Psychosis Risk: Time to Look Empirically at a First-step Economical-pragmatic Way to Examine Anomalous Self-experience. Exploring the SQuEASE-11.

Background: Since the late 1990s, there has been a worldwide surge of scientific interest in the pre-psychotic phase, resulting in the introduction of several clinical tools for early detection. The predictive accuracy of these tools has been limited, motivating the need for methodological and perspectival improvements. The EASE manual supports systematic assessment of anomalous self-experience, and proposes an overall model of understanding how most psychotic experiences may be initially generated on the basis of a unifying, fundamental, pre-reflective distortion of subjectivity.

eHealth-Enhanced Peer Navigation for Substance Use Treatment and HIV Prevention Service Linkage for Young Adults Surveilled by the Criminal Legal System: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Trial Study.

Background: In the United States, the proportion of criminal legal-involved (CLI) adults with a substance use disorder reaches 72%, and ~150,000 persons with HIV pass through a carceral setting annually, which represents 16% of the HIV-infected population nationally. Despite the high need for substance use treatment and HIV prevention services, few carceral settings successfully link CLI individuals to treatment upon release. Young adults represent 41.

Telehepatology Satisfaction Is Associated with Ethnicity: The Real-World Experience of a Vulnerable Population with Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began, telemedicine use has transformed healthcare delivery. Yet there is concern that telemedicine may widen care disparities for vulnerable populations, and patient experience data are limited.

Aims: We aimed to assess patient satisfaction with hepatology-related telemedicine (telehepatology) for delivery of fatty liver disease (FLD) care in a safety-net healthcare system.

A Family-Based Mental Health Navigator Intervention for Youth in the Child Welfare System: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Youth in the child welfare system (child welfare-involved [CWI] youth) have high documented rates of mental health symptoms and experience significant disparities in mental health care services access and engagement. Adolescence is a developmental stage that confers increased likelihood of experiencing mental health symptoms and the emergence of disorders that can persist into adulthood. Despite a high documented need for evidence-based mental health services for CWI youth, coordination between child welfare and mental health service systems to increase access to care remains inadequate, and engagement in mental health services is low.

A Sequential Adaptive Intervention Strategy Targeting Remission and Functional Recovery in Young People at Ultrahigh Risk of Psychosis: The Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial.

Importance: Clinical trials have not established the optimal type, sequence, and duration of interventions for people at ultrahigh risk of psychosis.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a sequential and adaptive intervention strategy for individuals at ultrahigh risk of psychosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) sequential multiple assignment randomized trial took place within the clinical program at Orygen, Melbourne, Australia.

Advances in diagnostic codes to document sexual assault in health care service.

Objective: To explore trends in documented sexual abuse/assault (SA) related episodes in California hospitals and emergency departments (ED), including the impact of a change in health care service reporting codification (from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM) that more clearly defined SA in October 2015.

Data Sources: Hospital and ED data were drawn from California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD).

Study Design: Descriptive and trend analyses of SA-related hospital and ED records (including patients' demographic information) were conducted to determine whether changes in ICD codification had an impact on documented SA-related episodes.

Association of pregnancy attitudes and intentions with sexual activity and psychiatric symptoms in justice-involved youth.

Context: With over one-third of detained girls experiencing teenage pregnancy, it is critical that the juvenile justice system better addresses the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of youth. Although pregnancy attitudes and intentions (PAI) are associated with pregnancy outcomes among the general adolescent population, this relationship has not been examined among justice-involved youth.

Methods: Participants were drawn from a longitudinal study characterizing trajectories of behavioral and reproductive health and recidivism among newly justice-involved youth in a Northeast family court.

Using Bayesian methods to clarify the role of trauma-related cognitions on the course of posttraumatic stress in nonspecific trauma-focused therapy.

Objective: There is strong empirical evidence that a reduction of trauma cognitions lessens PTSD symptoms, but there are discrepancies, including evidence that baseline negative posttrauma cognitions are associated with more, less, or are not associated with changes in PTSD symptoms. Discrepancies may be a function of power, sample size, analytic method, or measure.

