p16 and pRb expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with and without infection by EBV or different genotypes of HPV: a retrospective study.

Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) represents one of the principal tumors of the head and neck. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are considered risk factors for the development and the clinical prognosis of LSCC. High levels of p16 are suggested as a surrogate marker of HPV or EBV infection in some head and neck tumors but in LSCC is still controversial.

Infection and coinfection by human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus and Merkel cell polyomavirus in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a retrospective study.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as an important risk factor for laryngeal carcinogenesis. Although HPV-16 and 18 have been strongly implicated, the presence of other high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes or the coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPV) may increase the risk, but their etiological association has not been definitively established.

Methods: We characterized the genotype-specific HPV and the frequency of EBV and MCPV infections through the detection of their DNA in 195 laryngeal specimens of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histologically confirmed.