Publications by authors named "Martin C McElhiney"
Article Synopsis
- * Participants in the 25 mg group showed a significant reduction in depression scores after 3 weeks, with a mean change of -12.0, compared to -7.9 for 10 mg and -5.4 for the control group.
- * Although the higher dose showed benefits, many participants experienced adverse effects, including headache and nausea, and some reported suicidal thoughts, underscoring the need for further research.
Background: Despite improved health and during a strong job market (pre-COVID-19), a substantial proportion of HIV+ adults remained unemployed. This study sought to provide time-limited counseling to promote employment goals.
Objective: To determine whether behavioral activation (BA) or supportive counseling (SC), would be more effective in promoting vocational goals (full or part-time, paid or volunteer).
Background: Employment rates for people with HIV/AIDS are low, compared to the general population. One widespread barrier is fatigue, accompanied by daytime sleepiness and a lack of stamina. Previous pharmacological studies have demonstrated improvement of fatigue-related symptoms without affecting work-related goal attainmentOBJECTIVE:In this pilot study, we sought to determine whether a pharmacologic-behavioral two-phase combined approach could facilitate returning to work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Our goal was to assess the long-term impact of AIDS activism of ACT UP/New York on the current adjustment of those who were members during its peak years (1987-1992), including assessment of trauma sequelae as well as posttraumatic growth.
Methods: A 90-minute semistructured interview and 6 validated self-report scales were administered. We relied on purposive and snowball sampling to recruit potential participants.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of armodafinil in the treatment of fatigue in HIV+ patients, and to assess its effect on depressive symptoms and behavior once fatigue remitted.
Method: HIV+ patients with clinically significant fatigue were treated in a placebo-controlled randomized double-blind trial for 4 weeks. Armodafinil responders and placebo non-responders or relapsers were treated openly for a total of 16 weeks with armodafinil.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modafinil in the treatment of fatigue in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and to assess effect on depressive symptoms.
Method: Patients who were HIV+ and had clinically significant fatigue (according to the Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS]) were included in a 4-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. This was followed by an additional 8 weeks of open-label treatment for modafinil responders and 12 weeks for placebo nonresponders.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of modafinil combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treatment of methamphetamine (MA) dependence among HIV+ gay men.
Methods: In a single blind trial, modafinil was administered for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week placebo phase. CBT was conducted for 18 sessions over the 16-week study.
Objective: Subsyndromal major depressive disorder is common among HIV-positive adults. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as a potential treatment.
Method: One hundred forty-five patients with subsyndromal depression or dysthymia were randomly assigned to receive either DHEA or placebo; 90% (69 of 77) of the DHEA patients and 94% (64 of 68) of the placebo patients completed the 8-week trial.
Background: Fatigue is widespread among human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients, yet few studies have assessed effective treatments. The authors conducted a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of modafinil for fatigue in this clinical population.
Method: Response was evaluated after a 4-week open-label trial.
Background: While testosterone's ameliorative effects on depressive disorders and fatigue in HIV-positive patients have been suggested in the literature, no placebo-controlled trial selecting for depressive disorders and including a standard antidepressant has been conducted. Accordingly, this double-blind trial was designed to determine whether testosterone, as well as fluoxetine, is superior to placebo for depression, fatigue, or both.
Method: One hundred twenty-three men with HIV/AIDS with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition depressive disorder entered the 8-week trial and were randomized to testosterone (up to 400 mg IM testosterone cypionate biweekly), fluoxetine (up to 60 mg/d), or double placebo.
Objective: To review methodological issues and available data regarding the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in HIV-positive people over the age of 50 years.
Results: We were unable to find any published data providing prevalence rates of depression and substance use disorders, the most common psychiatric disorders, for HIV-positive adults over 50 years, compared with HIV-seronegative adults over 50 years or HIV-positive adults under the age of 50 years. Epidemiological data from population studies in the United States and internationally consistently show a substantial decline in the rates of depression and substance use disorders with progressive age in the general population.