Transmission Dynamics of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Outbreak in an Indigenous Population in the Colombian Amazon Region.

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has become the main tool for studying the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains; however, the clonal expansion of one strain often limits its application in local MTBC outbreaks. The use of an alternative reference genome and the inclusion of repetitive regions in the analysis could potentially increase the resolution, but the added value has not yet been defined. Here, we leveraged short and long WGS read data of a previously reported MTBC outbreak in the Colombian Amazon Region to analyze possible transmission chains among 74 patients in the indigenous setting of Puerto Nariño (March to October 2016).

Close Related Drug-Resistance Beijing Isolates of Reveal a Different Transcriptomic Signature in a Murine Disease Progression Model.

(MTB) lineage 2/Beijing is associated with high virulence and drug resistance worldwide. In Colombia, the Beijing genotype has circulated since 1997, predominantly on the pacific coast, with the Beijing-Like SIT-190 being more prevalent. This genotype conforms to a drug-resistant cluster and shows a fatal outcome in patients.

Heterogeneous fitness landscape cues, pknG low expression, and phthiocerol dimycocerosate low production of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATCC25618 rpoB S450L in enriched broth.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (isoniazid/rifampin[RIF]-resistant TB) ravages developing countries. Fitness is critical in clinical outcomes. Previous studies on RIF-resistant TB (RR-TB) showed competitive fitness gains and losses, with rpoB-S450L as the most isolated/fit mutation.

First approach to the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in the indigenous population in Puerto Nariño-Amazonas, Colombia.

Introduction: Tuberculosis affects vulnerable groups to a greater degree, indigenous population among them.

Objective: To determine molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in an indigenous population through Spoligotyping and 24-loci MIRU-VNTR.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 23 indigenous communities of Puerto Nariño-Amazonas, Colombia.

Population structure of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Colombia.

Emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates is a major public health problem that threatens progress made in tuberculosis (TB) care and control worldwide. In Colombia, the prevalence of MDR tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has increased slowly but steadily since 2001. However, the population structure of the MDR-TB strains circulating in Colombia is sparsely known.

Characterization of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from indigenous peoples of Colombia.

Introduction: Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority. Indigenous peoples are vulnerable groups with cultural determinants that increase the risk of the disease.

Objective: To determine molecular epidemiology and phenotypical features and of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from indigenous people in Colombia during the period from 2009 to 2014.

Active and latent tuberculosis among inmates in La Esperanza prison in Guaduas, Colombia.

Introduction: Active tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are a public health threat in prisons around the world. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of LTBI and TB as well as to investigate TB transmission inside one prison, in Colombia.

Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in inmates who agreed to participate.

[Prevalence and risk factors associated to tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in HIV-positive patients in Bogotá].

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the most widely distributed infectious diseases worldwide. It is the most common cause of mortality among AIDS patients. In Colombia, 12,918 tuberculosis cases were notified, and 926 deaths were reported in 2015.

Tuberculosis associated with tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists, case description and analysis of reported cases in Colombia.

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important fundamental cytokine during the immune response against cancer and infections such as tuberculosis. This molecule also plays a key pathogenic role in complex and difficult-to-treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and ulcerative colitis. The treatment of these diseases frequently needs TNF-α antagonists, which has been related to an increased risk of developing tuberculosis, mycoses, and other severe infections.

[Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to quinolones and injectables in Colombia, 2012-2013].

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimated 9.6 million new cases and 480,000 multirresistant cases for 2014.

Cerebral microcalcifications in a newborn with congenital tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a serious public health problem worldwide. In 2012, the World Health Organization estimated 8.6 million new cases and 1.

[Pott's disease in a Colombian indigenous man].

Approximately 2 million people die each year from tuberculosis. One third of the world´s population is estimated to be infected with the tuberculosis bacillus, although only 5-10% will develop the disease in their lifetime. The disease progression risk depends on endogenous and exogenous factors.

[Phenotypic and genotypic diagnosis of bone and miliary tuberculosis in an HIV+ patient in Bogotá, Colombia].

