An Update on Viral Hepatitis B and C in Mexico: Advances and Pitfalls in Eradication Strategies.

In Mexico, hepatitis B and C infections are a significant burden on the health system. The aim of this narrative review was to analyze the state of the art on hepatitis B and C in Mexico by searching and studying available data in academic articles and government reports and statements on epidemiology, prevention, treatment, and elimination strategies undertaken by the Mexican government. Even where the government has implemented a hepatitis B vaccination strategy to reduce its incidence, a very low proportion of people complete the vaccination schedule.

Leukocyte Telomere Length Predicts Severe Disability in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Correlates with Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the nervous system. Peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) are potential biomarkers of neurological disability and neural damage. Our objective was to assess the LTL and mtDNA-CN in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).

Non-fitness status of peripheral NK cells defined by decreased NKp30 and perforin, and increased soluble B7H6, in cervical cancer patients.

The NKp30 receptor is one of the three natural cytotoxic receptors reported in NK cells. This receptor is codified by the NCR3 gene, which encodes three isoforms, a consequence of the alternative splicing of exon 4. A greater expression of the three isoforms (A, B, and C), along with low levels of the NKp30 ligand B7H6, has been reported as a positive prognostic factor in different cancer types.

Positive staining of the immunoligand B7-H6 in abnormal/transformed keratinocytes consistently accompanies the progression of cervical cancer.

Background: B7-H6 has been revealed as an endogenous immunoligand expressed in a variety of tumors, but not expressed in healthy tissues. Heretofore, no studies have been reported describing B7-H6 in women with cervical cancer. To investigate this question, our present study was conducted.

Association of Paraoxonase-1 Q192R (rs662) Single Nucleotide Variation with Cardiovascular Risk in Coffee Harvesters of Central Colombia.

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a high-density lipoprotein-associated antioxidant enzyme, hydrolyzes several organophosphate pesticides and oxidized lipids. The PON1 Q192R polymorphism affects the catalytic efficiency and is considered a risk factor for pesticide intoxication and cardiovascular disease (CVD) but the association is not consistent between individuals or populations. We aimed to study the association of PON1 Q192R polymorphism with CVD risk in coffee harvesters of central Colombia.

Influence of ApoE and FABP2 polymorphisms and environmental factors in the susceptibility to gallstone disease.

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a common chronic disease in the Western hemisphere, yet environmental and genetic factors may be responsible for the variations in the prevalence of GSD among populations.

Aim: To analyze the relationship of the ApoE and FABP2 polymorphisms with diet, physical activity and emotional health in patients with GSD from West Mexico.

Material And Methods: A total of 120 patients with GSD and 370 healthy subjects were enrolled.

Short (GT)n microsatellite repeats in the heme oxygenase-1 gene promoter are associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status in Mexican pediatric patients with sepsis.

An adequate immune and antioxidant response is a key to the resolution of sepsis. Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is a stress protein with a polymorphic (GT)n repeat in its gene promoter that regulates its expression in response to oxidative injury, such as that present in sepsis. HMOX1 is the rate-limiting enzyme of heme degradation, and the heme breakdown products, CO, Fe, and bilirubin, are considered to be biologically active metabolites with direct or indirect antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

[Unusual branchial arch, dermoepidermal and nervous system anomalies in a neonate with VACTERL-H syndrome].

VACTERL-H syndrome is a complex disorder of congenital malformations that implies vertebrae, anus, heart, trachea, esophagus, kidneys, limbs and hydrocephalus. Its etiology has been identified in a fraction of patients largely due to their sporadic nature and its high degree of clinical heterogeneity. This report presents a newborn with VACTERL-H syndrome, associated with unusual branchial arch, dermoepidermal and nervous system anomalies, which are compared with those described in the medical literature.

Alpha-lipoic acid regulates heme oxygenase gene expression and nuclear Nrf2 activation as a mechanism of protection against arsenic exposure in HepG2 cells.

Oxidative stress is a known mechanism induced, among other things, by arsenic toxicity. As a response, the cell triggers the synthesis of antioxidant and stress response elements like glutathione and heme oxygenase. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a well-known antioxidant that confers protection to oxidative stress conditions.

Expression profile of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in premenopausal Mexican women with breast cancer: clinical and immunohistochemical correlates.

Low BRCA1 gene expression is associated with increased invasiveness and influences the response of breast carcinoma (BC) to chemotherapeutics. However, expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes has not been completely characterized in premenopausal BC. We analyzed the clinical and immunohistochemical correlates of BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression in young BC women.

Current antioxidant molecular therapies for oxidative stress-related ailments.

Oxidative cell damage is a natural occurring phenomenon due to the aerobic conditions where cells are embedded; however, such injury can efficiently be controlled and repaired by the inherent antioxidants of the cell. When the oxidant/antioxidant balance is disrupted towards the former by any chemical, biological or physical insult a pathological state could be developed, therefore, an extensive list of compounds with proved or assumed antioxidants properties has largely been used for improving or restoring the health status. Pharmacological therapies as well as dietary or complementary therapies are continuously being investigated for the counteracting of the harmful or damaging effects of oxidation in cells or tissues.

Ductular hyperplasia is characterized by an over expression of c-Myc in bile duct ligation + furan injured rats: possible role of interleukin-6.

The aim of this study was focused on the analysis of gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and c-Myc in liver carcinogenesis in bile duct ligation (BDL)+furan treated rats. We also correlated the molecular and immunohistochemical findings with the degree of architecture distortion and histopathological changes in the liver. Groups of rats were subjected to BDL and one week later, animals were given furan in corn oil by gavage at 45 mg/kg body weight, once a week, five times weekly, for 1--4 weeks.