A New Graphical Method for Displaying Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Results in Dogs: Comprehensive Analysis of Results of Diagnostic Imaging Organized in a BOX (CARDIOBOX).

Introduction And Objective: Rapid and efficient interpretation of echocardiographic findings is critical in clinical decision-making. This study aimed to design and validate a new graphical method, called CARDIOBOX, to represent echocardiographic findings in dogs.

Methods: A prospective, observational, exploratory cohort study was conducted over three years.

Assessment of change in end-tidal CO after fluid challenge as a marker of fluid responsiveness as measured by the aortic velocity time integral in healthy anesthetized mechanically ventilated dogs.

Objective: To evaluate if variation in the end-tidal CO partial pressure (∆Petco) after a fluid challenge could predict fluid responsiveness with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 70% in healthy anesthetized and mechanically ventilated dogs.

Design: Diagnostic accuracy study.

Setting: University hospital.

Ultrasound-Guided Greater Ischiatic Notch Plane Block Combined with the Caudal Quadratus Lumborum Block (GIN-TONIC Block) in Dogs Undergoing Pelvic Limb Surgery: Preliminary Results.

This study assessed the analgesic and motor effects of the GIN-TONIC block, a combination of the greater ischiatic notch plane block and the caudal lateral quadratus lumborum block, in 24 dogs undergoing pelvic limb surgery. Dogs were randomly divided into two equal groups: G received acepromazine [(20 µg kg intravenously (IV)] as premedication, and G received dexmedetomidine (2 µg kg IV). General anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane, and both groups received a GIN-TONIC block using 2% lidocaine.

Ultrasound-guided lateral pericapsular hip desensitization of the articular branches of the cranial gluteal nerve: A canine cadaveric study and feasibility study in dogs.

Objective: To develop and assess the feasibility, as a diagnostic block, of an ultrasound-guided lateral pericapsular hip desensitization (L-PHD) technique in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, anatomical and feasibility study.

Animals: A total of 11 canine cadavers and eight adult dogs scheduled for acetabular surgical denervation.

Ventilator output splitting interface 'ACRA': Description and evaluation in lung simulators and in an experimental ARDS animal model.

The current COVID-19 pandemic has led the world to an unprecedented global shortage of ventilators, and its sharing has been proposed as an alternative to meet the surge. This study outlines the performance of a preformed novel interface called 'ACRA', designed to split ventilator outflow into two breathing systems. The 'ACRA' interface was built using medical use approved components.

Effect of PEEP on Dead Space in an Experimental Model of ARDS.

Background: The difference between Bohr and Enghoff dead space are not well described in ARDS patients. We aimed to analyze the effect of PEEP on the Bohr and Enghoff dead spaces in a model of ARDS.

Methods: 10 pigs submitted to randomized PEEP steps of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cm HO were evaluated with the use of lung ultrasound images, alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (P ), transpulmonary mechanics, and volumetric capnography at each PEEP step.

The use of electrical stimulation to guide epidural and intrathecal needle advancement at the L5 -L6 intervertebral space in dogs.

Objective: To determine the minimal electrical threshold (MET) necessary to elicit appropriate muscle contraction when the tip of an insulated needle is positioned epidurally or intrathecally at the L5-6 intervertebral space (phase-I) and to determine whether the application of a fixed electrical current during its advancement could indicate needle entry into the intrathecal space (phase-II) in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded study.

Animals: Thirteen (phase-I) and seventeen (phase-II) dogs, scheduled for a surgical procedure where L5-6 intrathecal administration was indicated.

Use of electrical stimulation to monitor lumbosacral epidural and intrathecal needle placement in rabbits.

Objective: To determine the minimal electric threshold of neurostimulation dorsally and ventrally to the interarcuate ligament in the lumbosacral area necessary to cause muscle contraction of the hind limb or tail and determine whether a continuous electrical stimulation applied to an insulated needle during lumbosacral epidural needle placement could be used to distinguish the epidural from the intrathecal space in rabbits.

Animals: 24 New Zealand white rabbits.

Procedures: Rabbits received iohexol (0.