Methods: The rate of PTSD symptoms change across 16 trauma-focused treatment sessions in a community clinic ( = 56) was estimated using a Bayesian mixed-effects model with repeated measures nested within participants.

Baseline data of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (STEP study).

Aim: Research has shown that preventative intervention in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR) improves symptomatic and functional outcomes. The staged treatment in early psychosis (STEP) trial aims to determine the most effective type, timing and sequence of interventions in the UHR population by sequentially studying the effectiveness of (1) support and problem solving, (2) cognitive-behavioural case management and (3) antidepressant medication with an embedded fast-fail option of (4) omega-3 fatty acids or low-dose antipsychotic medication. This paper presents the recruitment flow and baseline clinical characteristics of the sample.

VOICES: An efficacious trauma-informed, gender-responsive cannabis use intervention for justice and school-referred girls with lifetime substance use history.

Background: Girls have unique developmental pathways to substance use and justice system involvement, warranting gender-responsive intervention. We tested the efficacy of VOICES (a 12-session, weekly trauma-informed, gender-responsive substance use intervention) in reducing substance use and HIV/STI risk behaviors among justice- and school-referred girls.

Methods: Participants were 113 girls (M = 15.

Ending intimate partner violence among women living with HIV: How attachment and HIV stigma inform understanding and intervention.

This mixed-methods, exploratory study examined why women living with HIV (WLHIV) stay in intimate partner violence (IPV) relationships and what helps end IPV in their lives. WLHIV (n = 108) who experienced IPV and were patients at two HIV primary care clinics in San Francisco completed quantitative surveys; 15 participants also completed a qualitative interview. Qualitative data showed HIV stigma was the most cited reason for staying in an IPV relationship, followed by substance use, and then by themes of attachment insecurity.

Smoking reduction is associated with lower alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms among young adults over one year.

Background: This secondary analysis examined whether smoking reduction among young adults participating in a Facebook-based smoking cessation intervention study was associated with corresponding reductions in alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms.

Methods: Participants were young adults who smoked and engaged in heavy episodic drinking (HED). Alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C, days of HED), depressive symptoms (PHQ-2), and past-month cigarettes per day (CPD) were self-reported at baseline and 12 months (N = 150).

Female-Perpetrated Sexual Violence: A Survey of Survivors of Female-Perpetrated Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Assault.

Individuals who experience female-perpetrated sexual assault (FPSA) are underrepresented in the sexual victimization literature. Much of the existing research on FPSA centers on child welfare-involved families and convicted or incarcerated female sexual offenders, with limited research devoted to victims of FPSA. The current study included a diverse sample of 138 community adults who experienced one or more incident of FPSA, and sought to (a) describe individuals who experienced FPSA, including their overall trauma exposure, (b) describe perpetrator age and relationship to the respondent, (c) explore whether respondents labeled FPSA as sexual assault and disclosed it to others, and (d) examine the prevalence of depressive and posttraumatic symptoms in this population.

Patterns of Prescribing Antiretroviral Therapy Upon Discharge to Psychiatry Inpatients With HIV/AIDS at a Large Urban Hospital.

Background: HIV infection is more prevalent among people with severe mental illness (SMI) than in the general population. People with SMI may lack access to recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART), and inpatient psychiatric admissions may be opportunities to ensure that individuals receive recommended treatment.

Objective: To evaluate ART prescription patterns on an inpatient psychiatry service.

The impact of the Great Recession on California domestic violence events, and related hospitalizations and emergency service visits.

Objective: Explore the impact of the Great Recession on domestic violence (DV) related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in California.

Methods: Hospital and ED data were drawn from California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). DV-related hospitalizations and ED visits in California were analyzed between January 2000 and September 2015 (53,596), along with total medical costs.

Communities Healing And Transforming Trauma (CHATT): A Trauma-Informed Speakers' Bureau for Survivors of Violence.

There is increasing recognition of the value of consumer participation in advocacy and community activism. Among trauma survivors, finding a sense of purpose and a way to make meaning from the trauma experience has been termed "survivor mission," and may include a call to social action, involvement in social justice activities, or public speaking. The current study describes the development of a trauma-informed trauma-survivor speakers' bureau (CHATT) and presents quantitative and qualitative outcome findings.

