the outbreak period October 2016-September 2018 by cross-linking data submitted by Member States to European Food Safety Authority and EMPRES-i. A stronger framework for collecting human exposure data is required.