Transient changes in L-arginine, asymmetric and symmetric dimethyl arginine in triathletes following Norseman Xtreme Triathlon.

Arterial vasodilation is dependent on nitric oxide synthesized from L-arginine by endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Triathletes are reported to display altered serum concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites such as L-arginine, asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA) shortly after completing long-distance triathlon races. In other populations, similar changes to nitric oxide metabolites are established risk markers of cardiovascular disease.

Gut Leakage and Cardiac Biomarkers after Prolonged Strenuous Exercise.

Purpose: Transient increase in the cardiac biomarkers troponin T (cTnT) and NT-proBNP are observed during strenuous exercise, even in healthy athletes. Gut leakage, the translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the circulation, is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease but has also been reported after prolonged endurance exercise. We aimed to explore the link between exercise-induced gut leakage and cardiac biomarker release.

Reduced L-Arginine and L-Arginine-ADMA-Ratio, and Increased SDMA after Norseman Xtreme Triathlon.

Endothelial vasodilatory function is dependent on the NO synthesis from L-arginine by endothelial NO-synthetase (eNOS). eNOS can be inhibited by asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) by competitive inhibition on the binding site, and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) can reduce the L-arginine availability intracellularly through competing for transport over the cellular membrane. To study the NO synthesis after prolonged exercise, we assessed circulatory L-arginine, the L-arginine/ADMA ratio, and SDMA before, after, and on the day after the Norseman Xtreme triathlon, an Ironman distance triathlon.

Transient Reduction of FMD-Response and L-Arginine Accompanied by Increased Levels of E-Selectin, VCAM, and ICAM after Prolonged Strenuous Exercise.

We assessed endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), levels of the NO-precursor L-arginine, and markers of endothelial inflammation before, at the finish line, and one week after the Norseman Xtreme triathlon. The race is an Ironman distance triathlon with a total elevation of 5200 m. Nine male participants were included.

Core Temperature during Cold-Water Triathlon Swimming.

Triathlon and other endurance races have grown in popularity. Although participants are generally fit and presumably healthy, there is measurable morbidity and mortality associated with participation. In triathlon, most deaths occur during the swim leg, and more insight into risk factors, such as hypothermia, is warranted.

Biochemical markers after the Norseman Extreme Triathlon.

Prolonged exercise is known to cause changes in common biomarkers. Occasionally, competition athletes need medical assistance and hospitalisation during prolonged exercise events. To aid clinicians treating patients and medical teams in such events we have studied common biomarkers after at The Norseman Xtreme Triathlon (Norseman), an Ironman distance triathlon with an accumulated climb of 5200 m, and an Olympic triathlon for comparison.

Late-Presenting Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report Series from the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon.

Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) may develop during strenuous physical exertion in water. This case series reports on three cases of suspected late-presenting SIPE during the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon. A 30-year-old male professional (PRO) triathlete, a 40-year-old female AGE GROUP triathlete and a 34-year-old male AGE GROUP triathlete presented with shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing up pink sputum during the last part of the bike phase.

Manual therapy with and without vestibular rehabilitation for cervicogenic dizziness: a systematic review.

Background: Manual therapy is an intervention commonly advocated in the management of dizziness of a suspected cervical origin. Vestibular rehabilitation exercises have been shown to be effective in the treatment of unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders, and have also been suggested in the literature as an adjunct in the treatment of cervicogenic dizziness. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for manual therapy, in conjunction with or without vestibular rehabilitation, in the management of cervicogenic dizziness.