Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd
August 2005
In order to establish reference values for blood parameters of South American camelids in Switzerland, 273 blood samples were collected from 141 llamas and 132 alpacas. These animals were classified in three categories (young animals < six months, adult females and males). Forty-one parameters were measured (red blood cell count, white blood cell count, electrolytes, metabolites and enzymes).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchweiz Arch Tierheilkd
August 2005
At the beginning of 2000, a population of 1622 South American camelids in 257 herds was living in Switzerland. The origin of the animals, their age, the management systems, their feeding habits, their use as well as the observed medical conditions and the indications for treatment were assessed with a questionnaire. Results of this study show that 60% of the South American camelid population in Switzerland consisted of llamas (999 animals) and 40% of alpacas (623), and that females younger than 4 years of age made up the majority of the animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To describe the distribution of mRNA that codes for 8 subtypes of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HTRs) in the digestive tract of dairy cows.
Sample Population: Fresh full-thickness wall specimens from the abomasum (fundus, corpus, and antrum), ileum, cecum, proximal loop of ascending colon, and 4 locations of the spiral colon collected from 10 healthy cows at slaughter.
Procedure: Concentrations of mRNA that code for 5-HTR subtypes (5-HTR1A.
Objective: To describe the distribution of mRNA that codes for 9 subtypes of adrenergic receptors in the digestive tract of dairy cows.
Sample Population: Fresh full-thickness wall specimens from the abomasum (fundus, corpus, and antrum), ileum, cecum, proximal loop of ascending colon, and 4 locations of the spiral colon collected from 10 healthy cows at slaughter.
Procedure: Concentrations of mRNA that code for 9 subtypes of adrenergic receptors in the bovine gastrointestinal tract (alpha1A, alpha1B, alpha1D, alpha2AD, alpha2B, alpha2C beta1, beta2, and beta3) were measured by use of a quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay.
Samples of blood and urine were taken from 334 dairy cows in 29 herds, and the concentrations of sodium and potassium were measured in the serum and urine. The herds were split into five groups according to the amount of supplementary salt they were given: three groups given 10 to 20, 30 to 50 or 70 to 100 g salt per day, and two groups fed an ad libitum supply, given either in bowls or in the form of salt blocks, which were replaced either regularly or irregularly. The groups which received 70 to 100 g of salt daily or were supplied regularly ad libitum had significantly higher urinary sodium concentrations than the other groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe population under study included young calves with pneumonia (group A, n = 13) and their controls (group B, n = 9), as well as older calves from which the lungs with (group C, n = 90) or without (group D, n = 10) lesions were collected after slaughter. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was the organism most commonly isolated from calves in group A (46%), followed by Haemophilus somnus (23%), Mannheimia haemolytica (15%), Streptococcus suis and Pasteurella multocida (7.7% each).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr
January 1999
Serum and urine were taken from healthy dairy cattle from 22 different farms. 214 animals belonged to the Swiss Brown breed and 210 were crossbreds of Simmental-Red Holstein. The animals were given at least 70 g of sodium chloride with their daily feed ration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to establish the mode of inheritance of bovine dilated cardiomyopathy (BDCMP). We analyzed a pedigree comprising 75 animals in three age classes and five diagnostic classes based on clinical and pathological findings using the Pedigree Analysis Package. Segregation analyses were performed under three models, a major gene model, a mixed model, and an environment model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetween 1990 and 1994, 89 cattle with signs of affection of the central nervous system were referred to the Clinic for Food Animals and Horses, University of Bern; in 17 cases of which, cerebral listeriosis was diagnosed. History, clinical, hematologic findings and cerebrospinal fluid analysis at admission were evaluated retrospectively. Four cattle were slaughtered after cerebral listeriosis had been diagnosed clinically because of economic reasons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD) Syndrome is a lethal congenital immunodeficiency caused by the strong reduction in the expression of leukocyte integrins (beta 2 integrins) on the surface of leukocytes. Therefore, neutrophils from BLAD animals lack the capacity to adhere to the endothelium, a necessary step in their emigration into foci of infection. Due to the virtual absence of neutrophil-mediated host defense, animals suffer from recurrent infection of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and finally succumb to infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchweiz Arch Tierheilkd
December 1997
