Laser and scanning electron microscopy evaluation of residual microislands of calculus.

Background: Recent studies suggest a role for microscopic crystalline particles of residual dental calculus in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the effectiveness of scaling and root planing (SRP) alone versus SRP combined with 24% ethylenediamine-tetra acetic acid (EDTA) gel in removing calculus from extracted teeth and to determine the optimal length of time for application of the EDTA.

Methods: Specimens consisted of 32 extracted teeth with heavy root calculus.

The Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative during Surgical Therapy for Peri-Implantitis: A Case Series.

Peri-implantitis is a growing concern and currently, there is no agreement on the best method for treating this condition. This study looked at surgical intervention with the use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) for treating this condition. A cohort of 25 (34 implants) consecutive patients treated with EMD for peri-implantitis was followed for up to 6.

Validation of two clinical color measuring instruments for use in dental research.

Objective: There are several shade matching instruments developed for clinical use, but the validity of their use in dental research has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of using two clinical color measuring instruments, VitaEasyshade and Spectroshade, against a referent laboratory color measuring instrument (Spectroradiometer PR670).

Methods And Materials: The validity and repeatability of the referent laboratory color measuring instrument was assessed using standard color patches with certified CIE L*a*b* values.

Validity of fractal analysis of implants in individuals with healthy and diseased peri-implant mucosa.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether fractal analysis could discriminate the peri-implant trabecular bone between individuals with healthy peri-implant mucosa and peri-implant disease using digital periapical radiographs.

Material And Methods: The electronic health records of patients with a dental implant were reviewed to determine their eligibility. One hundred four patients (aged 27-89 years) were included and divided into three groups.

The Association Between Occlusal Status and the Soft and Hard Tissue Conditions Around Single-Unit Dental Implants.

The occlusal status of single-unit dental implants were evaluated using traditional and computerized methods. The type of occlusal contact in maximum intercuspation and the presence of occlusal contacts on the implant during eccentric movements were recorded. A digital sensor was used for computerized analysis of occlusion.

The clinical efficacy of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen in conjunction with localized piezosurgical decortication enhanced orthodontics: A prospective observational study.

Background: Evidence exists on the clinical efficacy and safety of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with "Piezocision"-a minimally invasive, flapless alternative to corticotomy for alveolar bone augmentation. Allograft has been extensively studied for alveolar bone augmentation in Piezocision; however, the use of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) in Piezocision for PAOO has not been investigated.

Methods: This study is a prospective, observational, cohort study of 19 patients of Angle Class I malocclusion with a total of 692 teeth assessed for maintenance of health of the periodontal attachment apparatus.

Videoscope Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (VMIS): 36-Month Results.

Background: Clinical outcomes from videoscope assisted minimally invasive surgery (VMIS) at 36 to 58 months are reported.

Methods: Fourteen patients having sites with residual probing depth (PD) of at least 5 mm and 2 mm loss of clinical attachment level (CAL) after initial non-surgical therapy were treated with VMIS.

Results: At 36 months or greater post-surgery there was a statistically significant improvement (P <0.

Assessment of treatment outcomes for facial prostheses in patients with craniofacial defects: A pilot retrospective study.

Statement Of Problem: The longevity of silicone facial prostheses is short, and published data concerning this type of rehabilitation are limited.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify predictive variables for prosthetic failure and to highlight the results that can be expected after treatment with silicone facial prostheses.

Material And Methods: After institutional approval, patient records from a single Brazilian institution for the time period 2004 to 2015 were assessed.

Cell Attachment Following Instrumentation with Titanium and Plastic Instruments, Diode Laser, and Titanium Brush on Titanium, Titanium-Zirconium, and Zirconia Surfaces.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface characteristics and gingival fibroblast adhesion of disks composed of implant and abutment materials following brief and repeated instrumentation with instruments commonly used in procedures for implant maintenance, stage-two implant surgery, and periimplantitis treatment.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty disks (40 titanium, 40 titaniumzirconium, 40 zirconia) were grouped into treatment categories of instrumentation by plastic curette, titanium curette, diode microlaser, rotary titanium brush, and no treatment. Twenty strokes were applied to half of the disks in the plastic and titanium curette treatment categories, while half of the disks received 100 strokes each to simulate implant maintenance occurring on a repetitive basis.

Promoting oral cancer examinations to medical primary care providers: a cluster randomized trial.

Objectives: To compare the percentage of patients who had an oral cancer examination (OCE) by their primary care provider (PCP) in medical clinics participating in a web-based education with poster reminder intervention to that of patients in control clinics. To also determine the effects for PCPs in medical clinics participating in the web-based education with poster reminder intervention as compared with those in control clinics regarding: a) index of knowledge of oral cancer risk factors (RiskOC) and b) index of knowledge of oral cancer diagnostic procedures (DiagOC).

