[Benign infant myositis associated to influenza B].

Benign childhood myositis is a self-limiting inflammatory condition that primarily affects schoolaged boys during the winter months. It is associated with respiratory viral infections, such as influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, among others. In September 2022, an epidemiological alert was raised due to a high number of reported cases in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires.

Safety and Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines During Pregnancy: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Pregnant persons are susceptible to significant complications following COVID-19, even death. However, worldwide COVID-19 vaccination coverage during pregnancy remains suboptimal.

Objective: This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines administered to pregnant persons and shared this evidence via an interactive online website.

Invasive pneumococcal disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: Serotype distribution, disease burden, and impact of vaccination. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and health costs worldwide, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Surveillance about the distribution of serotypes causing IPD and the impact of pneumococcal vaccination is an important epidemiological tool to monitor disease activity trends, inform public health decision-making, and implement relevant prevention and control measures.

Objectives: To estimate the serotype distribution for IPD and the related disease burden in LAC before, during, and after implementing the pneumococcal vaccine immunization program in LAC.

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, causing bacteremic pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, and other invasive pneumococcal diseases. Evidence supports nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage as a reservoir for transmission and precursor of pneumococcal disease.

Objectives: To estimate the pneumococcal nasopharyngeal burden in all age groups in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) before, during, and after the introduction of pneumococcal vaccine conjugate (PVC).

Management and outcomes of bronchiolitis in Italy and Latin America: a multi-center, prospective, observational study.

Unlabelled: We aimed to describe differences in the epidemiology, management, and outcomes existing between centers located in countries which differ by geographical location and economic status during to post-pandemic bronchiolitis seasons.  This was a prospective observational cohort study performed in two academic centers in Latin America (LA) and three in Italy. All consecutive children with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis were included, following the same data collection form.

Antimicrobial resistance of from invasive pneumococcal diseases in Latin American countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Invasive pneumococcal disease has declined since pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). However, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns have changed.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the frequency of antimicrobial resistance of from invasive disease in LAC.

Comparison of Epidemiologic and Clinical COVID-19 Profiles in Children in Argentina, During Circulation of Original and Variant (Alpha, Gamma and Lambda) Strains.

Background: Information on the impact of the different variants in children in Latin America is scarce. The objective of this study was to describe epidemiologic and clinical features of COVID-19 infection in children under 18 years of age in Argentina, comparing the periods before and after the circulation of new variants.

Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, multicentric, analytical study.

Dengue beyond the tropics: a time-series study comprising 2015-2016 versus 2019-2020 at a children's hospital in the City of Buenos Aires.

Introduction: Dengue is a public health problem worldwide. It was originally confined to tropical and subtropical areas, but it is now present in other regions, such as Argentina. Epidemic outbreaks have been observed in the City of Buenos Aires since 2008, with few reports in children.

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and Clinical Evolution of Pediatric Patients in a General Hospital From Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations and severity. Pediatric cases represent <10% of total cases, with a mortality rate below 1%. Data of correlation between SARS-CoV-2 viral load in respiratory samples and severity of disease in pediatric patients is scarce.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Temporally Related to COVID-19 in Children From Latin America and the Caribbean Region: A Systematic Review With a Meta-Analysis of Data From Regional Surveillance Systems.

Background: With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing numbers of cases of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been reported worldwide; however, it is unclear whether this syndrome has a differential pattern in children from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and outcome characteristics of patients with MIS-C in LAC countries.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the main electronic databases and scientific meetings from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021.

Factors Associated With Hospitalization or Intensive Care Admission in Children With COVID-19 in Latin America.

Background: Limited data is available from low-middle and upper-middle income countries of the factors associated with hospitalization or admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for children with COVID-19.

Objective: To describe the factors associated with hospitalization or PICU admission of children with COVID-19 in Latin America.

Method: Multicenter, analytical, retrospective study of children reported from 10 different Latin American countries to the Latin-American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE-COVID) research network from June 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021.

A multicenter study of confirmed COVID-19 cases: preliminary data on 2690 pediatric patients in Argentina during the first year of the pandemic.

Introduction: The current evidence indicates that the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is lower in the pediatric population but local data are still limited. Objective: To characterize the clinical and epidemiological aspects of COVID-19 infection in patients younger than 18 years in Argentina.

Population And Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study of confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 0-18 years seen between March 2020 and March 2021 at 19 referral children's hospitals of Argentina.

Acute Abdomen and Appendicitis in 1010 Pediatric Patients With COVID-19 or MIS-C: A Multinational Experience from Latin America.

Background: To date, there are only sporadic reports of acute abdomen and appendicitis in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Methods: Children 17 years of age or younger assessed in 5 Latin American countries with a diagnosis of microbiologically confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and children fulfilling MIS-C definition were included. For children with acute abdomen, we investigate main radiologic patterns, surgical treatment and intraoperative findings, outcomes.

High rates of antibiotic prescriptions in children with COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome: A multinational experience in 990 cases from Latin America.

Aim: This study aims to assess rates of antibiotic prescriptions and its determinants in in children with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C).

Methods: Children <18 years-old assessed in five Latin Americas countries with a diagnosis of COVID-19 or MIS-C were enrolled. Antibiotic prescriptions and factors associated with their use were assessed.

[Congenital toxoplasmosis in twins: case report].

Congenital toxoplasmosis in twin pregnancies is infrequent. We present the case of a monozygotic and monocorial twin pregnancy with maternal toxoplasmosis infection diagnosed at 33 weeks gestation by detecting reactive IgM and IgG and low avidity test for IgG. The detection of the parasite in amniotic fluid could not be performed because the amniocentesis was not done.

Multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections in neonatology.

Introduction: Multidrug resistant Gramnegative (MDRGN) infections are an increasing problem in neonatal intensive care units. The objective of this study was to establish the epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and evolutionary characteristics of carbapenem-resistant MDRGN infections and the risk factors for them at the Division of Neonatology of a tertiary care hospital.

Population And Method: A retrospective cohort study was done in this Division in patients with a documented MDRGN infection between 4/24/2013 and 4/29/2015.

[Cerebral hydatid disease: report of six pediatric cases].

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection whose etiologic agent is Echinococcus granulosus. Human is an accidental intermediate host and the most common site is the liver. The brain involvement is unusual and up to 75% of cases are described in the pediatric population.

[Brain abscess in children: ten years of experience in a third level pediatric hospital].

Brain abscess is a focal infection that occurs with a frequency of 0.3-1.3 cases per 100,000 people/year.

[Severe infection by methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus producing Panton-Valentine leukocidin: reports of two cases].

Staphylococcus aureus is a major etiologic agent of infections in children from the community and the hospital setting. The severity of these conditions is associated with virulence factors, including the Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Both methicillin resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus produce this leukocidin although with varying frequency.

Fusarium spp infections in a pediatric burn unit: nine years of experience.

Introduction: Fusarium spp are ubiquitous fungi recognized as opportunistic agents of human infections, and can produce severe infections in burn patients. The literature on Fusarium spp infections in pediatric burn patients is scarce.

Objectives: To describe the clinical and epidemiological features as well as outcome of Fusarium spp infections in pediatric burn patients.

[Thoracic actinomycosis: report of a case].

Actinomycosis is a disease produced by bacteria of the genus Actinomyces. The thoracic form represents 30% of the cases. Signs and symptoms are generally unspecific.