Immunotherapy efficacy and toxicity: Reviewing the evidence behind patient implementable strategies.

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer treatment is expanding, offering promising outcomes but with an important risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These events, stemming from an overstimulated immune system attacking healthy cells, can necessitate immunosuppressant treatment, disrupt treatment courses, and impact patients' quality of life. The analysis of ICI efficacy data has led to a better understanding of the characteristics of responders.

Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants for immune-related adverse events and checkpoint inhibitor effectiveness in melanoma.

Background: Recent studies indicate an association between immunosuppression for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and impaired survival in patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whether this is related to corticosteroids or second-line immunosuppressants is unknown. In the largest cohort thus far, we assessed the association of immunosuppressant type and dose with survival in melanoma patients with irAEs.

MS1-Based Data Analysis Approaches for FFPE Tissue Imaging of Endogenous Peptide Ions by Mass Spectrometry Histochemistry (MSHC).

Ambiguous reports in the literature exist regarding the use and usefulness of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Especially for the study of endogenous (non-tryptic) peptides, several studies have concluded that MSI on archived FFPE tissue bank samples is virtually impossible. We here illustrate that by employing a variant of MSI, called mass spectrometry histochemistry (MSHC), biomolecular tissue localization data are obtained that unequivocally comprise endogenous peptides.

HistoSnap: A Novel Software Tool to Extract m/z-Specific Images from Large MSHC Datasets.

We describe an informatics tool for comfortable browsing through highly complex, multi-gigabyte mass spectrometry histochemistry (MSHC) datasets, via clever ion-specific image extraction.The package is developed particularly for the untargeted localization/discovery of biomolecules such as endogenous (neuro)secretory peptides on histological sections of biobanked formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples straight from tissue banks.Atmospheric pressure-MALDI-Orbitrap MSHC data of sections through human pituitary adenomas in which two well-known human neuropeptides are detected are used as an example to demonstrate the key features of the novel software, named HistoSnap.

Recommendations of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology on skin cancer management in older patients.

Introduction: Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is becoming ever more prevalent among older adults. However, older adults with NMSC are often underrepresented in clinical trials and guidelines on effective management is still unclear. The International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) created a multi-disciplinary task force to explore the potential in developing practical guidelines for the treatment of older patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and skin (cutaneous) squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).

Immunosuppressive therapy management in cancer patients with autoimmune diseases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case series and systematic literature review.

Introduction: Prescribing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to cancer patients with an autoimmune disease (AID) is presumed safe when cautious adverse event management is applied. However, guidelines on immunosuppressant (IS) adaptations are limited and real-world evidence is scarce.

Methods: Current practice of IS adaptations is described in a case series of AID patients treated with ICIs in a tertiary university hospital in Belgium (1/1/2016-31/12/2021).

Steroid-dependent pericarditis following anti-PD1 immunotherapy in a metastatic melanoma patient: a case report.

Background: Immune-related adverse events are increasingly prevalent in the oncologist's practice. Cardiac adverse events are rare but can be life-threatening. Case reports of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pericarditis are scarce and so is the scientific evidence for its management.

Systemic treatment and radiotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and HIV infection - A systematic review.

Lung cancer is the most common non-AIDS defining cancer among people living with HIV (PLWH), but there is a paucity of data regarding the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy and systemic regimens, including immunotherapy, in the treatment of these patients. In order to answer this question, we have performed a systematic search of the literature in Ovid Medline until March 17, 2022. We included 21 publications, enrolling 513 PLWH with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), mostly male (75-100%), (ex-)smokers (75-100%) and with stage III-IV at diagnosis (65-100%).

Spatially Resolved Neuropeptide Characterization from Neuropathological Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Sections by a Combination of Imaging MALDI FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Histochemistry and Liquid Extraction Surface Analysis-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

To make the vast collections of well-documented human clinical samples archived in biobanks accessible for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), recent developments have focused on the label-free top-down MS analysis of neuropeptides in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. In analogy to immunohistochemistry (IHC), this variant of MSI has been designated MSHC (mass spectrometry histochemistry). Besides the detection and localization of neuropeptide and other biomolecular MS signals in these FFPE samples, there is great interest in their molecular identification and full characterization.