Methods: Six medical clinics were recruited to participate in this study and randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group.

Videoscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Periodontal Surgery: One-Year Outcome and Patient Morbidity.

The aim of this study was to report the 1-year clinical outcomes from videoscope-assisted minimally invasive surgery (V-MIS). A sample of 18 patients having sites with residual pocket probing depth (PPD) of at least 5 mm and 2 mm loss in clinical attachment level (CAL) following initial nonsurgical therapy were treated with V-MIS. At 12 months postsurgery, there was a statistically significant improvement (P < .

A Major Human Oral Lysophosphatidic Acid Species, LPA 18:1, Regulates Novel Genes in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

Background: The small bioactive lipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays critical roles in both normal physiology and inflammation in many systems. However, its actions are just beginning to be defined in oral biology and pathophysiology.

Methods: Microarray analysis was used to test the hypothesis that human gingival fibroblasts (GFs) would show significant changes in wound-healing and inflammation-related gene transcripts in response to a major human salivary and gingival crevicular fluid LPA species, 18:1, and that they would express transcript for the major LPA-producing enzyme autotaxin.

Videoscope-assisted minimally invasive periodontal surgery (V-MIS).

Aim: Small incision surgery has become routine in many areas of medicine but has not been widely accepted in periodontal therapy. A videoscope to assist minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been developed. The clinical outcomes from MIS performed using this videoscope (V-MIS) are reported.

Longitudinal outcomes of using a fluoride performance measure for adults at high risk of experiencing caries.

Background: Staff of the VA Office of Dentistry, the dental care arm of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' Veterans Health Administration, developed a performance measure (PM) regarding appropriate fluoride use.

Methodology for adding glycemic index to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nutrient database.

Generating valid estimates of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) has been a challenge in nutritional epidemiology. The methodologic issues may have contributed to the wide variation of GI/GL associations with health outcomes observed in existing literature. We describe a standardized methodology for assigning GI values to items in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) nutrient database using the new International Tables to develop research-driven, systematic procedures and strategies to estimate dietary GI/GL exposures of a nationally representative population sample.

High-fiber foods reduce periodontal disease progression in men aged 65 and older: the Veterans Affairs normative aging study/Dental Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: To determine whether foods that are good to excellent sources of fiber reduce periodontal disease progression in men.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Setting: Greater Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area.

The effect of phosphoric acid pre-etching and thermocycling on self-etching adhesive enamel bonding.

Statement Of Problem: When inserting a resin-bonded prosthesis, it is not known whether pumicing, rinsing, and using a self-etching primer (SE) on prepared surfaces is sufficient or whether the use of an additional conventional acid etchant is warranted due to the increased time and risk of contamination.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of pre-etching with phosphoric acid (PA) and thermocycling (TC) on the enamel shear bond strength (SBS) of an autopolymerizing adhesive system on ground enamel.

Material And Methods: Human teeth were embedded in phenolic rings with methyl methacrylate resin, and their enamel surfaces were ground flat to a 600 grit surface.

Development of prognostic indicators using classification and regression trees for survival.

The development of an accurate prognosis is an integral component of treatment planning in the practice of periodontics. Prior work has evaluated the validity of using various clinical measured parameters for assigning periodontal prognosis as well as for predicting tooth survival and change in clinical conditions over time. We critically review the application of multivariate lassification nd egression rees (CART) for survival in developing evidence-based periodontal prognostic indicators.

Compliance as a prognostic indicator. II. Impact of patient's compliance to the individual tooth survival.

Background: Existing evidence concerning the validity of an appropriate regular periodontal maintenance (PM) regimen and the role of patient compliance is controversial and inconsistent. The objectives of this study are to identify the impact of patient compliance (complete versus erratic) on alveolar bone loss and tooth survival.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using data from 295 patients with >or=20 years of observation, which included treatment and >or=15 years of maintenance therapy, in a private practice in Yamagata, Japan.

Prospective assessment of the use of enamel matrix derivative with minimally invasive surgery: 6-year results.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a surgical technique using very small incisions indicated for performing regenerative therapy in periodontal defects. The 11-month results from a prospective study of MIS were previously published. This article presents the 6-year results of that prospective study.

The association of occlusal contacts with the presence of increased periodontal probing depth.

Aim: This study evaluates relationships in humans between various occlusal contacts and the presence of deeper probing depths, reduced width of keratinized tissue, and less than favourable initial prognosis.

Materials And Methods: The tooth level relationship between various occlusal contacts and pocket probing depths, width of keratinized gingiva, and prognosis at the time of initial examination was evaluated (multivariate model) in a group of patients (85 patients, 2219 teeth) with active periodontal disease.

Results: The following were noted to be associated with significantly deeper pocket probing depths: premature contacts in centric relation (0.