Tuberculosis is the single most frequent cause of death by an infectious agent worldwide. Diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is not always possible through conventional methods, due to the long time required for cultures and the paucibacillary nature of samples; hence the need of rapid molecular methods. HIV infection increases the risk of tuberculosis, and HIV/tuberculosis coinfection is associated with higher mortality.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Clinical Beijing-Like Strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis 323 Using the PacBio Real-Time Sequencing Platform.

We report here the whole-genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant Beijing-like strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis 323, isolated from a 15-year-old female patient who died shortly after the initiation of second-line drug treatment. This strain is representative of the Beijing-like isolates from Colombia, where this lineage is becoming a public health concern.

[The usefulness of the nitrate reductase assay for detecting drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

Introduction: The early detection of resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is of primary importance for both patient management and infection control.

Objective: To evaluate nitrate reductase assay (NRA) performance for the testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistance against first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), streptomycin (STR) and ethambutol (EMB).

Materials And Methods: Fifty isolates were tested by using both the proportion method and the nitrate reductase assay.

Virulence and immune response induced by Mycobacterium avium complex strains in a model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis and subcutaneous infection in BALB/c mice.

The genus Mycobacterium comprises more than 150 species, including important pathogens for humans which cause major public health problems. The vast majority of efforts to understand the genus have been addressed in studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The biological differentiation between M.

[Tuberculosis of the breast].

We report a case of granulomatous mastitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an immunocompetent woman with chronic inflammatory lesions of the breast. It was diagnosed by detection of mycobacteria DNA using polymerase chain reaction technique targeting IS6110 insertion element of M. tuberculosis complex in a paraffin-embedded histological specimen.

Genome sequence of the Mycobacterium colombiense type strain, CECT 3035.

We report the first whole-genome sequence of the Mycobacterium colombiense type strain, CECT 3035, which was initially isolated from Colombian HIV-positive patients and causes respiratory and disseminated infections. Preliminary comparative analyses indicate that the M. colombiense lineage has experienced a substantial genome expansion, possibly contributing to its distinct pathogenic capacity.

A first insight on the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex as studied by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTRs in Bogotá, Colombia.

With an incidence of 25.6/100,000 in 2008, tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem in Colombia. In this study, a total of 152 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains isolated in Bogotá, Colombia between years 1995 and 2007 were genotyped by spoligotyping and 12-loci MIRU-VNTRs.

First case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis caused by a rare "Beijing-like" genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Bogotá, Colombia.

This report describes a first case due to a genetically distinct and relatively rare "Beijing-like" strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from a 15 years old female patient who died shortly after the initiation of antituberculous therapy with second-line drugs. Positive cultures obtained from lung, kidney and adrenal glands upon autopsy were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex characterized by an identical 15-banded IS6110-RFLP pattern, and were found to be resistant to all the 4 first-line antituberculous drugs tested (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin). Spoligotyping followed by comparison with the SITVIT2 database revealed that the isolate belonged to a rare pattern identified as Spoligotype International Type SIT190, which represents only 1.

[Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in Bogotá in clinical isolates obtained over an 11-year period].

Objective: Characterising clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from 1995 to 2006 in Bogotá , Colombia , using standardised IS6110-based RFLP typing for determining phylogenetic relationships. Calculating cases due to recent infection (grouped cases) cf endogenous reactivation (single patterns).

Methods: This retrospective study characterised 137 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained in Bogotá from 1995 to 2006.

Molecular features of Mycobacterium avium human isolates carrying a single copy of IS1245 and IS1311 per genome.

Human clinical isolates of the Mycobacterium avium complex, from hospitals in Bogotá, were studied using a wide range of molecular tests including PCR restriction-enzyme analysis (PRA) of the hsp65 gene. Up to 21 of the isolates were identified as M. avium PRA variant III (Mav III), a variant obtained only from isolates on the American continent.

[Mycobacteria-HIV/AIDS association in patients attending a teaching-hospital in Bogotá, Colombia].

Objective: Evaluating the frequency of mycobacterium infection in an HIV-positive population and its influence on medium-term survival, along with clinical and epidemiological factors associated with co-infection.

Methods: Several clinical specimens were studied for mycobacteria in a sample of 92 HIV+ patients at the San Juan de Dios teaching-hospital in Bogota, Colombia, during 1996. Factors associated with infection were measured using a prevalence ratio (PR), CI=95%, and logistic regression was used in the multivariable models.