This retrospective study describes the case reports of 17 cattle suffering from precarpal hygroma, admitted to the clinic for food animals and horses, University of Berne, between 1990 and 1994. The following criteria were evaluated: sex, age, and bodyweight, case history, clinical findings at admission, surgical technique, aftercare, and short- and long-term results. The hygroma was congenital in 3 cases and acquired at the age of 2 to 84 months in 14 cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetween 1980 and 1991 205 partial resections on claws of cattle have been performed at our clinic, 111 of these cases could be included in a retrospective study. In 57.5% of these cases parts of the third phalange had to be resected (group 1), in 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBovine cardiomyopathy affects adult cattle of the Simmental/red Holstein and Holstein-Friesian breeds and is characterised clinically by signs of congestive heart failure. Animals with cardiomyopathy suffered a marked renal loss of transferrin (Tf). The urinary concentration of Tf discriminated very well between healthy and affected cattle, 93 per cent of the affected and 97 per cent of the healthy cows being identified correctly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of bethanechol, neostigmine, metoclopramide, and propranolol on myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, and proximal loop of the ascending colon was determined in 6 healthy Jersey cows implanted with 8 pairs of bipolar electrodes. Assigned at random, each cow received each of 5 treatments in 3-day intervals. The treatments included bethanechol (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBerl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr
July 1995
106 cattle with retained placenta were treated either with Vetisept-bolus or Tetran-bolus (controls) after an attempt to remove fetal membranes. Uterine involution judged by rectal palpation on the 28th day was the same in both groups, but more treatments were necessary for cows of the experimental group. Cows treated with Vetisept came in heat nine days earlier than controls (p < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetween 1990 and 1993 ten cows with diaphyseal sequestration of the metacarpal or metatarsal bone were brought to the Clinic for Food Animals and Horses, University of Bern. History, clinical and radiographic findings at admission, therapy, and clinical and radiographic short- and longterm results were evaluated retrospectively. Six animals had a history of trauma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe analysed 595 cows in 20 herds for serological evidence of paratuberculosis with an ELISA procedure for which we had recently determined a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 98%, and we obtained an overall calculated real prevalence of 5.99%. In two herds with clinical cases of paratuberculosis, the calculated true prevalence of seroreactors was 21.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchweiz Arch Tierheilkd
May 1995
A sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 98% were obtained in the evaluation of a serological method (commercial absorbed ELISA, Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, Parkville, Australia) for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis. The population used in the study consisted of 20 infected, suspect and non-infected herds from the region of the Plateau de Diesse. Another evaluated non-absorbed ELISA test had a sensitivity of 30% and a specificity of 91%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZentralbl Veterinarmed A
April 1994
The intention of this paper was to describe a reliable method for the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy (CMP) in adult cattle and, in particular, a clear distinction between CMP and inflammatory heart disease (IHD). In a first study we performed a linear discriminant analysis using serum and urine electrolyte concentrations (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, iron, creatinine) of 33 CMP-affected and 35 healthy cattle. This analysis allowed to classify all the animals of both animal groups correctly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZentralbl Veterinarmed A
December 1992
Urinary proteins of cardiomyopathy (CMP)-affected (n = 31) and of healthy cattle (n = 35) were analyzed by a combination of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver stain. The following results were obtained: 1) Out of the various urinary proteins found in CMP-affected and healthy cattle, IgG, Tf, Alb, alpha 1-acid GP, Apo A1, IgG heavy and light chain could be identified. 2) In CMP-affected cattle, all the proteins mentioned above were detected in increased amounts in the urine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr
November 1990
We tried to characterize the chronic interstitial nephritis as it occurs in bovine cardiomyopathy (CMP). For that reason conventional analysis methods were applied to urine of healthy and CMP-diseased cattle. With all the sick animals used for this study a nephritis of the mentioned type was diagnosed pathologically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZentralbl Veterinarmed A
October 1989
Cardiovascular examinations were performed on 29 Red-Holstein-Simmental cows, suffering from cardiomyopathy. We compared the results with those from 18 healthy animals. The cows with cardiomyopathy showed a higher heart rate, a higher and broader P-wave, a prolongation of the electric systole in relation to the RR-Intervall, an increased systolic and diastolic pressure in the right ventricle and in the pulmonary artery, a higher peak pressure rise in the right ventricle and a lower peak pressure rise in the left ventricle with lower systolic and higher diastolic pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchweiz Arch Tierheilkd
October 1989
188 bovines with neurological disease were analysed in a retrospective study. We found that only few diseases can be diagnosed on the basis of neurologic signs only. However, with a few additional clinical data such as signalment, history, extraneural findings, hematological findings and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, a diagnosis can be made in many cases.
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