Revealing novel protein interaction partners of glyphosate in Escherichia coli.

Despite all debates about its safe use, glyphosate remains the most widely applied active ingredient in herbicide products, with renewed approval in the European Union until 2033. Non-target organisms are commonly exposed to glyphosate as a matter of its mode of application, with its broader environmental and biological impacts remaining under investigation. Glyphosate displays structural similarity to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), thereby competitively inhibiting the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), crucial for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants, fungi, bacteria, and archaea.

Large scale purification in semiconductors using Rydberg excitons.

Improving the quantum coherence of solid-state systems is a decisive factor in realizing solid-state quantum technologies. The key to optimize quantum coherence lies in reducing the detrimental influence of noise sources such as spin noise and charge noise. Here we demonstrate that we can utilize highly-excited Rydberg excitons to neutralize charged impurities in the semiconductor Cuprous Oxide - an effect we call purification.

Assessing the Influence of Propylthiouracil and Phenytoin on the Metabolomes of the Thyroid, Liver, and Plasma in Rats.

The thyroid hormones (THs) regulate various physiological mechanisms in mammals, such as cellular metabolism, cell structure, and membrane transport. The therapeutic drugs propylthiouracil (PTU) and phenytoin are known to induce hypothyroidism and decrease blood thyroid hormone levels. To analyze the impact of these two drugs on systemic metabolism, we focused on metabolic changes after treatment.

Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Biotransformation of Fruit: The Effect of In Vitro and Ex Vivo Gut Microbiota Metabolism.

biological effects are attributed to several bioactive metabolites. However, these actions could be altered in vivo by biotransformation reactions mainly via gut microbiota. This study assessed gut microbiota effect on the biotransformation of metabolites both in vitro and ex vivo.

Changes of the Proteome and Acetylome during Transition into the Stationary Phase in the Organohalide-Respiring Strain CBDB1.

The strictly anaerobic bactGIerium obligatorily depends on organohalide respiration for energy conservation and growth. The bacterium also plays an important role in bioremediation. Since there is no guarantee of a continuous supply of halogenated substrates in its natural environment, the question arises of how maintains the synthesis and activity of dehalogenating enzymes under these conditions.

Seasonal Patterns of Dominant Microbes Involved in Central Nutrient Cycles in the Subsurface.

Microbial communities play a key role for central biogeochemical cycles in the subsurface. Little is known about whether short-term seasonal drought and rewetting events influence the dominant microbes involved in C- and N-cycles. Here, we applied metaproteomics at different subsurface sites in winter, summer and autumn from surface litter layer, seepage water at increasing subsoil depths and remote located groundwater from two wells within the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory, Germany.

Benzylsuccinate Synthase is Post-Transcriptionally Regulated in the Toluene-Degrading Denitrifier sp. Strain 15-1.

The facultative denitrifying alphaproteobacterium sp strain 15-1 had been isolated from the hypoxic rhizosphere of a constructed wetland model fed with toluene. This bacterium can catabolize toluene anaerobically but not aerobically. Here, we used strain 15-1 to investigate regulation of expression of the highly oxygen-sensitive glycyl radical enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase, which catalyzes the first step in anaerobic toluene degradation.

[securPharm e. V. - a protective shield against falsified medicines].

It is the declared objective of the Falsified Medicines Directive 2011/62/EU to further improve the protection of patients from falsified pharmaceuticals. Therefore, it stipulates measures based on which falsified medicines in the supply chain can be more easily identified. This is the European legislature's reaction to an increase in falsified medicines.

Benzo[a]pyrene affects Jurkat T cells in the activated state via the antioxidant response element dependent Nrf2 pathway leading to decreased IL-2 secretion and redirecting glutamine metabolism.

There is a clear evidence that environmental pollutants, such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), can have detrimental effects on the immune system, whereas the underlying mechanisms still remain elusive. Jurkat T cells share many properties with native T lymphocytes and therefore are an appropriate model to analyze the effects of environmental pollutants on T cells and their activation. Since environmental compounds frequently occur at low, not acute toxic concentrations, we analyzed the effects of two subtoxic concentrations, 50nM and 5μM, on non- and activated cells.

Highly populated turn conformations in natively unfolded tau protein identified from residual dipolar couplings and molecular simulation.

Tau, a natively unstructured protein that regulates the organization of neuronal microtubules, is also found in high concentrations in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The conformational transition between these vastly different healthy and pathological forms remains poorly understood. We have measured residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), J-couplings, and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) in construct K18 of tau, containing all four repeat domains R1-R4.