Violence and Emergency Department Use among Community-Recruited Women Who Experience Homelessness and Housing Instability.

Women who experience housing instability are at high risk for violence and have disproportionately high rates of emergency department (ED) use. However, little has been done to characterize the violence they experience, or to understand how it may be related to ED use. We recruited homeless and unstably housed women from San Francisco shelters, free meal programs, and single room occupancy (SRO) hotels.

Economic costs of implementing group interventions to reduce diabetes distress in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the T1-REDEEM trial.

Aims: This study evaluated the implementation costs of two group interventions, one focused on diabetes education (KnowIt) and one focused directly on diabetes distress (OnTrack), that reduced diabetes distress and HbA1C in adults with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in the T1-REDEEM trial.

Methods: Resources used to provide interventions were enumerated using activity-based micro-costing methods. Costs were assigned to resources in 2017 US dollars.

The Association of Trauma with the Physical, Behavioral, and Social Health of Women Living with HIV: Pathways to Guide Trauma-informed Health Care Interventions.

Background: Trauma is increasingly recognized as a near-universal experience among women living with HIV (WLHIV) and a key contributor to HIV acquisition, morbidity, and mortality.

Methods: We present data from the baseline analysis of a planned intervention trial of the impact of trauma-informed health care on physical, behavioral, and social health outcomes of WLHIV in one clinic, with a particular focus on quality of life and viral suppression. Data were collected through interviewer-administered surveys and electronic health record data abstraction.

Providing Primary Care for HIV in the Context of Trauma: Experiences of the Health Care Team.

Background: Trauma-informed health care for women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attends not only to HIV treatment, but also to the many common physical and emotional health consequences of trauma. One principle of providing trauma-informed care is the acknowledgement that working with a population that has experienced extensive trauma affects the team members who care for them in the clinic, as well as the interactions between those team members.

Methods: To understand the needs of one primary health care team, we conducted in-depth interviews with 21 providers, staff, and collaborators who provide care to patients within the clinic.

Treating hoarding disorder with compassion-focused therapy: A pilot study examining treatment feasibility, acceptability, and exploring treatment effects.

Objectives: Hoarding disorder (HD) was recognized as a psychiatric disorder in 2013. Existing literature suggests room for improvement in its treatment. The current pilot study aimed to provide an initial evaluation on the potential of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) as an intervention for HD, with the primary aim being assessing its feasibility and acceptability, and the secondary being evaluating its effects.

Opinions of Primary Care Clinicians and Psychiatrists on Monitoring the Metabolic Effects of Antipsychotics.

Objective: Although people with severe mental illness (SMI) have high rates of diabetes and other metabolic disorders, adherence to recommended screening guidelines is low. This study aimed to compare primary care clinicians' and psychiatrists' attitudes toward metabolic monitoring and treatment of patients with SMI.

Methods: Primary care clinicians and psychiatrists within 1 large urban integrated public health system were recruited to participate in this online survey study.

HCV treatment barriers among HIV/HCV co-infected patients in the US: a qualitative study to understand low uptake among marginalized populations in the DAA era.

Background: Well-tolerated, highly effective HCV treatment, known as direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), is now recommended for all people living with HCV, providing the tools for HCV elimination. We sought to understand treatment barriers among low-income HIV/HCV coinfected patients and providers with the goal of increasing uptake.

Methods: In 2014, we conducted 26 interviews with HIV/HCV co-infected patients and providers from a San Francisco clinic serving underinsured and publically-insured persons to explore barriers impacting treatment engagement and completion.

Direct-acting antiviral treatment for HIV/HCV patients in safety net settings: patient and provider preferences.

HIV/HCV coinfected patients are a priority for direct acting antiretroviral (DAA) treatment, yet barriers to treating vulnerable patients persist. This study surveyed safety net clinic patients and providers to quantify their preferences for DAA treatment and prioritize modifiable barriers. Preferences were assessed using best-worst scaling.